Verse (Click for Chapter) New International Version So they set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath Arba (that is, Hebron) in the hill country of Judah. New Living Translation The following cities were designated as cities of refuge: Kedesh of Galilee, in the hill country of Naphtali; Shechem, in the hill country of Ephraim; and Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron), in the hill country of Judah. English Standard Version So they set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, and Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the hill country of Judah. Berean Standard Bible So they set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the hill country of Judah. King James Bible And they appointed Kedesh in Galilee in mount Naphtali, and Shechem in mount Ephraim, and Kirjatharba, which is Hebron, in the mountain of Judah. New King James Version So they appointed Kedesh in Galilee, in the mountains of Naphtali, Shechem in the mountains of Ephraim, and Kirjath Arba (which is Hebron) in the mountains of Judah. New American Standard Bible So they set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, and Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the hill country of Judah. NASB 1995 So they set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali and Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the hill country of Judah. NASB 1977 So they set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali and Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the hill country of Judah. Legacy Standard Bible So they set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali and Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim and Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the hill country of Judah. Amplified Bible So they set apart and consecrated Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, and Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the hill country of Judah. Christian Standard Bible So they designated Kedesh in the hill country of Naphtali in Galilee, Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the hill country of Judah. Holman Christian Standard Bible So they designated Kedesh in the hill country of Naphtali in Galilee, Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the hill country of Judah. American Standard Version And they set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill-country of Naphtali, and Shechem in the hill-country of Ephraim, and Kiriath-arba (the same is Hebron) in the hill-country of Judah. Contemporary English Version The Israelites decided that the following three towns west of the Jordan River would be Safe Towns: Kedesh in Galilee in Naphtali's hill country, Shechem in Ephraim's hill country, and Kiriath-Arba in Judah's hill country. Kiriath-Arba is now called Hebron. English Revised Version And they set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, and Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath-arba (the same is Hebron) in the hill country of Judah. GOD'S WORD® Translation Kedesh in Galilee in the mountains of Naphtali, Shechem in the mountains of Ephraim, and Kiriath Arba (now called Hebron) in the mountains of Judah were chosen as cities of refuge. Good News Translation So, on the west side of the Jordan they set aside Kedesh in Galilee, in the hill country of Naphtali; Shechem, in the hill country of Ephraim; and Hebron, in the hill country of Judah. International Standard Version So they set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath-arba (also known as Hebron) in the hill country of Judah. Majority Standard Bible So they set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the hill country of Judah. NET Bible So they selected Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath Arba (that is, Hebron) in the hill country of Judah. New Heart English Bible They set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath Arba (that is, Hebron) in the hill country of Judah. Webster's Bible Translation And they appointed Kedesh in Galilee in mount Naphtali, and Shechem in mount Ephraim, and Kirjath-arba, (which is Hebron) in the mountain of Judah. World English Bible They set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath Arba (also called Hebron) in the hill country of Judah. Literal Translations Literal Standard VersionAnd they sanctify Kedesh in Galilee, in the hill-country of Naphtali, and Shechem in the hill-country of Ephraim, and Kirjath-Arba (it [is] Hebron), in the hill-country of Judah; Young's Literal Translation And they sanctify Kedesh in Galilee, in the hill-country of Naphtali, and Shechem in the hill-country of Ephraim, and Kirjath-Arba (it is Hebron), in the hill-country of Judah; Smith's Literal Translation And they will consecrate Kadesh in Galilee in mount Naphtali, and Shechem in mount