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Design and evaluation of a dwell-free eye typing technique

Published: 26 April 2014 Publication History

Abstract

Dwelling, activated through gaze fixation for a prolonged time, is an essential task to be performed to select keys from on-screen keyboard present in the eye typing interface. Normally fixation on a key takes sufficient time which slows down eye typing rate. To get rid of it, researchers focused on minimizing or diminishing dwell time toward building a dwell-free interface. In this paper, we present an efficient dwell-free eye typing mechanism and compare it with a previous work with respect to text entry rate, learning rate and usability. The user experiment results reveal that newly proposed method performed slightly better than the other.

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References

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Agustin, J. S., Skovsgaard, H., Mollenbach, E., Barret, M., Tall, M., Hansen, D. W., and Hansen, J. P. Evaluation of a Low-Cost Open-Source Gaze Tracker. In Proc. ETRA, ACM Press (2010), 77--80.
[2]
Jacob, R. J. K. The Use of Eye Movements in Human-computer Interaction Techniques: What You Look at is What You Get. ACM Transactions on Information Systems 9, 2 (1991), 152--169.
[3]
Kristensson, P. O., and Vertanen, K. The Potential of Dwell-free Eye-typing for Fast Assistive Gaze Communication. In Proc. ETRA, ACM (2012), 241--244.
[4]
MacKenzie, I. S., and Soukoreff, R. W. Phrase Sets for Evaluating Text Entry Techniques. In Ext. Abstracts CHI 2003, ACM Press (2003), 754--755.
[5]
Majaranta, P. Text Entry by Eye Gaze. PhD thesis, Dept. of Computer Science, 2009.
[6]
Morimoto, C. H., and Amir, A. Context Switching for Fast Key Selection in Text Entry Applications. In Proc. ETRA, ACM Press (2010), 271--274.
[7]
Panwar, P., Sarcar, S., and Samanta, D. EyeBoard: A Fast and Accurate Eye Gaze-based Text Entry System. In Proc. IHCI, IEEE (2012), 1--8.
[8]
Sarcar, S., and Panwar, P. EyeK: An Efficient DwellFree Eye Gaze-Based Text Entry System. In Proc. APCHI 2013, ACM Press (2013).
[9]
Urbina, M. H., and Huckauf, A. Dwell Time Free Eye Typing Approaches. In Proc. COGAIN 2007, 3--4.
[10]
Collings, J. F., and Blackwell, L. K, Effects of Eye Dominance and Retinal Distance on Binocular Rivalry. Perceptual Motor Skills 39 (1974), 747--754.
[11]
MacKenzie, I. S., and Tanaka-Ishii, K. Text Entry Systems: Mobility, Accessibility, Universality. Morgan Kaufmann Inc., 2007.

Cited By

View all
  • (2022)Understanding, Addressing, and Analysing Digital Eye Strain in Virtual Reality Head-Mounted DisplaysACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction10.1145/349280229:4(1-80)Online publication date: 31-Mar-2022
  • (2020)A Survey of Digital Eye Strain in Gaze-Based Interactive SystemsACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications10.1145/3379155.3391313(1-12)Online publication date: 2-Jun-2020
  • (2020)VoiceyeProceedings of the 2020 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference10.1145/3357236.3395553(21-33)Online publication date: 3-Jul-2020
  • Show More Cited By

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    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM Conferences
    CHI EA '14: CHI '14 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
    April 2014
    2620 pages
    ISBN:9781450324748
    DOI:10.1145/2559206
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the Owner/Author.

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    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 26 April 2014

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    Author Tags

    1. dwell-free eye typing
    2. eye typing
    3. text entry

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    CHI '14
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    CHI '14: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
    April 26 - May 1, 2014
    Ontario, Toronto, Canada

    Acceptance Rates

    CHI EA '14 Paper Acceptance Rate 1,000 of 3,200 submissions, 31%;
    Overall Acceptance Rate 6,164 of 23,696 submissions, 26%

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    April 26 - May 1, 2025
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    Cited By

    View all
    • (2022)Understanding, Addressing, and Analysing Digital Eye Strain in Virtual Reality Head-Mounted DisplaysACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction10.1145/349280229:4(1-80)Online publication date: 31-Mar-2022
    • (2020)A Survey of Digital Eye Strain in Gaze-Based Interactive SystemsACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications10.1145/3379155.3391313(1-12)Online publication date: 2-Jun-2020
    • (2020)VoiceyeProceedings of the 2020 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference10.1145/3357236.3395553(21-33)Online publication date: 3-Jul-2020
    • (2020)Multimodal Gaze Interaction for Creative DesignProceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3313831.3376196(1-13)Online publication date: 21-Apr-2020
    • (2020)Usability Evaluation of Short Dwell-Time Activated Eye Typing TechniquesUniversal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Design Approaches and Supporting Technologies10.1007/978-3-030-49282-3_14(188-210)Online publication date: 10-Jul-2020
    • (2019)Design and evaluation of a time adaptive multimodal virtual keyboardJournal on Multimodal User Interfaces10.1007/s12193-019-00293-z13:4(343-361)Online publication date: 8-Feb-2019
    • (2018)Context switching eye typing using dynamic expanding targetsProceedings of the Workshop on Communication by Gaze Interaction10.1145/3206343.3206347(1-9)Online publication date: 15-Jun-2018
    • (2016)SPOCKProceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/2851581.2892291(2681-2687)Online publication date: 7-May-2016
    • (2015)Filteryedping: Design Challenges and User Performance of Dwell-Free Eye TypingACM Transactions on Accessible Computing10.1145/27247286:1(1-37)Online publication date: 4-Mar-2015
    • (2015)FilteryedpingProceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/2702613.2725458(303-306)Online publication date: 18-Apr-2015

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