Papers by Holger Wallbaum
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Building and Environment, Dec 1, 2016
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Energy and Buildings, Dec 1, 2012
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Concerning the resource depletion and global warming, the realization of sustainable construction... more Concerning the resource depletion and global warming, the realization of sustainable constructions is crucial because the building industry has a big impact on the greenhouse gas emission. Recently the interest in the buildings in subtropical regions has been growing due to the high growth rate of their urbanized areas. From the view point of building physics, those regions are challenging because they have both heating and cooling demands. Also the prediction of indoor air humidity is acquiring a greater interest concerning the envelope durability, the comfort and the energy consumption. Authors developed a new building envelope system for subtropical regions. This envelope is a vapor-open and sorption-active system which allows the moderate transfer of the water vapor in both directions i.e. from exterior to interior and from interior to exterior. It consists of hygroscopic materials such as wood and clay, and its design system enables the make-up of the envelope to be flexibly changed according to the individual design conditions such as local climate, preferred room temperature and humidity and so on. The wall make-up is optimized so that no occurrence of interstitial condensation is predicted by transient heat and moisture transfer simulations. The energy consumption and the comfort of the building with this system, which will be built in central Japan, was analyzed. The dynamic energy simulation on hourly basis of an example case was carried out by means of a simulation program in accordance with ISO 13790. Furthermore, based on the heat balance simulation, the indoor humidity of the living room was predicted by means of a simplified moisture balance equation. This equation included the ventilation rate, the internal moisture load, and the moisture buffering by the interior materials. The result of the heating and cooling energy need was 13.9 kWh/m2 and 9.8 kWh/m2 respectively. The moisture buffering by the interior finishing reduced the fluctuations of the humidity and the acceptability of the room air. As a result, it was concluded that the utilization of the building envelope system has a high potential to provide the low-energyconsuming and durable houses in subtropical regions. However, there still remains a need to improve the indoor comfort situation in summer. The model will be validated by the in-situ measurement in the test house in the near future.
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International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
This study investigated the current design circumstances of an office as well as employees’ perce... more This study investigated the current design circumstances of an office as well as employees’ perceptions of the office environment in relation to their perceived health, drawing on sense of coherence theory (comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness). Previous studies have related the physical office environment to employee health. However, most studies have focused on alleviating negative effects, while health-promoting potential, including employee sense of coherence, has been overlooked. This study adopted a mixed method case study approach, combining semi-structured interviews with employees, structured observations, and analysis of architectural drawings. The results indicated that employees’ perceptions did not always align with the ideas behind the architectural design and that employees understood the environment differently. The study also highlighted the interrelations (and contradictions) among the different components of sense of coherence. The findings imply t...
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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) is a major domain of building conditions relating to occupant ... more Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) is a major domain of building conditions relating to occupant comfort, health and well-being. Especially in the office environment, IEQ can influence work productivity positively. Within the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), goal 3 good health and well-being, and goal 8 decent work and economic growth are the two areas where IEQ can significantly contribute. To better design sustainable office buildings in line with the agenda 2030, the study aims to examine occupant satisfaction, health and work in a newly renovated office building which is labelled by the BREEAM certification scheme Silver. Occupant preferences of IEQ comparing to the current conditions were also explored to provide advice for future design. The results show that occupant satisfaction with IEQ has not well achieved and in the office environment occupants prefer warmer temperature, more fresh air, less noise, and more daylight. We also find that perceived IEQ is extensiv...
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Journal of Industrial Ecology, 2022
This paper introduces a new method to account for the stocks and flows of road infrastructure at ... more This paper introduces a new method to account for the stocks and flows of road infrastructure at the national level based on material flow accounting (MFA). The proposed method closes some of the current shortcomings in road infrastructures that were identified through MFA: (1) the insufficient implementation of prospective analysis, (2) heavy use of archetypes as a way to represent road infrastructure, (3) inadequate attention to the inclusion of dissipative flows, and (4) limited coverage of the uncertainties. The proposed dynamic bottom‐up MFA method was tested on the Norwegian road network to estimate and predict the material stocks and flows between 1980 and 2050. Here, a supervised machine learning model was introduced to estimate the road infrastructure instead of archetypical mapping of different roads. The dissipation of materials from the road infrastructure based on tire–pavement interaction was incorporated. Moreover, this study utilizes iterative classified and regressi...
