1 Chronicles 2:18 Caleb son of Hezron had children by his wife Azubah and by Jerioth. These were the sons of Azubah: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

Bible > 1 Chronicles > Chapter 2 > Verse 18

◄ 1 Chronicles 2:18 ►

New International Version
Caleb son of Hezron had children by his wife Azubah (and by Jerioth). These were her sons: Jesher, Shobab and Ardon.

New Living Translation
Hezron’s son Caleb had sons from his wife Azubah and from Jerioth. Her sons were named Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

English Standard Version
Caleb the son of Hezron fathered children by his wife Azubah, and by Jerioth; and these were her sons: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

Berean Standard Bible
Caleb son of Hezron had children by his wife Azubah and by Jerioth. These were the sons of Azubah: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

King James Bible
And Caleb the son of Hezron begat children of Azubah his wife, and of Jerioth: her sons are these; Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon.

New King James Version
Caleb the son of Hezron had children by Azubah, his wife, and by Jerioth. Now these were her sons: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

New American Standard Bible
Now Caleb the son of Hezron had sons by Azubah his wife, and by Jerioth; and these were her sons: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

NASB 1995
Now Caleb the son of Hezron had sons by Azubah his wife, and by Jerioth; and these were her sons: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

NASB 1977
Now Caleb the son of Hezron had sons by Azubah his wife, and by Jerioth; and these were her sons: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

Legacy Standard Bible
Now Caleb the son of Hezron became a father by Azubah his wife, and by Jerioth; and these were her sons: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

Amplified Bible
And Caleb the son of Hezron had sons by his wife Azubah and by Jerioth. Azubah’s sons were: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

Christian Standard Bible
Caleb son of Hezron had children by his wife Azubah and by Jerioth. These were Azubah’s sons: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Caleb son of Hezron had children by his wife Azubah and by Jerioth. These were Azubah’s sons: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

American Standard Version
And Caleb the son of Hezron begat children of Azubah his wife, and of Jerioth; and these were her sons: Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon.

Contemporary English Version
Hezron's son Caleb married Azubah, and their daughter was Jerioth, the mother of Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

English Revised Version
And Caleb the son of Hezron begat children of Azubah his wife, and of Jerioth: and these were her sons; Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Hezron's son was Caleb. Caleb and his wife Azubah had a son named Jerioth. Her other sons were Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

Good News Translation
Hezron's son Caleb married Azubah and had a daughter named Jerioth. She had three sons: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

International Standard Version
Hezron's son Caleb had children by his wife Azubah and by Jerioth. These were her sons: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

Majority Standard Bible
Caleb son of Hezron had children by his wife Azubah and by Jerioth. These were the sons of Azubah: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

NET Bible
Caleb son of Hezron fathered sons by his wife Azubah (also known as Jerioth). Her sons were Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

New Heart English Bible
Caleb the son of Hezron had sons by his wife Azubah, and by Jerioth; and these were her sons: Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon.

Webster's Bible Translation
And Caleb the son of Hezron begat children of Azubah his wife, and of Jerioth: her sons are these; Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon.

World English Bible
Caleb the son of Hezron became the father of children by Azubah his wife, and by Jerioth; and these were her sons: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

Literal Translations

Literal Standard Version
And Caleb son of Hezron has begotten Azubah, Isshah, and Jerioth; and these [are] her sons: Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon.

Young's Literal Translation
And Caleb son of Hezron hath begotten Azubah, Isshah, and Jerioth; and these are her sons: Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon.

Smith's Literal Translation
And Caleb son of Hezron begat of Azubah the wife, and of Jerioth: and these her sons: Jesher and Shobab and Ardon.

Catholic Translations

Douay-Rheims Bible
And Caleb the son of Hesron took a wife named Azuba, of whom he had Jerioth: and her sons were Jaser, and Sobab, and Ardon.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Truly, Caleb, the son of Hezron, took a wife named Azubah, of whom he conceived Jerioth. And her sons were Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon.

New American Bible
By his wife Azubah, Caleb, son of Hezron, became the father of a daughter, Jerioth. Her sons were Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

New Revised Standard Version
Caleb son of Hezron had children by his wife Azubah, and by Jerioth; these were her sons: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

Translations from Aramaic

Lamsa Bible
And Caleb the son of Hezron begat Jedioth of Arubah his wife, and these were her sons: Asher, Jobab, and Adon.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And Kalab, son of Khetsron, begot from Aruba his wife, Idiuth, and these are her sons: Dakar, Ashir and Shubab and Aduun.

