Congenital megacolon also referred to as Hirschsprung’s disease or aganglionic megacolon is chara... more Congenital megacolon also referred to as Hirschsprung’s disease or aganglionic megacolon is characterized by the absence of nerve plexus in the colon, it rarely affects the small intestine. Whereas acquired megacolon is a constant dilatation of the large intestine in the absence of disease but occurs due to various factors such as infections, emotional disturbances, stress, or secondary to inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, and proctocolitis. In the present case, we report here an unusual form of megacolon. The sigmoid colon was significantly enlarged but twisting or volvulus was not detected. The ascending, transverse, and remaining part of descending colon and mesentery appeared normal, The possibility of false rotation of the gut was excluded. Interestingly, the artery supplying the left one-third of the transverse colon and descending colon originated from a branch of the middle colic artery. This anomalous artery was found to form a c...
Background : Abductor digiti minimi (ADM) along with other hypothenar muscles, is prone to lot of... more Background : Abductor digiti minimi (ADM) along with other hypothenar muscles, is prone to lot of variations. Its close relation to the ulnar neurovascular bundle makes it an important muscle. The most common being the presence of accessory slips (accessory ADM [AADM]). The embryological basis for such slips, their morphology and their relation to ulnar neurovascular bundle were studied in detail. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 upper limbs (80 males and 20 females) were studied for the presence or absence of AADM and its relation to ulnar nerve (UN) and vessels were studied in detail. Results: Of these 100, four limbs had AADM, in which three were superficial to the ulnar artery and nerve and hence compressing them. Conclusion: Presence of AADM can result in hypothenar hammer syndrome of ulnar artery and/or in compression neuropathy of UN and cause undue problems during any flap surgeries and other procedures of the hand.
Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2015
Several congenital malformations affect developing fetuses, among which Neural tube defect (NTD) ... more Several congenital malformations affect developing fetuses, among which Neural tube defect (NTD) is most common. Folic acid supplementation brought decline in the incidence of NTDs. The present study aims at finding the incidence of NTDs in a tertiary care hospital and compares the results with the similar Indian studies published earlier. The study was done at Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam. The total number of deliveries was recorded for a period of five years from 2009 to 2013. Fetuses which were still born with neural defect were collected and observed in detail externally for the sex, type of NTD and other associated anomalies. Indian studies published between 1987 and 2014 reporting the incidence of NTDs among the births occurred were retrieved from the Internet and their various observations were used for comparison. The number of deliveries conducted between 2009 and 2013 at CHRI was 3220. Of these, babies born with NTDs were nine (5 males and 4 ...
Objective: Communications of median nerve with other nerves of upper limb are commonly reported a... more Objective: Communications of median nerve with other nerves of upper limb are commonly reported and this prompted us to conduct the study. In depth study was done on the communications of median nerve with the musculocutaneous nerve and the different types were classified. Also, communications between the superficial branches of median and ulnar nerves were also studied in palm. Materials and methods: Sixty four upper limbs were dissected. The different types of communication of the median nerve with the musculocutaneous nerve and its relation to coracobrachialis were studied after a median incision along the anterior aspect of the upper limb. The communicating branch between the superficial digital branches of the median and ulnar nerves was studied in detail. Results: Communications between median and musculocutaneous nerves were seen in 15 of the 64 specimens dissected. The communication between superficial branches of median and ulnar nerve was seen in 10 palms. Conclusion: Comm...
Aim: The Aortic Valve (AV) annular dimension with respect to the Body Surface Area (BSA) of the I... more Aim: The Aortic Valve (AV) annular dimension with respect to the Body Surface Area (BSA) of the Indian population is compared against the standard values. Presence of discrepancies can lead to patient prosthesis mismatch during aortic valve replacement surgeries. Methods: This study was conducted on 406 subjects. AV diameter was examined by using parasternal long axis view, where the imaging plane transects the AV in an anteroposterior direction and its x axis is aligned parallel to the long axis of aorta. Data were statistically analysed with western population. Results: The AV dimension ranged from 12.2 mm to 21.2 mm in the BSA range of 0.6 to 1.9 m(2), showing a linear increase in diameter with increasing BSA. There was an increase of about 2 mm, from 0.61 - 0.7 m(2) BSA to 0.71 - 0.8 m(2) BSA. A linear increase which ranged from 0.3 to 1 mm was observed for BSA which ranged from 0.81 m(2) to 1.2 m(2). In the BSA range of 1.21 - 1.3 m(2), there was an increase of 1.5 mm. A steady...
