Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

skip to main content
10.1145/2800795.2800799acmotherconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesnanocomConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Forwarding Schemes for EM-based Wireless Nanosensor Networks in the Terahertz Band

Published: 21 September 2015 Publication History

Abstract

Electromagnetic-based Wireless NanoSensor Networks (EM-WNSNs) operating in the TeraHertz (THz) band (0.1 THz--10 THz) has been in focus recently because of potential applications in nano-scale scenarios. However, one major hurdle for advancing nano-scale communications is the lack of suitable networking protocols to address current and future needs of nanonetworks. Working together with routing that finds the path from a source to destination, forwarding is a networking task of sending a packet to the next-hop along its path to the destination. While forwarding has been straightforward in traditional wired networks, forwarding schemes now play a vital role in determining wireless network performance. In this paper, we propose a channel-aware forwarding scheme and compare it against traditional forwarding schemes for wireless sensor networks. To fit the peculiarity of EM-WNSNs, the channel-aware forwarding scheme makes forwarding decision considering the frequency selective pecularities of the THz channel which are undesirable from a networking perspective. It is shown through simulation that the proposed channel-aware forwarding scheme outperforms traditional forwarding schemes in terms of the end-to-end capacity while maintaining comparable performance for delay.

References

[1]
A. Afsharinejad, A. Davy, B. Jennings, and S. Balasubramaniam. GA-based frequency selection strategies for graphene-based nano-communication networks. In Proceedings of IEEE ICC, pages 3642--3647, Sydney, Australia, 10--14 June 2014.
[2]
I. Akyildiz and J. Jornet. The internet of nano-things. IEEE Wireless Communications, 17(6):58--63, December 2010.
[3]
J. N. Al-Karaki and A. E. Kamal. Routing Techniques in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey. IEEE Wireless Communications, 11(6):6--28, Dec 2004.
[4]
Y. L. Babikov, I. E. Gordon, S. N. Mikhailenko, L. S. Rothman, and S. A. Tashkun. HITRAN on the Web -- a new tool for HITRAN spectroscopic data manipulation. In Proceedings of the 12th International HITRAN Conference, 29--31 August 2012.
[5]
P. Boronin, V. Petrov, D. Moltchanov, Y. Koucheryavy, and J. M. Jornet. Capacity and throughput analysis of nanoscale machine communication through transparency windows in the terahertz band. Nano Communication Networks, 5(3):72--82, 2014.
[6]
Z. A. Eu and W. K. G. Seah. Impact of transmission power and routing algorithms in designing robust wireless sensor networks. In PIMRC 2007. IEEE 18th International Symposium on, Sept 2007.
[7]
Y. Gao, D.-M. Chiu, and J. C. Lui. Determining the End-to-end Throughput Capacity in Multi-hop Networks: Methodology and Applications. In Proceedings of ACM SIGMETRICS, pages 39--50, Saint Malo, France, 2006.
[8]
I. Jawhar, N. Mohamed, and D. P. Agrawal. Linear wireless sensor networks: Classification and applications. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 34(5):1671--1682, 2011.
[9]
J. Jornet and I. Akyildiz. Femtosecond-long pulse-based modulation for terahertz band communication in nanonetworks. Communications, IEEE Transactions on, 62(5):1742--1754, May 2014.
[10]
J. M. Jornet and I. F. Akyildiz. Channel Modeling and Capacity Analysis for Electromagnetic Wireless Nanonetworks in the Terahertz Band. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 10(10):3211--3221, October 2011.
[11]
P. Lio and S. Balasubramaniam. Opportunistic routing through conjugation in bacteria communication nanonetwork. Nano Communication Networks, 3(1):36--45, 2012.
[12]
M. Pierobon, J. M. Jornet, N. Akkari, S. Almasri, and I. F. Akyildiz. A routing framework for energy harvesting wireless nanosensor networks in the terahertz band. Wireless Networks, pages 1--15, 2014.
[13]
G. Piro, G. Boggia, and L. A. Grieco. On the design of an energy-harvesting protocol stack for body area nano-networks. Nano Communication Networks, 2014.
[14]
P. Rawat, K. Singh, H. Chaouchi, and J. Bonnin. Wireless sensor networks: a survey on recent developments and potential synergies. The Journal of Supercomputing, 68(1):1--48, 2014.
[15]
M. Youssef, M. Younis, and K. Arisha. A constrained shortest-path energy-aware routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE WCNC, Orlando, FL, USA, 17--21 Mar 2002.
[16]
E. Zarepour, M. Hassan, C. T. Chou, and A. Adesina. Frequency hopping strategies for improving terahertz sensor network performance over composition varying channels. In Proceedings of the IEEE WoWMoM, pages 1--9, Sydney, 16--19 June 2014.
[17]
H. Zhao, E. Garcia-Palacios, A. Song, and J. Wei. Calculating end-to-end throughput capacity in wireless networks with consideration of hidden nodes and multi-rate terminals. In Proceedings of IEEE VTC, 2011 IEEE 73rd, pages 1--5, May 2011.