Ephraim, and the city of Arba (this in Hebron) in mount Judah. Catholic Translations Douay-Rheims BibleAnd they appointed Cedes in Galilee of mount Nephtali, and Sichem in mount Ephraim, and Cariath-Arbe, the same is Hebron in the mountain of Juda. Catholic Public Domain Version And they decreed Kedesh in Galilee, at mount Naphtali, and Shechem, at mount Ephraim, and Kiriath-Arba, which is Hebron, at mount Judah. New American Bible So they set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the mountain region of Naphtali, Shechem in the mountain region of Ephraim, and Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the mountain region of Judah. New Revised Standard Version So they set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, and Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the hill country of Judah. Translations from Aramaic Lamsa BibleSo they set apart these cities for the places of refuge: Rakim in Galilee in mount Naphtali, and Shechem in mount Ephraim, and Koriath-arba, which is Hebron, in the mountain of Judah. Peshitta Holy Bible Translated Then they set apart these cities for a place of refuge: Raqem which is in Galilee, which is on the Hill of Naphtali and Shekeem, that is on the Hill of Aphreim and Quryath Arba, which is Khebrun which is on the Hill of Yehuda OT Translations JPS Tanakh 1917And they set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill-country of Naphtali, and Shechem in the hill-country of Ephraim, and Kiriath-arba--the same is Hebron--in the hill-country of Judah. Brenton Septuagint Translation And Joshua separated Cades in Galilee in the mount Nephthali, and Sychem in the mount Ephraim, and the city of Arboc; this is Chebron, in the mountain of Juda. Additional Translations ... Audio Bible Context Six Cities of Refuge…6He is to stay in that city until he stands trial before the assembly and until the death of the high priest serving at that time. Then the manslayer may return to his own home in the city from which he fled.” 7So they set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the hill country of Judah. 8And beyond the Jordan, east of Jericho, they designated Bezer on the wilderness plateau from the tribe of Reuben, Ramoth in Gilead from the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan from the tribe of Manasseh.… Cross References Deuteronomy 4:41-43 Then Moses set aside three cities across the Jordan to the east / to which a manslayer could flee after killing his neighbor unintentionally without prior malice. To save one’s own life, he could flee to one of these cities: / Bezer in the wilderness on the plateau belonging to the Reubenites, Ramoth in Gilead belonging to the Gadites, or Golan in Bashan belonging to the Manassites. Numbers 35:9-15 Then the LORD said to Moses, / “Speak to the Israelites and tell them: When you cross the Jordan into the land of Canaan, / designate cities to serve as your cities of refuge, so that a person who kills someone unintentionally may flee there. ... Deuteronomy 19:1-13 When the LORD your God has cut off the nations whose land He is giving you, and when you have driven them out and settled in their cities and houses, / then you are to set apart for yourselves three cities within the land that the LORD your God is giving you to possess. / You are to build roads for yourselves and divide into three regions the land that the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance, so that any manslayer can flee to these cities. ... Exodus 21:13 If, however, he did not lie in wait, but God allowed it to happen, then I will appoint for you a place where he may flee. Hebrews 6:18 Thus by two unchangeable things in which it is impossible for God to lie, we who have fled to take hold of the hope set before us may be strongly encouraged. Numbers 35:6 Six of the cities you give the Levites are to be appointed as cities of refuge, to which a manslayer may flee. In addition to these, give the Levites forty-two other cities. 1 Chronicles 6:54-81 Now these were the territories assigned to the descendants of Aaron from the Kohathite clan for their settlements, because the first lot fell to them: / They were given Hebron in the land of Judah and its surrounding pasturelands. / But the fields and villages around the city were given to Caleb son of Jephunneh. ... Acts 2:21 And everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.’ Psalm 46:1 For the choirmaster. Of the sons of Korah. According to Alamoth. A song. God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in times of trouble. Isaiah 4:6 a shelter to give shade from the heat by day, and a refuge and hiding place from the storm and the rain. Matthew 5:21-22 You have heard that it was said to the ancients, ‘Do not murder’ and ‘Anyone who murders will be subject to judgment.’ / But I tell you that anyone who is angry with his brother will be subject to judgment. Again, anyone who says to his brother, ‘Raca,’ will be subject to the Sanhedrin. But anyone who says, ‘You fool!’ will be subject to the fire of hell. Romans 8:1 Therefore, there is now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus. Galatians 3:28 There is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus. Colossians 3:11 Here there is no Greek or Jew, circumcised or uncircumcised, barbarian, Scythian, slave, or free, but Christ is all and is in all. 1 John 1:9 If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness. Treasury of Scripture And they appointed Kedesh in Galilee in mount Naphtali, and Shechem in mount Ephraim, and Kirjatharba, which is Hebron, in the mountain of Judah. appointed [heb] sanctified Joshua 21:32 And out of the tribe of Naphtali, Kedesh in Galilee with her suburbs, to be a city of refuge for the slayer; and Hammothdor with her suburbs, and Kartan with her suburbs; three cities. 1 Chronicles 6:76 And out of the tribe of Naphtali; Kedesh in Galilee with her suburbs, and Hammon with her suburbs, and Kirjathaim with her suburbs. Shechem Joshua 21:21 For they gave them Shechem with her suburbs in mount Ephraim, to be a city of refuge for the slayer; and Gezer with her suburbs, Genesis 33:18,19 And Jacob came to Shalem, a city of Shechem, which is in the land of Canaan, when he came from Padanaram; and pitched his tent before the city… 2 Chronicles 10:1 And Rehoboam went to Shechem: for to Shechem were all Israel come to make him king. Kirjath-arba Joshua 14:15 And the name of Hebron before was Kirjatharba; which Arba was a great man among the Anakims. And the land had rest from war. Joshua 21:11,13 And they gave them the city of Arba the father of Anak, which city is Hebron, in the hill country of Judah, with the suburbs thereof round about it… mountain Luke 1:39 And Mary arose in those days, and went into the hill country with haste, into a city of Juda; Jump to Previous Apart Appointed Arba Country Ephraim E'phraim Hallowed Hebron Hill Hill-Country Judah Kedesh Kiriath Kiriath-Arba Kir'iath-Ar'ba Kirjatharba Kirjath-Arba Mount Mountain Naphtali Naph'tali Sanctify Selection ShechemJump to Next Apart Appointed Arba Country Ephraim E'phraim Hallowed Hebron Hill Hill-Country Judah Kedesh Kiriath Kiriath-Arba Kir'iath-Ar'ba Kirjatharba Kirjath-Arba Mount Mountain Naphtali Naph'tali Sanctify Selection ShechemJoshua 20 1. God commands7. and the children of Israel appoint the six cities of refuge So they set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali Kedesh was designated as one of the cities of refuge, a place where individuals who committed unintentional manslaughter could seek asylum. Located in the region of Galilee, Kedesh was in the tribal territory of Naphtali. This area was known for its fertile land and strategic location. The setting apart of Kedesh highlights the importance of justice and mercy in Israelite society, providing a safe haven for those seeking protection from avengers of blood. The concept of cities of refuge is a precursor to the grace offered through Christ, who provides refuge for sinners. Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim and Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the hill country of Judah Persons / Places / Events 1. Kedesh in GalileeA city in the territory of Naphtali, designated as a city of refuge. It was a place where those who committed unintentional manslaughter could seek asylum. 2. Shechem Located in the hill country of Ephraim, Shechem was another city of refuge. It held historical significance as a place of covenant renewal and worship. 3. Kiriath-arba (Hebron) Situated in the hill country of Judah, Hebron was a city of refuge and also known for its association with the patriarchs, particularly Abraham. 4. Hill Country The geographical setting of these cities, emphasizing their strategic and accessible locations for those seeking refuge. 5. Cities of Refuge Instituted by God through Moses, these cities provided protection for individuals who accidentally caused the death of another, allowing them to escape the avenger of blood until a fair trial. Teaching Points God's Provision for Justice and MercyThe cities of refuge illustrate God's balance of justice and mercy, providing a system that protects the innocent while ensuring accountability. Accessibility of Refuge The strategic locations of these cities remind us of the accessibility of God's grace and forgiveness through Christ, who is our ultimate refuge. Community Responsibility The establishment of these cities required community involvement, teaching us the importance of creating environments where justice and mercy prevail. Symbolism of Refuge in Christ Just as the cities offered physical safety, Christ offers spiritual refuge and salvation, inviting us to find safety in Him. Historical and Spiritual Legacy The cities of refuge serve as a historical reminder of God's care for His people and a spiritual metaphor for the refuge we find in Jesus.Verse 7. - And they appointed. The original, which, strange to say, the LXX. and Vulgate, as well as our version, have neglected to render, is sanctified (heiligten, Luther). The selection is itself a proof that our author knew well what he was writing about. It is not likely that in the later times of Jewish history, when the law had been forgotten (2 Kings 22:8) and its precepts had long been in abeyance, that the institution of the city of refuge remained in full force. But we find three cities selected on each side of Jordan. Those on the west were in the tribe of Naphtali on the north, of Ephraim in the centre, and of Judah in the south. The same is the case with those on the other side Jordan. Thus every little detail of the narrative, when closely scrutinised, does but show more entirely how free this narrative is from the reproach so hastily cast upon it of being a loose and inaccurate compilation, attempted by a man who had not the slightest literary fitness for the task he had undertaken. A corroboration of this view may be found in the fact that all these cities were Levitical cities. Thus, as the crime of homicide was looked upon under the Mosaic law as a crime apart from all other crimes, inasmuch as it was an offence against the life which was God's gift, and man, who was God's image, so the offender who pleaded extenuating circumstances for his offence was placed, until his trial could be held, under the special protection of the Divine law. For "the priest's lips should keep knowledge, and men should seek the law at his mouth." It was the special privilege of the tribe of Levi to possess the "key of knowledge." It was to them that the duty of ascertaining the wilt of God by Urim and Thummim was assigned (Numbers 27:21). Thus a special acquaintance with the law (Deuteronomy 33:8), and a special fitness for deciding the difficult questions sometimes arising out of it, would naturally be found in the elders of those cities which had been set apart as cities of refuge. In Galilee. Hebrew, Hag-Galil, the circle. Here we have the masculine, as in Joshua 13:2; 17:17; 22:10, 11, the feminine form. This is the first place in Scripture in which the word Galil, or Galilee, is applied to this region. Gesenius regards it as having been originally a district of twenty towns round Kedesh in Naphtali. Such a region of twenty towns is mentioned in 1 Kings 9:11 (see also Isaiah 8:23; or, Isaiah 9:1 in our version). Kedesh has already been noticed (see also Joshua 21:32). Parallel Commentaries ... Hebrew So they set apartוַיַּקְדִּ֜שׁוּ (way·yaq·di·šū) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural Strong's 6942: To be set apart or consecrated Kedesh קֶ֤דֶשׁ (qe·ḏeš) Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 6943: Kedesh -- 'sanctuary', the name of several places in Israel in Galilee בַּגָּלִיל֙ (bag·gā·lîl) Preposition-b, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 1551: Galilee -- a cylinder, rod, circuit, district, also a district in Palestine in the hill country בְּהַ֣ר (bə·har) Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 2022: Mountain, hill, hill country of Naphtali, נַפְתָּלִ֔י (nap̄·tā·lî) Noun - proper - masculine singular Strong's 5321: Naphtali -- a son of Jacob, also his descendants and the district settled by them Shechem שְׁכֶ֖ם (šə·ḵem) Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 7927: Shechem -- 'ridge', a district in Northern Palestine, also a son of Hamor in the hill country בְּהַ֣ר (bə·har) Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 2022: Mountain, hill, hill country of Ephraim, אֶפְרָ֑יִם (’ep̄·rā·yim) Noun - proper - masculine singular Strong's 669: Ephraim -- a son of Joseph, also his descendants and their territory and Kiriath-arba אַרְבַּ֛ע (’ar·ba‘) Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 7153: Kiriath-arba -- 'city of the four', an older name of Hebron (that is, הִ֥יא (hî) Pronoun - third person feminine singular Strong's 1931: He, self, the same, this, that, as, are Hebron) חֶבְר֖וֹן (ḥeḇ·rō·wn) Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 2275: Hebron -- 'association, league', a city in southern Judah in the hill country בְּהַ֥ר (bə·har) Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 2022: Mountain, hill, hill country of Judah. יְהוּדָֽה׃ (yə·hū·ḏāh) Noun - proper - masculine singular Strong's 3063: Judah -- 'praised', a son of Jacob, also the southern kingdom, also four Israelites Links Joshua 20:7 NIVJoshua 20:7 NLT Joshua 20:7 ESV Joshua 20:7 NASB Joshua 20:7 KJV Joshua 20:7 BibleApps.com Joshua 20:7 Biblia Paralela Joshua 20:7 Chinese Bible Joshua 20:7 French Bible Joshua 20:7 Catholic Bible OT History: Joshua 20:7 They set apart Kedesh in Galilee (Josh. Jos) |