Umxholo
- Iimpawu zomgaqo osemthethweni
- Zikwimeko yelizwe
- Zizinto ezimbini
- Umntu wangaphandle
- Bayanyanzelisa
- Ziqhelekileyo
- Iindidi zezithethe zomthetho
- Imithetho yezomthetho esekwe kumdla wabantu bonke okanye umntu ngamnye
- Imigaqo yocwangco loluntu
- Imigaqo yomyalelo wabucala
- Imigaqo yezomthetho esekwe kwintando yesifundo
- Imithetho enyanzelekileyo
- Imithetho ethintelayo
- Imigaqo yokusebenza
- Imithetho yokutolika
- Imilinganiselo yezomthetho njengoko inyanzeliswa iyonke okanye iklasi ethile yabantu
- Imithetho eqhelekileyo
- Imigaqo yomthetho okhethekileyo
- Ukwahlulahlula ngokokukaHerbert A. Hart (1907-1992)
- Imigangatho yokuqala
- Imigangatho yesibini
- Imigaqo yokutshintshiselana
- Imizekelo yezithethe zomthetho
- Izihloko zomdla
- Izalathiso
Inkqubo ye- imigaqo yomthetho yile mithetho ilawula indlela yokuziphatha koluntu, kwindawo kunye nexesha elinikiweyo, kwaye elineziphumo zomthetho ukuba zaphuliwe. Ngale ndlela, imithetho, imimiselo, izigunyaziso, okanye imimiselo yalo naliphi na igunya lezomthetho okanye lezomthetho ziyinxalenye yesiko elisemthethweni.
Inkqubo yezomthetho yalo naluphi na uluntu iseti yemilinganiselo esemthethweni esekwe kuyo, kwaye ithobela indlela uluntu oluqonda ngayo ubulungisa, indlela yokuyisebenzisa kunye namaziko ekufuneka eyenzile. Zichaziwe kwimigaqo-siseko kazwelonke nakwiikhowudi ezahlukeneyo (zolwaphulo-mthetho, ezentlalo, ezorhwebo, ezorhwebo, njl.
Imigaqo yezomthetho iguquka ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye ngale ndlela, banokuthi batshintshwe okanye basuswe. Eyona njongo yayo iphambili kukuvumela, ukuthintela okanye ukunyanzela isimilo esithile ukuba senziwe, kwaye ukungathotyelwa kuthwala izohlwayo.
Kumazwe apho umthetho ukhona, ubulungisa benziwa ngabantu abakhethwe ukuba benze imigaqo, ngabantu abanoxanduva lokuyinyanzelisa, nangabantu abaphetheyo ngokulawula isohlwayo xa imigaqo ingalandelwa.
Imigaqo yezomthetho isebenza kubo bonke abantu elizweni, kwaye ukungazi kakuhle komntu akumkhululi enetyala.
Iimpawu zomgaqo osemthethweni
Imigaqo yezomthetho ithobela izinto ezithile kwaye iqulethe ubuncinci beempawu ezi-5, esiza kubona ngezantsi.
Zikwimeko yelizwe
Oku kuthetha ukuba kubekwa imimiselo yezomthetho kumntu ovela ngaphandle, evela kwelinye ilizwe (umzekelo, uRhulumente ngeMagna Carta yakhe, okanye ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuziphatha eluntwini).
Zizinto ezimbini
Oku kuthetha ukuba yonke le nkqubo ibandakanya amaqela amabini: ngubani ekufuneka ethobele umgangatho kwaye ngubani ekufuneka eqinisekise ukuba uyathotyelwa.
Umntu wangaphandle
Ngamanye amagama, nokuba siyavumelana nemigaqo okanye hayi, sibotshelelwe yiyo.
Bayanyanzelisa
Ukunyanzeliswa ngumgangatho wokuba imigaqo ithotyelwe ngokumiselwa kwezohlwayo. Oko kukuthi, ukuba asithobeli, siyakufumana isohlwayo.
Nangona yonke imimiselo (inkolo, intlalontle, isimilo) ivelisa isohlwayo esithile-umzekelo, ukwaliwa kwezentlalo sisiphumo sokwaphula imithetho yezentlalo-kuphela yimigaqo yezomthetho enyanzeliswayo ngokwembono yomthetho nolwaphulo-mthetho.
Ziqhelekileyo
Oku kuthetha ukuba umlingiswa ekufuneka i-odolo imiselwe ukuba ilandelwe linani labantu elingagqitywanga (umzekelo, abantu baseSpain, okanye isiHungary, iVenzuelan, iMexico, iBrazil, njl.
Kungenxa yoko le nto kusithiwa xa imeko esemthethweni inyanzelisa isimilo, ikwenza oko ngendlela engaqondakaliyo.
Iindidi zezithethe zomthetho
Zininzi iindlela apho iindlela zomthetho zinokuhlelwa: ezasesidlangalaleni okanye ezabucala, ezinyanzelekileyo okanye ezilahlwayo, kuxhomekeka ekubeni zezazo ziphelele okanye ziziindidi ezithile zabantu ...
Imithetho yezomthetho esekwe kumdla wabantu bonke okanye umntu ngamnye
Ezi ntlobo zimbini zokuqala zibekiweyo ngokwemiba yomdibaniso okanye yomntu ngamnye, nokuba zingahlengahlengiswa zizifundo.
Babhekisa kule mimiselo ivelayo kumdla wabantu bonke kunye nezinto ezilungileyo kubo bonke, ilawula wonke ummandla welizwe kwaye ibandakanye bonke abantu, ngaphandle kokwahlulahlula. Zithathwa njengemithetho ngokubanzi ekufuneka ithotyelwe ngabo bonke abantu.
