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Nuclear Experiment

arXiv:2001.02852 (nucl-ex)
[Submitted on 9 Jan 2020 (v1), last revised 12 Oct 2021 (this version, v3)]

Title:Non-monotonic energy dependence of net-proton number fluctuations

Authors:STAR Collaboration: J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J. R. Adams, J. K. Adkins, G. Agakishiev, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, I. Alekseev, D. M. Anderson, A. Aparin, E. C. Aschenauer, M. U. Ashraf, F. G. Atetalla, A. Attri, G. S. Averichev, V. Bairathi, K. Barish, A. Behera, R. Bellwied, A. Bhasin, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, L. C. Bland, I. G. Bordyuzhin, J. D. Brandenburg, A. V. Brandin, J. Butterworth, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, I. Chakaberia, P. Chaloupka, B. K. Chan, F-H. Chang, Z. Chang, N. Chankova-Bunzarova, A. Chatterjee, D. Chen, J. H. Chen, X. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, M. Cherney, M. Chevalier, S. Choudhury, W. Christie, H. J. Crawford, M. Csanád, M. Daugherity, T. G. Dedovich, I. M. Deppner, A. A. Derevschikov, L. Didenko, X. Dong, J. L. Drachenberg, J. C. Dunlop, T. Edmonds, N. Elsey, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, R. Esha, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, A. Ewigleben, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, S. Fazio, P. Federic, J. Fedorisin, C. J. Feng, Y. Feng, P. Filip, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, A. Francisco, L. Fulek, C. A. Gagliardi, T. Galatyuk, F. Geurts, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, D. Grosnick, W. Guryn, A. I. Hamad, A. Hamed, J. W. Harris, S. He, W. He, X. He, S. Heppelmann, S. Heppelmann, N. Herrmann, E. Hoffman, L. Holub, Y. Hong, S. Horvat, Y. Hu, H. Z. Huang, S. L. Huang et al. (259 additional authors not shown)  You must enable JavaScript to view entire author list.
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Abstract:Non-monotonic variation with collision energy ($\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$) of the moments of the net-baryon number distribution in heavy-ion collisions, related to the correlation length and the susceptibilities of the system, is suggested as a signature for the Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) critical point. We report the first evidence of a non-monotonic variation in kurtosis times variance of the net-proton number (proxy for net-baryon number) distribution as a function of \rootsnn with 3.1$\sigma$ significance, for head-on (central) gold-on-gold (Au+Au) collisions measured using the STAR detector at RHIC. Data in non-central Au+Au collisions and models of heavy-ion collisions without a critical point show a monotonic variation as a function of $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$.
Comments: 12 Pages, 9 Figures and 5 Tables (published version)
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
Cite as: arXiv:2001.02852 [nucl-ex]
  (or arXiv:2001.02852v3 [nucl-ex] for this version)
  https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2001.02852
Journal reference: Physical Review Letters 126 (2021) 092301
Related DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.092301

Submission history

From: Bedangadas Mohanty Dr. [view email]
[v1] Thu, 9 Jan 2020 06:03:19 UTC (2,906 KB)
[v2] Fri, 31 Jul 2020 17:56:23 UTC (2,903 KB)
[v3] Tue, 12 Oct 2021 04:31:06 UTC (3,224 KB)
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