International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, Mar 1, 2014
Aim of the study is to document the presence or absence of each papillary muscle in the right ven... more Aim of the study is to document the presence or absence of each papillary muscle in the right ventricle, its variation in the number, attachment, size, shape, anterior papillary muscle and number of tendinous cords at the origin from the papillary muscle and compare the results with previously existing data and to provide clinical correlation. The double head variety is seen more often in the anterior. This study on the variation of papillary muscles of the right ventricle helps to provide categorical outlay for management & provides additional information to the clinicians who will help them in deciding the diagnosis and management.
We compare the mitral valve annular dimension in relation to the body surface area of the Indian ... more We compare the mitral valve annular dimension in relation to the body surface area of the Indian population as against the standard values. The study was conducted between September 2004 and February 2006 on 406 subjects, out of which 252 were males and 154 were females. A spatially oriented B-mode scan echocardiogram was used, with the long-axis plane running parallel to the heart or the left ventricle, the short-axis plane being perpendicular to the long axis, and the four-chamber plane orthogonal to the other two and somewhat representing a frontal plane. Mitral valvular dimensions were recorded in early diastole. The mitral valve showed a steady rise in its diameter with rise in body surface area. For body surface area ranging from 0.61 to 0.7 m², the mitral valve diameter was 15.5mm. There was a sudden increase from 15.5mm to 18 mm for body surface area ranging from 0.71 to 0.8 m². After this sudden increase, the mitral valve diameter steadily increased by 0.2-0.6 mm for every 0.1 m² increase in body surface area. The values obtained from the Indian population were definitely lower than the lower end of standard deviation of the standard values, which are derived in relation to body surface area. Although the annular dimensions of the mitral valve increased correspondingly with body surface area, they still remained very low in the Indian population as compared with the standard values, which might cause patient-prosthesis mismatch during mitral-valve replacement surgeries.
Congenital megacolon also referred to as Hirschsprung’s disease or aganglionic megacolon is chara... more Congenital megacolon also referred to as Hirschsprung’s disease or aganglionic megacolon is characterized by the absence of nerve plexus in the colon, it rarely affects the small intestine. Whereas acquired megacolon is a constant dilatation of the large intestine in the absence of disease but occurs due to various factors such as infections, emotional disturbances, stress, or secondary to inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, and proctocolitis. In the present case, we report here an unusual form of megacolon. The sigmoid colon was significantly enlarged but twisting or volvulus was not detected. The ascending, transverse, and remaining part of descending colon and mesentery appeared normal, The possibility of false rotation of the gut was excluded. Interestingly, the artery supplying the left one-third of the transverse colon and descending colon originated from a branch of the middle colic artery. This anomalous artery was found to form a c...
Background : Abductor digiti minimi (ADM) along with other hypothenar muscles, is prone to lot of... more Background : Abductor digiti minimi (ADM) along with other hypothenar muscles, is prone to lot of variations. Its close relation to the ulnar neurovascular bundle makes it an important muscle. The most common being the presence of accessory slips (accessory ADM [AADM]). The embryological basis for such slips, their morphology and their relation to ulnar neurovascular bundle were studied in detail. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 upper limbs (80 males and 20 females) were studied for the presence or absence of AADM and its relation to ulnar nerve (UN) and vessels were studied in detail. Results: Of these 100, four limbs had AADM, in which three were superficial to the ulnar artery and nerve and hence compressing them. Conclusion: Presence of AADM can result in hypothenar hammer syndrome of ulnar artery and/or in compression neuropathy of UN and cause undue problems during any flap surgeries and other procedures of the hand.
Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2015
Several congenital malformations affect developing fetuses, among which Neural tube defect (NTD) ... more Several congenital malformations affect developing fetuses, among which Neural tube defect (NTD) is most common. Folic acid supplementation brought decline in the incidence of NTDs. The present study aims at finding the incidence of NTDs in a tertiary care hospital and compares the results with the similar Indian studies published earlier. The study was done at Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam. The total number of deliveries was recorded for a period of five years from 2009 to 2013. Fetuses which were still born with neural defect were collected and observed in detail externally for the sex, type of NTD and other associated anomalies. Indian studies published between 1987 and 2014 reporting the incidence of NTDs among the births occurred were retrieved from the Internet and their various observations were used for comparison. The number of deliveries conducted between 2009 and 2013 at CHRI was 3220. Of these, babies born with NTDs were nine (5 males and 4 ...
Objective: Communications of median nerve with other nerves of upper limb are commonly reported a... more Objective: Communications of median nerve with other nerves of upper limb are commonly reported and this prompted us to conduct the study. In depth study was done on the communications of median nerve with the musculocutaneous nerve and the different types were classified. Also, communications between the superficial branches of median and ulnar nerves were also studied in palm. Materials and methods: Sixty four upper limbs were dissected. The different types of communication of the median nerve with the musculocutaneous nerve and its relation to coracobrachialis were studied after a median incision along the anterior aspect of the upper limb. The communicating branch between the superficial digital branches of the median and ulnar nerves was studied in detail. Results: Communications between median and musculocutaneous nerves were seen in 15 of the 64 specimens dissected. The communication between superficial branches of median and ulnar nerve was seen in 10 palms. Conclusion: Comm...
Aim: The Aortic Valve (AV) annular dimension with respect to the Body Surface Area (BSA) of the I... more Aim: The Aortic Valve (AV) annular dimension with respect to the Body Surface Area (BSA) of the Indian population is compared against the standard values. Presence of discrepancies can lead to patient prosthesis mismatch during aortic valve replacement surgeries. Methods: This study was conducted on 406 subjects. AV diameter was examined by using parasternal long axis view, where the imaging plane transects the AV in an anteroposterior direction and its x axis is aligned parallel to the long axis of aorta. Data were statistically analysed with western population. Results: The AV dimension ranged from 12.2 mm to 21.2 mm in the BSA range of 0.6 to 1.9 m(2), showing a linear increase in diameter with increasing BSA. There was an increase of about 2 mm, from 0.61 - 0.7 m(2) BSA to 0.71 - 0.8 m(2) BSA. A linear increase which ranged from 0.3 to 1 mm was observed for BSA which ranged from 0.81 m(2) to 1.2 m(2). In the BSA range of 1.21 - 1.3 m(2), there was an increase of 1.5 mm. A steady...
International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, Mar 1, 2014
Aim of the study is to document the presence or absence of each papillary muscle in the right ven... more Aim of the study is to document the presence or absence of each papillary muscle in the right ventricle, its variation in the number, attachment, size, shape, anterior papillary muscle and number of tendinous cords at the origin from the papillary muscle and compare the results with previously existing data and to provide clinical correlation. The double head variety is seen more often in the anterior. This study on the variation of papillary muscles of the right ventricle helps to provide categorical outlay for management & provides additional information to the clinicians who will help them in deciding the diagnosis and management.
We compare the mitral valve annular dimension in relation to the body surface area of the Indian ... more We compare the mitral valve annular dimension in relation to the body surface area of the Indian population as against the standard values. The study was conducted between September 2004 and February 2006 on 406 subjects, out of which 252 were males and 154 were females. A spatially oriented B-mode scan echocardiogram was used, with the long-axis plane running parallel to the heart or the left ventricle, the short-axis plane being perpendicular to the long axis, and the four-chamber plane orthogonal to the other two and somewhat representing a frontal plane. Mitral valvular dimensions were recorded in early diastole. The mitral valve showed a steady rise in its diameter with rise in body surface area. For body surface area ranging from 0.61 to 0.7 m², the mitral valve diameter was 15.5mm. There was a sudden increase from 15.5mm to 18 mm for body surface area ranging from 0.71 to 0.8 m². After this sudden increase, the mitral valve diameter steadily increased by 0.2-0.6 mm for every 0.1 m² increase in body surface area. The values obtained from the Indian population were definitely lower than the lower end of standard deviation of the standard values, which are derived in relation to body surface area. Although the annular dimensions of the mitral valve increased correspondingly with body surface area, they still remained very low in the Indian population as compared with the standard values, which might cause patient-prosthesis mismatch during mitral-valve replacement surgeries.
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