OT Translations

JPS Tanakh 1917
And Caleb the son of Hezron begot children of Azubah his wife--and of Jerioth--and these were her sons: Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And Chaleb the son of Esrom took Gazuba to wife, and Jerioth: and these were her sons; Jasar, and Subab, and Ardon.

Additional Translations ...

Audio Bible

Context

The Sons of Israel
…17Abigail was the mother of Amasa, whose father was Jether the Ishmaelite. 18Caleb son of Hezron had children by his wife Azubah and by Jerioth. These were the sons of Azubah: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon. 19When Azubah died, Caleb married Ephrath, who bore to him Hur.…

Berean Standard Bible · Download

Cross References

Ruth 4:19-22
Hezron was the father of Ram, Ram was the father of Amminadab, / Amminadab was the father of Nahshon, Nahshon was the father of Salmon, / Salmon was the father of Boaz, Boaz was the father of Obed, ...

Matthew 1:3-6
Judah was the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez the father of Hezron, and Hezron the father of Ram. / Ram was the father of Amminadab, Amminadab the father of Nahshon, and Nahshon the father of Salmon. / Salmon was the father of Boaz by Rahab, Boaz the father of Obed by Ruth, Obed the father of Jesse, ...

Luke 3:31-34
the son of Melea, the son of Menna, the son of Mattatha, the son of Nathan, the son of David, / the son of Jesse, the son of Obed, the son of Boaz, the son of Sala, the son of Nahshon, / the son of Amminadab, the son of Admin, the son of Arni, the son of Hezron, the son of Perez, the son of Judah, ...

1 Samuel 16:1
Now the LORD said to Samuel, “How long are you going to mourn for Saul, since I have rejected him as king over Israel? Fill your horn with oil and go. I am sending you to Jesse of Bethlehem, for I have selected from his sons a king for Myself.”

2 Samuel 2:4
Then the men of Judah came to Hebron, and there they anointed David king over the house of Judah. And they told David, “It was the men of Jabesh-gilead who buried Saul.”

2 Samuel 5:1-3
Then all the tribes of Israel came to David at Hebron and said, “Here we are, your own flesh and blood. / Even in times past, while Saul was king over us, you were the one who led Israel out and brought them back. And to you the LORD said, ‘You will shepherd My people Israel, and you will be ruler over them.’” / So all the elders of Israel came to the king at Hebron, where King David made with them a covenant before the LORD. And they anointed him king over Israel.

1 Kings 2:11
The length of David’s reign over Israel was forty years—seven years in Hebron and thirty-three years in Jerusalem.

1 Chronicles 3:1-4
These were the sons of David who were born to him in Hebron: The firstborn was Amnon by Ahinoam of Jezreel; the second was Daniel by Abigail of Carmel; / the third was Absalom the son of Maacah daughter of King Talmai of Geshur; the fourth was Adonijah the son of Haggith; / the fifth was Shephatiah by Abital; and the sixth was Ithream by his wife Eglah. ...

1 Chronicles 4:1
The descendants of Judah: Perez, Hezron, Carmi, Hur, and Shobal.

1 Chronicles 11:1-3
Then all Israel came together to David at Hebron and said, “Here we are, your own flesh and blood. / Even in times past, while Saul was king, you were the one who led Israel out and brought them back. And the LORD your God said, ‘You will shepherd My people Israel, and you will be ruler over them.’” / So all the elders of Israel came to the king at Hebron, where David made a covenant with them before the LORD. And they anointed him king over Israel, according to the word of the LORD through Samuel.

1 Chronicles 12:23-40
Now these are the numbers of men armed for battle who came to David at Hebron to turn Saul’s kingdom over to him, in accordance with the word of the LORD: / From Judah: 6,800 armed troops bearing shields and spears. / From Simeon: 7,100 mighty men of valor, ready for battle. ...

1 Chronicles 28:4
Yet the LORD, the God of Israel, chose me out of all my father’s house to be king over Israel forever. For He chose Judah as leader, and from the house of Judah He chose my father’s household, and from my father’s sons He was pleased to make me king over all Israel.

