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Grosch's law re-revisited: CPU power and the cost of computation

Published: 01 February 1985 Publication History

Abstract

Does Grosch's law, which postulated that the costs of computer systems increase at a rate equivalent to the square root of their power, still hold? The age of mini-, micro-, and supercomputers seems to have complicated the situation. When computers are grouped according to their size and power, Grosch's law seems to hold within each group, but not between different groups.

References

[1]
Gale. E.G., Gremillion. L.L. and McKenney, J.L. Price/performance patterns of U.S. computer systems. Commun. ACM 22, 4 (Apr. 1979), 225-232.
[2]
Grosch. H.A. Hieh weed arithmetic: The digital cornouter as a research iool. I. 0;f. &c. Am. 43,4 (Apr. 1953; '
[3]
Grosch, H.A. Grosch's law revisited. Computenoorld 8, 16 (Apr. 16, 1975), 24.
[4]
Henkel. T. Hardware roundup. Computeworld (July 13. 1981), 12.
[5]
Knight, K.E. Changes in computer performance. Dafamafion (Sept. 1966). 40-54.
[6]
Knight, K.E. Evolving computer performance 1963-1967. Datamation Ilan. 19681. 31-35.
[7]
Solomon. 'M.B. Jr. Economies of scale and the IBM System/360 Commun. ACM 9, 6 (June 1966). 435-440.

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Thomas C. Richards

This paper examines the validity of Grosch's law [1] and then goes on to examine three important studies related to evaluating the performance of computers. These include one undertaken by Knight in the early 1960s [2,3]; a second major study by Solomon in the mid-1960s [4]; and, finally, one by Cale et al. completed in the late 1970s [5]. The author then presents his methodology for the measurement of computer power using six variables, including maximum memory, maximum channels, cycle time, relative performance, MIPS, and price. The 106 systems used in this analysis were grouped into five categories which included super computers, large mainframes, small mainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers. The author then shows that Grosch's law holds within each category. He postulates that an organization should select the most powerful computer within each category. This is a well-written paper in an area which has received very little attention during the last 25 years.

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Published In

cover image Communications of the ACM
Communications of the ACM  Volume 28, Issue 2
Feb. 1985
78 pages
ISSN:0001-0782
EISSN:1557-7317
DOI:10.1145/2786
Issue’s Table of Contents
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 01 February 1985
Published in CACM Volume 28, Issue 2

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  • (2020)Security Issues and Challenges for Virtualization TechnologiesACM Computing Surveys10.1145/338219053:2(1-37)Online publication date: 19-May-2020
  • (2020)Expanding the Bounds of Seated Virtual WorkspacesACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction10.1145/338095927:3(1-40)Online publication date: 31-May-2020
  • (2019)Rethinking Technologies for Behavior ChangeACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction10.1145/331814226:4(1-30)Online publication date: 17-Jun-2019
  • (2012)Parameter optimization of a fuzzy inference system using the FisPro open source software2012 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems10.1109/FUZZ-IEEE.2012.6250821(1-8)Online publication date: Jun-2012
  • (2010)The long time lag between science and commercialization: The case of computers2010 IEEE International Conference on Management of Innovation & Technology10.1109/ICMIT.2010.5492846(11-16)Online publication date: Jun-2010
  • (2010)Exponential improvements and increasing returns to scale2010 IEEE International Conference on Management of Innovation & Technology10.1109/ICMIT.2010.5492767(506-511)Online publication date: Jun-2010
  • (2008)Joint Optimization of Hardware and Network Costs for Distributed Computer SystemsIEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans10.1109/TSMCA.2007.91474938:2(470-484)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2008
  • (2007)Distributed Computer System Capacity Planning and Capacity LoadingDecision Sciences10.1111/j.1540-5915.1990.tb01684.x21:2(253-262)Online publication date: 7-Jun-2007
  • (2006)Joint optimization of hardware and network systemsJournal of Parallel and Distributed Computing10.1016/j.jpdc.2005.12.00566:3(469-485)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2006
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