Intsingiselo yeBhayoloji yeMolekyuli

Umbhali: Mark Sanchez
Umhla Wokudalwa: 7 Eyomqungu 2021
Hlaziya Umhla: 8 Eyomqungu 2025
Anonim
Intsingiselo yeBhayoloji yeMolekyuli - Encyclopedia
Intsingiselo yeBhayoloji yeMolekyuli - Encyclopedia

Umxholo

Yintoni ibhayoloji yemolekyuli:

Imolekyuli yebhayoloji yile uqeqesho lwenzululwazi olufunda iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo, ubume kunye nemisebenzi yezinto eziphilayo kwinqanaba lolwakhiwo lweemolekyuli. Imbali yebhayoloji yeemolekyuli iqala ngo-1953 ngokufunyanwa kwe-nucleic acid ngoochwephesha beemolekyuli uJames Watson (1928) noFrancis Crick (1916 - 2004), abathi thaca ifom yamacala amathathu ezinto zemvelo.

Imolekyuli yebhayoloji luphononongo olujolise kubume beemolekyuli kunye nemisebenzi yazo, ikakhulu izinto zemfuza (iDNA kunye neRNA), kunye neempawu zemfuza ezidluliselwa ukusuka kwisizukulwana ukuya kwisizukulwana, iipateni zeemolekyuli kunye nokudityaniswa kweeproteni kunye nonxibelelwano olwenzeka phakathi I-DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) kunye neRNA (ribonucleic acid).

Ke, le ndawo yokufunda ibandakanya indawo enkulu yezinye izifundo ezinje ngekhemistri, ibhayoloji kwaye ngaphezulu kwako konke, i-genetics kunye ne-biochemistry. I-genetics kunye ne-biology ye-molekyuli ifundisisa ubume nokusebenza kofuzo kunye nolawulo lwee-enzymes kunye nezinye iiproteni, izifundo zebhayoloji ngokwenziwa kwee-enzymes, njl


Ngolwazi oluthe kratya, jonga iitekisi zeDNA kunye neRNA.

Iindlela zebhayoloji yeMolekyuli

Ezinye zeendlela eziyinxalenye yezifundo zebhayoloji yeemolekyuli zezi:

  • Ukuphendula kwetyathanga lePolymerase (PCR): bubuchule obusetyenziselwa ukuphinda phinda imitya ye-DNA kunye nokuhlalutya utshintsho.
  • I-Gel electrophoresis: le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukwahlula i-DNA kunye ne-RNA strands.
  • Indawo esemaZantsiubuchule obenziwa ngendlela ye-autoradiografi okanye i-autofluorescence ukumisela ubunzima beemolekyuli kunye nokuqinisekisa umtya we-DNA.
  • Indawo yaseNtla: obu buchule buvumela ukuhlalutya ulwazi oluvela kumyalezo we-RNA, onoxanduva lokuthumela ulwazi lwe-DNA kulwakhiwo lweeproteni ezikwiiseli.
  • Indawo yaseNtshona: le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukuhlalutya iiproteni kunye nokudibanisa imigaqo-nkqubo yezi ndlela zimbini zikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili.

Imolekyuli kunye neselula biology

I-biology yeseli, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-cell biochemistry kunye ne-cytology, luqeqesho olunxulumene noko lwebhayoloji yemolekyuli enoxanduva lokufunda iziganeko zebhayiloji ezivela kwiiseli, ezinjengepropathi yazo, umjikelo wobomi kunye nendlela ezinxibelelana ngayo nokusingqongileyo.


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