2 Chronicles 10:17
but Rehoboam still reigned over the Israelites living in the cities of Judah.

Psalm 78:68-72
But He chose the tribe of Judah, Mount Zion, which He loved. / He built His sanctuary like the heights, like the earth He has established forever. / He chose David His servant and took him from the sheepfolds; ...

Isaiah 11:1
Then a shoot will spring up from the stump of Jesse, and a Branch from his roots will bear fruit.

Treasury of Scripture

And Caleb the son of Hezron begat children of Azubah his wife, and of Jerioth: her sons are these; Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon.

1 Chronicles 2:9
The sons also of Hezron, that were born unto him; Jerahmeel, and Ram, and Chelubai.

Chelubai.

1 Chronicles 2:42
Now the sons of Caleb the brother of Jerahmeel were, Mesha his firstborn, which was the father of Ziph; and the sons of Mareshah the father of Hebron.

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1 Chronicles 2

1. The sons of Israel.
3. The posterity of Judah by Tamar.
13. The children of Jesse.
18. The posterity of Caleb the son of Hezron.
21. Hezron's posterity by the daughter of Machir.
25. Jerahmeel's posterity.
34. Sheshan's posterity.
42. Another branch of Caleb's posterity.
50. The posterity of Caleb the son of Hur.

Berean Study Bible

Caleb son of Hezron
The name "Caleb" is derived from the Hebrew word "כָּלֵב" (Kaleb), which can mean "dog" or "faithful, devoted." Caleb is a significant figure in the Bible, known for his unwavering faith and courage, particularly as one of the two spies who trusted in God's promise to deliver the land of Canaan to Israel (Numbers 13-14). Here, Caleb is identified as the son of Hezron, situating him within the genealogical framework of the tribe of Judah. Hezron is a grandson of Judah, making Caleb a direct descendant of one of the twelve tribes of Israel. This lineage underscores the fulfillment of God's promises to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, as Caleb's life and legacy are woven into the broader narrative of God's covenant with His people.

had children by his wife Azubah
The mention of "Azubah" as Caleb's wife highlights the importance of family and lineage in the biblical narrative. The name "Azubah" means "forsaken" or "desolate" in Hebrew, which may reflect a personal account or characteristic, though the text does not elaborate on her life. The phrase "had children" emphasizes the continuation of the family line, a critical aspect of Hebrew culture and theology. Children were seen as a blessing from God and a means of preserving the family name and heritage. This phrase also reflects the biblical theme of God's providence and faithfulness in ensuring the growth and continuity of His chosen people.

and by Jerioth
The inclusion of "Jerioth" introduces another wife or concubine of Caleb, though little is known about her from the biblical text. The name "Jerioth" may mean "tent curtains" or "tent villages," suggesting a connection to nomadic life or a metaphorical reference to her role in the household. The mention of multiple wives is not uncommon in the Old Testament, reflecting the cultural practices of the time. This practice often served to strengthen family ties and alliances, as well as to ensure the continuation of the family line. The presence of Jerioth in the genealogy underscores the complexity and richness of biblical family structures.

These were her sons Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon
The listing of "Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon" as the sons of Caleb through Jerioth provides insight into the genealogical record-keeping of ancient Israel. Each name carries its own meaning and significance. "Jesher" means "upright" or "straight," suggesting a character of integrity or righteousness. "Shobab" means "rebellious" or "backsliding," which could imply a narrative or characteristic associated with his life, though the text does not provide further details. "Ardon" means "ruling" or "subduing," indicating a position of authority or leadership. The inclusion of these names in the genealogy serves to preserve the memory and legacy of Caleb's descendants, highlighting the importance of family and heritage in the biblical narrative. This passage reminds readers of the intricate tapestry of God's people, woven together through generations, each playing a role in the unfolding account of redemption.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(18) And Caleb the son of Hezron begat children of Azubah his wife.--The Heb. text, as it stands, does not say this. The prima facie rendering is, "And Caleb son of Hezron begat Azubah a woman, and Jerioth: and these (are) her sons; Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon." But 1Chronicles 2:19 continues: "And Azubah died, and Caleb took to himself (as wife) Ephrath," which of course suggests that Azubah was not daughter but a former wife of Caleb. 1Chronicles 2:18 has also been translated, "And Caleb son of Hezron caused Azubah a wife and Jerioth to bear children." (Comp. Isaiah 66:9.) It seems best to read, "his wife, daughter of Jerioth ('ishto -bath.Ierioth), instead of the text (ishshah ve'eth Ierioth); and to render: And Caleb son of Hezron begat sons with Azubah daughter of Jerioth" (eth, the particle before Azubah, is ambiguous, and might be either the mere sign of the accusative, or the prep. "with," cum, ????). The Syriac partly supports this version, for it reads: "And Caleb begat of Azubah, his wife, Jerioth," making Jerioth Azubah's daughter. The LXX. has, "And Caleb took Azubah a wife and Jerioth," which only shows that the corruption of the text is ancient.