Cited By

View all
  • (2025)Energy-efficient hierarchical cluster-based routing strategies for Internet of Nano-Things: Algorithms design and experimental evaluationsAd Hoc Networks10.1016/j.adhoc.2024.103673166(103673)Online publication date: Jan-2025
  • (2024)Network Parameter Influence on Communications in Dense Wireless NanonetworksProceedings of the 11th Annual ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication10.1145/3686015.3689360(97-102)Online publication date: 28-Oct-2024
  • (2024)Joint Optimization of Routing, Bandwidth, and Sub-Band Allocation in Energy-Efficient THz Nano-NetworksIEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society10.1109/OJCOMS.2024.34385715(5248-5259)Online publication date: 2024
  • Show More Cited By

Index Terms

  1. Forwarding Schemes for EM-based Wireless Nanosensor Networks in the Terahertz Band

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM Other conferences
    NANOCOM' 15: Proceedings of the Second Annual International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication
    September 2015
    186 pages
    ISBN:9781450336741
    DOI:10.1145/2800795
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

    In-Cooperation

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 21 September 2015

    Permissions

    Request permissions for this article.

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. Forwarding Schemes
    2. Nanonetworks
    3. THz Communications

    Qualifiers

    • Research-article
    • Research
    • Refereed limited

    Conference

    NANOCOM' 15

    Acceptance Rates

    Overall Acceptance Rate 97 of 135 submissions, 72%

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)5
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
    Reflects downloads up to 23 Feb 2025

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2025)Energy-efficient hierarchical cluster-based routing strategies for Internet of Nano-Things: Algorithms design and experimental evaluationsAd Hoc Networks10.1016/j.adhoc.2024.103673166(103673)Online publication date: Jan-2025
    • (2024)Network Parameter Influence on Communications in Dense Wireless NanonetworksProceedings of the 11th Annual ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication10.1145/3686015.3689360(97-102)Online publication date: 28-Oct-2024
    • (2024)Joint Optimization of Routing, Bandwidth, and Sub-Band Allocation in Energy-Efficient THz Nano-NetworksIEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society10.1109/OJCOMS.2024.34385715(5248-5259)Online publication date: 2024
    • (2022)Multi-Hop Relaying Distribution Strategies for Terahertz-Band Communication Networks: A Cross-Layer AnalysisIEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications10.1109/TWC.2021.313678821:7(5075-5089)Online publication date: Jul-2022
    • (2021)Survey on Terahertz Nanocommunication and Networking: A Top-Down PerspectiveIEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications10.1109/JSAC.2021.307183739:6(1506-1543)Online publication date: Jun-2021
    • (2021)Electromagnetic Nanocommunication Networks: Principles, Applications, and ChallengesIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2021.31353359(166147-166165)Online publication date: 2021
    • (2021)MAC and NetworkingTHz Communications10.1007/978-3-030-73738-2_31(377-398)Online publication date: 29-Mar-2021
    • (2020)A Comprehensive Survey on Hybrid Communication in Context of Molecular Communication and Terahertz Communication for Body-Centric NanonetworksIEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological and Multi-Scale Communications10.1109/TMBMC.2020.30171466:2(107-133)Online publication date: Nov-2020
    • (2020)Routing Protocols for Wireless Nanosensor Networks and Internet of Nano Things: A Comprehensive SurveyIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3035646(1-1)Online publication date: 2020
    • (2020)Using nanosensors in wireless sensor networksNanosensors for Smart Cities10.1016/B978-0-12-819870-4.00029-3(515-526)Online publication date: 2020
    • Show More Cited By

    View Options

    Login options

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Figures

    Tables

    Media

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media