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Combining card marking with remembered sets: how to save scanning time

Published: 01 October 1998 Publication History

Abstract

We consider the combination of card marking with remembered sets for generational garbage collection as suggested by Hosking and Hudson [3]. When more than two generations are used, a naive implementation may cause excessive and wasteful scanning of the cards and thus increase the collection time. We offer a simple data structure and a corresponding algorithm to keep track of which cards need be scanned for which generation. We then extend these ideas for the Train Algorithm of [4]. Here, the solution is more involved, and allows tracking of which card should be scanned for which car-collection in the train.

References

[1]
R. E. Jones and R. D. Lins. Garbage Collection: Algorithms for Automatic Dynamic Memory Management. John Wiley & Sons, July 1996.
[2]
U. HSlzle. A fast write barrier for generational garbage collectors. In Eliot Moss, Paul R. Wilson, and Benjamin Zorn, editors. OOPSLA/ECOOP '93 Workshop on Garbage Collection in Object-Oriented Systems, October 1993
[3]
A. L. Hosking and R. L. Hudson. Remembered Sets Can Also Play Cards. In OOPSLA'93 Workshop on Garbage Collection and Memory Management. Washington, DC, September 1993.
[4]
R. L. Hudson and J. E. B. Moss. Incremental garbage collection for mature objects. In Yves Bekkers and Jacques Cohen, editors. Proceedings of International Workshop on Memory Management, volume 637 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1992. Springer-Verlag.
[5]
H. Lieberman and C. E. Hewitt. A Real Time Garbage Collector Based on the Lifetimes of Objects. Communications of the A CM, 26(6), pages 419-429, 1983.
[6]
J. Seligmann and S. Grarup. Incremental mature garbage collection using the train algorithm. In O. Nierstras, editor. Proceedings of 1995 European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Lecture Notes in Computer Science.Springer- Verlag, August 1995.
[7]
Patrick SobaNarro. A lifetimebased garbage collector for Lisp systems on general-purpose computers. Technical Report AITR-1417, MIT, AI Lab, February 1988.
[8]
D. Ungar. Generation Scavenging: A Non-disruptiw~ High Performance Storage Reclamation Algorithm. Proceedings of the A CM Symposium on Practical Software Development Environments, ACM SIG- PLAN Notices Vol. 19, No. 5, May 1984, pp. 157-167.
[9]
Paul R. Wilson. Uniprocessor garbage collection techniques. In Yves Bekkers and Jacques Cohen, editors. Proceedings of International Workshop on Memory Management, volume 637 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1992. Springer-Verlag.
[10]
P. R. Wilson and T. G. Moher. A cardmarking scheme for controlling intergenerational references in generation-based garbage collection on stock hardware. A CM SIGPLAN Notices, 24(5):87-92, 1989.

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Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM SIGPLAN Notices
ACM SIGPLAN Notices  Volume 34, Issue 3
March 1999
195 pages
ISSN:0362-1340
EISSN:1558-1160
DOI:10.1145/301589
Issue’s Table of Contents
  • cover image ACM Conferences
    ISMM '98: Proceedings of the 1st international symposium on Memory management
    October 1998
    200 pages
    ISBN:1581131143
    DOI:10.1145/286860
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 01 October 1998
Published in SIGPLAN Volume 34, Issue 3

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Author Tags

  1. garbage collection
  2. generational garbage collection
  3. the train algorithm

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