Pulpit Commentary

Verses 18-20. - (C) Chelubai. The descendants of Caleb (Chelubai), placed third of Hezron's sons, are next dealt with; but the subject is almost immediately interrupted by resumed reference to Hezron (vers. 21-24), and by the table of Jemh-meel and his descendants (vers. 25-41); after which the table of Caleb, apparently the same Caleb, is carried on (vers. 42-49). Taking these broken portions, however, just as they come, we are immediately met by a series of uncertainties and surprises. Ver. 18 is obscure in that it says Caleb had children by Azubah (the Hebrew construction also unusual), a wife, or indeed strictly a woman (not even using the ordinary formula "his wife"), and by Jerioth, of whom nothing is said; and the verse adds obscurity by saying, her sons are these, without plainly indicating to which woman reference is made. It may be safely presumed, however, from what follows, that Azubah is intended, though no other part of Scripture helps us By so much as a mention of the sons' names to determine it certainly. Meantime one Hebrew manuscript and the Chaldee Paraphrase are found to omit the words "and by Jerioth." The Vulgate, and the Syriac and Arabic versions, make Jerioth one of the children - possibly a daughter - of Caleb and Azubah, and this view is supported by Kennicott and Houbigant (Barrington's 'Genealogies,' 1:210). The tone of ver. 19 may certainly he held to offer some countenance to the assumption that either Jerioth's name ought to appear as that of a child or not at all. The name Ephrath in this verse abounds with interest. The ancient name of the town of Bethlehem, and also apparently of a district round it, is the same word which is found here as the name of a woman. In either case it is more generally written אֶפְרָתָה, as even in the two other appearances of it in this very chapter. Two manuscripts, followed by two ancient editions, and apparently by the Vulgate, substitute aleph for the above final he. In Micah 5:1, Bethlehem is found united with Ephratah in one compound word. The mother Ephrath is here interesting for her descendants given, her son Hur, grandson Uri, and great-grandson Bezaleel. Further reference to these is made in ver. 50.

Parallel Commentaries ...

Hebrew

Caleb
וְכָלֵ֣ב (wə·ḵā·lêḇ)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3612: Caleb -- a son of Jephunneh and sent by Moses to spy out the land

son
בֶּן־ (ben-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1121: A son

of Hezron
חֶצְר֗וֹן (ḥeṣ·rō·wn)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 2696: Hezron -- two Israelites, also two places in Judah

had children
הוֹלִ֛יד (hō·w·lîḏ)
Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3205: To bear young, to beget, medically, to act as midwife, to show lineage

by his wife
אִשָּׁ֖ה (’iš·šāh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 802: Woman, wife, female

Azubah
עֲזוּבָ֥ה (‘ă·zū·ḇāh)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 5806: Azubah -- two Israelite women

and by Jerioth.
יְרִיע֑וֹת (yə·rî·‘ō·wṯ)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 3408: Jerioth -- an Israelite woman

These [were]
וְאֵ֣לֶּה (wə·’êl·leh)
Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - common plural
Strong's 428: These, those

the sons of Azubah:
בָנֶ֔יהָ (ḇā·ne·hā)
Noun - masculine plural construct | third person feminine singular
Strong's 1121: A son

Jesher,
יֵ֥שֶׁר (yê·šer)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3475: Jesher -- 'uprightness', a son of Caleb

Shobab,
וְשׁוֹבָ֖ב (wə·šō·w·ḇāḇ)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 7727: Shobab -- two Israelites

and Ardon.
וְאַרְדּֽוֹן׃ (wə·’ar·dō·wn)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 715: Ardon -- a son of Caleb

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OT History: 1 Chronicles 2:18 Caleb the son of Hezron became (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr)