Original Word: עָנָה
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: `anah
Pronunciation: ah-NAH
Phonetic Spelling: (aw-naw')
Definition: To afflict, oppress, humble, answer, respond
Meaning: to depress

Word Origin: A primitive root

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: - G5013 (ταπεινόω, tapeinoō): To humble, to bring low

- G2346 (θλίβω, thlibō): To press, afflict, oppress

Usage: The Hebrew verb "anah" primarily conveys the idea of affliction or oppression, often in the context of humbling oneself or being humbled by external circumstances. It can also mean to answer or respond, particularly in a context of giving a reply or testimony. The dual meanings of affliction and response highlight the depth of the term, as it can refer to both physical and emotional states, as well as verbal interactions.

Cultural and Historical Background: In ancient Israelite culture, the concept of affliction was often associated with fasting, repentance, and seeking God's favor. The act of humbling oneself was a significant aspect of religious life, reflecting a posture of submission and dependence on God. The Israelites experienced affliction in various forms, from slavery in Egypt to personal trials, and these experiences were seen as opportunities for spiritual growth and divine intervention. The use of "anah" in legal and covenantal contexts also underscores the importance of truthful and faithful responses in maintaining community integrity.

II. [עָנָה] verb be occupied, busied with (ב), only Ecclesiastes (perhaps Aramaic loan-word; Syriac be occupied with, occupation, affair; compare Arabic , concern one, also be occupied by; Ecclus 42:8 margin); —

Qal Infinitive עֲנוֺתִ Ecclesiastes 1:13; Ecclesiastes 3:10.

III. [עָנָה] verb be bowed down, afflicted ( Late Hebrew id.; MI Pi`el ויענו Psalm 1:5, אענו Psalm 1:6; Assyrian enû thwart, frustrate, do violence to; Arabic , be lowly subsmissive, see Rahlfs<sup>עָנִי und עָנָי in d. Psalmen (1892), 67 ff.</sup>; ᵑ7 עַנִּי Pa`el oppress; Syriac Ethpe`el humble oneself, and derivatives); — Qal Perfect1singular עָנִיתִי Psalm 116:10; Imperfect3masculine singular יַעֲנֶה Isaiah 25:5; Isaiah 31:4, etc.; —

1 be put down or become low, of song of triumph Isaiah 25:5 (others as

Hiph`il he putteth down, "" תַּכְנִיעַ).

2 be depressed, downcast Isaiah 31:4 (of lion; "" יֵחָ֑ת).

3 be afficted Psalm 116:10; Psalm 119:67; Zechariah 10:2.

Niph`al Perfect1singular נַעֲניתִי Psalm 119:107; Infinitive construct לֵעָנֹת (perhaps read as Qal Ges^{§ 51} l) Exodus 10:3; Participle נַעֲנֶה Isaiah 53:7; feminine singular נַעֲנָה Isaiah 58:10; —

1 humble oneself מִמְּנֵי Exodus 10:3.

2 be afficted Psalm 119:107; Isaiah 53:7; Isaiah 58:10.

Piel. Perfect3masculine singular עִנָּה Deuteronomy 22:24 5t.; 2 masculine singular עִנִּיתָ Psalm 88:8; 1singular עִנֵּיתִי Psalm 35:13, suffix וְעִנִּתִךְ consecutive Nahum 1:12, etc.; Imperfect יְעַנֶּה Job 37:23, etc.; Imperative עַנּוּ Judges 19:24; Infinitive absolute עַנֵּה Exodus 22:22; construct עַנּוֺת Isaiah 58:5 +, etc.; Participle plural suffix מְעַנַּיִךְ Isaiah 60:14; Zephaniah 3:19; —

1 humble, mishandle, afflict: individual Genesis 16:6; Genesis 31:50 (J) Exodus 22:21; Exodus 22:22 (twice in verse) (E) Job 30:11; by imprisonment and bonds Judges 16:5,6,19; Psalm 105:18; a nation by war or in bondage Genesis 15:13 (J) Exodus 1:11,12; Numbers 24:24 (twice in verse) (E) Deuteronomy 26:6; 1 Samuel 12:8 (inserting וַיְעַנּוּם מִצְרַיִם, so ᵐ5 Dr Bu Kit HPS [compare Th We]), 2 Samuel 7:10; 2 Kings 17:20; Psalm 94:5; Isaiah 60:14; Zephaniah 3:19; dynasty of David Psalm 89:23.

2 humble, a woman by cohabitation, Genesis 34:2 (J) Deuteronomy 21:14; Deuteronomy 22:24,29; Judges 19:24; Judges 20:5; 2 Samuel 13:12,14,22,32; Ezekiel 22:10,11; Lamentations 5:11.

3 afflict as a discipline (God agent) Deuteronomy 8:2,3,16; 1 Kings 11:39; Psalm 88:8; Psalm 90:15; Psalm 119:75; Isaiah 64:11; Nahum 1:12 (twice in verse); Lamentations 3:33.