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A Handbook of Theories on Designing Alignment between People and the Office Environment, 2021
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Intelligence has three parts cognitive, emotional and practical. A building needs to reflect this... more Intelligence has three parts cognitive, emotional and practical. A building needs to reflect this. So an intelligent building will responsive to people in terms of not only being functional but to the human senses besides serving a community in the location. It will be resource effective in terms of energy , water and waste with low pollution. It will be smart in terms of technology selected to enable the systems to respond effectively but also make them easier for people to use. Today there is a focus on health and wellbeing and so intelligent buildings must produce a healing environment. Buildings need to be functional and practical but also expressive. Equally important is the infrastructure that services buildings and the people moving between them.
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The use of round bamboo as load bearing member for low-rise housing is an interesting alternative... more The use of round bamboo as load bearing member for low-rise housing is an interesting alternative construction method for tropical regions. Similar to timber engineering, a predictable fire resistance is a requirement for its legal approval and application at scale. The research presents fire test results on selected bamboo-based construction systems developed in Asia-Pacific and Latin America. Tests were conducted in Indonesia according to the National Standard SNI 1741, which is referring to ISO 834-1 and JIS A 1304. Different bamboo wall cross-sections were tested in specimens of 1050mm by 1050mm and evaluated according to insulation, integrity and mechanical resistance criteria. All specimens received a rating of 60 minutes resistance. The research provided a general understanding of the system response and highlighted critical variables of the wall system, which can be transformed into design recommendations.
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Gefahrstoffe Reinhaltung Der Luft, 2015
During the research project "Quality of Sustainable Buildings" (English: QSB, German: Q... more During the research project "Quality of Sustainable Buildings" (English: QSB, German: QNB), 27 office buildings in Switzerland were investigated. Objective measurements (air quality CO2, air temperature, relative humidity) were performed and in addition, data on subjective judgements were collected using questionnaires. The analyses of this paper focus on the characteristics of ventilation (natural, mechanical and hybrid ventilation). Mechanically ventilated buildings indicated some advantages during the summer period with respect to the air temperature and in the winter with respect to the air quality (CO2). For naturally ventilated buildings, disadvantages during the winter were observed with respect to the air quality (CO2). The same buildings showed some advantage of a higher relative humidity in the winter period compared with the mechanically ventilated buildings. Subjective judgements did more or less correspond with the measured data. However, some parameters did n...
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The building used for workshops and administrative services at the Monnaie Royal Theatre in Bruss... more The building used for workshops and administrative services at the Monnaie Royal Theatre in Brussels was subjected to complete renovation, to conform to fire safety regulations and be more energy efficient. This was achieved by renovation of the infrastructure of installations: central heating and cooling, water supply, and gas pipes, electrical power and control, fire detection, lighting and BMS integration. Introduction The concept shows the stages of rehabilitation of a heating and cooling system for a monument building, the Royal Theater of Monnaie in Brussels, Belgium, as well as the problems encountered and the solutions found in order to ensure a low-energy efficient system. The energy efficiency concept provides a powerful and cost-effective framework for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, fuel consumption, and operating costs. Rehabilitation of the Utility Spaces and Boiler Room – Monnaie Royal Theatre
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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2020
In line with EU Directives, European building portfolio owners are required to bring their stock ... more In line with EU Directives, European building portfolio owners are required to bring their stock to nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB) standards by 2050. To fulfil this goal in a timely and cost-effective manner, they will need to have a comprehensive understanding of their buildings’ condition, as well as consistent information on viable energy and low-carbon technology measures. Currently, in Europe, there is a lack of knowledge of what energy efficiency measures are being implemented in residential buildings. It is also unknown what are the decision-making processes behind the selection of these measures. On this basis, the aim of this study is to shed light on (1) what energy efficiency measures are currently carried out across European building portfolio owners (BPOs), (2) how are these measures selected (i.e. decision-making processes and information sources), and (3) what data would be needed to foster the uptake of low carbon energy efficiency technologies. The applied metho...
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Journal of Corporate Real Estate, 2020
PurposeThis paper aims to explore the literature on office design approaches (ODAs) in relation t... more PurposeThis paper aims to explore the literature on office design approaches (ODAs) in relation to employee health. The overall goal is to facilitate the practical use and theoretical development of design approaches to healthy offices.Design/methodology/approachA scoping review of 7,432 papers collected from 4 electronic databases and 5 scientific journals resulted in the selection of 18 papers for content analysis.FindingsVarious ODAs relating to building design features and health were identified. The findings highlight challenges for this emergent field, including a paucity of literature on ODAs, a lack of definitions of health and healthy offices, ambiguous design strategies and a lack of a holistic ODA.Originality/valueODAs are potentially valuable resources but an under-considered topic for healthy office development. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first scoping review to map and compare different design approaches in the context of office design and...
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BioResources, 2017
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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2019
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Papers by Holger Wallbaum