4 humble, weaken, object כֹּחַ Psalm 102:24; משׁפט Job 37:23 (compare Talmud עִנָּה דִּין); נֶפֶשׁ oneself, by fasting Leviticus 16:29,31; Leviticus 23:27,32; Numbers 29:7 (P) Psalm 35:13; Isaiah 58:3,5; by an oath Numbers 30:14 (P).

Pu`al Perfect1singular עֻנֵּיתִי Psalm 119:71; Imperfect3feminine singular תְּעֻנֶּה Leviticus 23:29; Infinitive construct suffix עֻנּוֺתוֺ Psalm 132:1; Participle מְעֻנֶּה Isaiah 53:4; —

1 be afflicted, in discipline by God Psalm 119:71; Psalm 132:1; Isaiah 53:4.

2 be humbled by fasting Leviticus 23:29 (P).

Hiph`il Imperfect2masculine singular suffix תַּעֲנֵם 1 Kings 8:35 2Chronicles 6:26 afflict, in discipline.

Hithpa`el Perfect3masculine singular הִתְעַנָּה 1 Kings 2:26; 2masculine singular תִתְעַנִּיתָ 1 Kings 2:26; Imperfect3masculine plural יִתְעַנּוּ Psalm 107:17; Imperative הִתְעַנִּי Genesis 16:9; Infinitive construct הִתְעַנּוֺת Ezekiel 8:21; Daniel 10:12; —

1 humble oneself (with תַּחַת יָדֶיהָ) Genesis 16:9 (J).

2 be afflicted, by men 1 Kings 2:26 (twice in verse); by God in discipline Psalm 107:17.

3 humble oneself in fasting Ezra 8:21; Daniel 10:12.

II. ענה (√ of following; see Biblical Hebrew III. ענה, עָנָו, עָנִי).

abase self, defile

A primitive root (possibly rather ident. With anah through the idea of looking down or browbeating); to depress literally or figuratively, transitive or intransitive (in various applications, as follows) -- abase self, afflict(-ion, self), answer (by mistake for anah), chasten self, deal hardly with, defile, exercise, force, gentleness, humble (self), hurt, ravish, sing (by mistake for anah), speak (by mistake for anah), submit self, weaken, X in any wise.

see HEBREW anah

see HEBREW anah

see HEBREW anah

see HEBREW anah

אֲעַנֵּ֖ךְ אֶ֭עֱנֶה אענה אענך הִתְעַנִּ֔יתָ הִתְעַנָּ֖ה התענה התענית וְֽיַעֲנֵם֮ וְהִתְעַנִּ֖י וְעִ֨נִּתִ֔ךְ וְעִנִּיתֶ֖ם וְעִנּ֣וּ וְעִנּ֥וּ וְעִנּוּ־ וְעַנּ֣וּ וַֽאעַנֶּ֛ה וַֽיְעַנְּךָ֮ וַיְעַנֵּ֑נִי וַיְעַנֵּ֔ם וַיְעַנֶּ֔הָ וַיְעַנֶּֽהָ׃ וַיְעַנּ֑וּנוּ וַעֲנֹתְךָ֖ וַתְּעַנֶּ֣הָ וּלְהִתְעַנּ֛וֹת וּמְעֻנֶּֽה׃ וּתְעַנֵּ֖נוּ ואענה והתעני ויענה ויענה׃ ויענונו ויענך ויענם ויענני ולהתענות ומענה׃ וענו וענו־ ועניתם וענתך ותענה ותעננו יְעַנֶּֽה׃ יְעַנֶּֽנּוּ׃ יְעַנּ֣וּ יְעַנּֽוּ׃ יִתְעַנּֽוּ׃ יַֽעֲנֶ֑ה יַעֲנ֖וּ יענה יענה׃ יענו יענו׃ יעננו׃ יתענו׃ לְהִתְעַנּ֖וֹת לְעַנֹּ֣ת לְעַנֹּת֑וֹ לְעַנּ֑וֹת לְעַנּוֹת֔וֹ לְעַנּוֹתֶֽךָ׃ לֵעָנֹ֖ת לַעֲנ֥וֹת להתענות לענות לענותו לענותך׃ לענת לענתו מְעַנַּ֔יִךְ מְעַנַּ֖יִךְ מַעֲנֶ֖ה מענה מעניך נַעֲנֵ֥יתִי נַעֲנֶה֮ נַעֲנָ֖ה נענה נעניתי עִנִּ֥ינוּ עִנִּ֥יתָ עִנִּיתָ֑נוּ עִנִּיתָֽהּ׃ עִנִּיתָֽנִי׃ עִנֵּ֣יתִי עִנָּ֔ה עִנָּ֔הּ עִנָּ֖ה עִנָּה֙ עִנָּה־ עִנּ֔וּ עִנּ֖וּ עִנּ֣וּ עִנּוּ־ עַנֵּ֥ה עַנֹּֽתְךָ֗ עַנֹּֽתְךָ֜ עַנֹּת֔וֹ עַנֹּת֖וֹ עַנּ֥וֹת עָנִ֥יתִי עֻנֵּ֑יתִי עֻנּוֹתֽוֹ׃ ענה ענה־ ענו ענו־ ענות ענותו׃ ענינו ענית עניתה׃ עניתי עניתנו עניתני׃ ענתו ענתך תְּעַנֵּ֔נִי תְּעַנֶּ֣ה תְּעַנּ֣וּ תְעַנֶּ֖ה תְעַנּֽוּן׃ תְעֻנֶּ֔ה תַעֲנֵֽם׃ תענה תענו תענון׃ תענם׃ תענני ‘ā·nî·ṯî ‘an·nêh ‘an·nō·ṯə·ḵā ‘an·nō·ṯōw ‘an·nō·wṯ ‘ānîṯî ‘annêh ‘annōṯəḵā ‘annōṯōw ‘annōwṯ ‘in·nāh ‘in·nāh- ‘in·nê·ṯî ‘in·nî·nū ‘in·nî·ṯā ‘in·nî·ṯā·nî ‘in·nî·ṯā·nū ‘in·nî·ṯāh ‘in·nū ‘in·nū- ‘innāh ‘innāh- ‘innêṯî ‘innînū ‘innîṯā ‘innîṯāh ‘innîṯānî ‘innîṯānū ‘innū ‘innū- ‘un·nê·ṯî ‘un·nō·w·ṯōw ‘unnêṯî ‘unnōwṯōw ’ă‘annêḵ ’ă·‘an·nêḵ ’e‘ĕneh ’e·‘ĕ·neh aanNech aNiti anNeh anNot annoteCha annoTo Eeneh hiṯ‘annāh hiṯ‘annîṯā hiṯ·‘an·nāh hiṯ·‘an·nî·ṯā hitanNah hitanNita inNah inNeiti inNinu inNita inniTah inniTani inniTanu inNu la‘ănōwṯ la·‘ă·nō·wṯ laaNot lə‘annōṯ lə‘annōṯōw lə‘annōwṯ lə‘annōwṯeḵā lə‘annōwṯōw lê‘ānōṯ lê·‘ā·nōṯ lə·‘an·nō·ṯōw lə·‘an·nō·w·ṯe·ḵā lə·‘an·nō·w·ṯōw lə·‘an·nō·wṯ lə·‘an·nōṯ lə·hiṯ·‘an·nō·wṯ leanNot leannoTecha leannoTo leaNot ləhiṯ‘annōwṯ lehitanNot ma‘ăneh ma·‘ă·neh maaNeh mə‘annayiḵ mə·‘an·na·yiḵ meanNayich na‘ănāh na‘ăneh na‘ănêṯî na·‘ă·nāh na·‘ă·nê·ṯî na·‘ă·neh naaNah naaNeh naaNeiti ṯa‘ănêm ṯa·‘ă·nêm taaNem tə‘anneh ṯə‘anneh tə‘annênî tə‘annū ṯə‘annūn ṯə‘unneh tə·‘an·nê·nî tə·‘an·neh ṯə·‘an·neh tə·‘an·nū ṯə·‘an·nūn ṯə·‘un·neh teanNeh teanNeni teanNu teanNun teunNeh ū·lə·hiṯ·‘an·nō·wṯ ū·mə·‘un·neh ū·ṯə·‘an·nê·nū ūləhiṯ‘annōwṯ ulehitanNot ūmə‘unneh umeunNeh unNeiti unnoTo ūṯə‘annênū uteanNenu vaanNeh vaanoteCha vatteanNeha vayanneCha vayanNeha vayanNem vayanNeni vayanNunu veanNu vehitanNi veinniTem veInniTich veinNu veyaaNem wa‘anneh wa‘ănōṯəḵā wa·‘ă·nō·ṯə·ḵā wa·‘an·neh wat·tə·‘an·ne·hā wattə‘annehā way‘annehā way‘annəḵā way‘annêm way‘annênî way‘annūnū way·‘an·ne·hā way·‘an·nə·ḵā way·‘an·nê·nî way·‘an·nêm way·‘an·nū·nū wə‘annū wə‘innîṯem wə‘inniṯiḵ wə‘innū wə‘innū- wə·‘an·nū wə·‘in·nî·ṯem wə·‘in·ni·ṯiḵ wə·‘in·nū wə·‘in·nū- wə·hiṯ·‘an·nî wə·ya·‘ă·nêm wəhiṯ‘annî wəya‘ănêm ya‘ăneh ya‘ănū ya·‘ă·neh ya·‘ă·nū yaaNeh yaaNu yə‘anneh yə‘annennū yə‘annū yə·‘an·neh yə·‘an·nen·nū yə·‘an·nū yeanNeh yeanNennu yeanNu yiṯ‘annū yiṯ·‘an·nū yitanNuInterlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel Texts