Zizo ezo kubhekiswa kuzo ezizotywe ngabantu ukulawula iimvumelwano zabo, ezinjengeekhontrakthi.
Imigaqo yezomthetho esekwe kwintando yesifundo
Zizo ezo, njengoko igama labo libonisa, zinyanzela abantu ukuba baqwalasele isimilo esithile, ngaphandle kokuthanda kwezifundo (umzekelo, sonke sinyanzelekile ukuba sihambisane noMgaqo-siseko).
Zezo zithintela okanye zithintele abantu ukuba benze into (umzekelo, ukubulala akuvumelekanga nakweyiphi na imeko).
Zizo ezo ezibeka isimilo esithile ngelixa kungekho ntetho ichazayo ngokuchasene nenxalenye yomntu.
Yimikhwa etolika izicatshulwa zomthetho, zihlala zisekwe kwinto emiselwa ngumthetho.
Imilinganiselo yezomthetho njengoko inyanzeliswa iyonke okanye iklasi ethile yabantu
Zezo zimiselwe wonke umntu (ngaphakathi elizweni). Umzekelo, imithetho yomthetho woluntu.
Zizo ezo zichazwe kwiqela elithile labantu, okanye ubudlelwane bezomthetho. Imithetho ekhethekileyo ilawula indlela yokuziphatha ethile, enje ngomthetho wentengiso okanye werhafu.
Ukwahlulahlula ngokokukaHerbert A. Hart (1907-1992)
Oku kuyahambelana nokuhlelwa okusekwe sisithandi sobulumko esingumNgesi uHerbert Adolphus Hart. Yahlula imilinganiselo kwiziprayimari, ezasesekondari kunye notshintsho.
Kuye, imigaqo esisiseko yezo zilawula ngokubanzi indlela yokuziphatha kwabantu xa zizonke: kungoko, zivumela, zinyanzela kwaye zithintele.
Ezisekondari zezo zibonisa amandla okanye amandla, kuxhomekeke kwimiba eyahlukeneyo yoluntu nakwabucala. Oko kukuthi, abadali zibophelelo kodwa endaweni yoko babonisa amandla.
Imithetho yenguqu yile iseka indlela ekunokuthi irhoxiswe ngayo imigaqo-nkqubo yezomthetho, ngokuyinxenye okanye ngokupheleleyo, indlela ezinokulungiswa ngayo okanye indlela emitsha enokungeniswa ngayo.
Imizekelo yezithethe zomthetho
Imizekelo yezithethe zomthetho yile ilandelayo:
Bonke abemi bakhululekile ukuba basebenzise iinkolo zabo.
-Izenzo ezicalucalula umntu ngokwesini, ibala lolusu okanye inkolo azivumelekanga.
-Akukho mfazi kuya kufuneka angenise iimvavanyo zokukhulelwa kudliwanondlebe lomsebenzi.
Bonke abemi kufuneka bathobele imigaqo yendlela.
Bonke abantu banelungelo lokuhamba ngokukhululekileyo ngaphakathi kommandla wesizwe.
Akuvumelekanga ukuqesha umntu oneeyure ezinde kunezo zichazwe ngumthetho.
Akuvunyelwe ukuqesha abantwana.
Ubusela abuvumelekanga.
Akuvumelekanga ukubulala.
Akuvumelekanga ukuqweqwedisa abantu.
Akuvunyelwe ukuba umntu oneminyaka esemthethweni abe neentlobano zesini nomntu ongaphantsi kobudala okanye ongenabuncinane bobudala obumiselwe imvume yesi senzo.
-Ayivumelekanga ukuthengiswa kweziselo ezinxilisayo kwabo bangenayo iminyaka yobudala esekwe ekuthengeni okufanayo.
Akuvumelekanga ukuqhuba uqhuba unxilile.
-Ukuhanjiswa ngokungekho mthethweni komxholo we-cinematographic akuvumelekanga.
-Kuwumsebenzi ukuhlonipha iisimboli zesizwe.
-Ngumsebenzi ukuthobela imithetho yendlela.
-Ngumsebenzi ukuhlawula irhafu. Ukuphepha oku kululwaphulo-mthetho.
Akukho semthethweni ukuzama ngobomi bomnye umntu okanye ukubuphelisa.
-Ubusela beenkcukacha kunye nolwazi oluyimfihlo lwawo nawuphi na umntu aluvumelekanga.
-Ukuthengiswa kwezilwanyana nezityalo ezingaqhelekanga akuvumelekanga.
Izihloko zomdla
Imilinganiselo yentlalo.
Imilinganiselo yokuziphatha.
Imigaqo yenkolo.
Imigangatho yesiqhelo.
Imigaqo yokuhlalisana esikolweni.
Izalathiso
- INavarro, P., Moreno, uJJ. (amashumi alithoba anamanci asithoba anesithandathu). Ukusebenza nokusebenza kwemilinganiselo yomthetho. Ithathwe kwi cervantesvirtual.com.
- UDaci, J. (2010). Imigaqo yezomthetho, amaxabiso asemthethweni kunye nemimiselo yomthetho: Ngaba ziyafana okanye zahlukile? Isayensi yeLizwe yezeNzululwazi. Ijenali, ivol. 1, No. 2, iphe. 109-115. Ithathwe kwi-ceeol.com.
- Umgangatho wezomthetho (2020). Ithathwe kwi-sil.gobernacion.gob.mx.
- Umgangatho wezomthetho (2020). Ithathwe kwimixholo esemthethweni.
- Umgangatho wezomthetho (2020). Ithathwe kwi es.wikepedia.org.
- Umgangatho wezomthetho (2020). Ithathwe kwi economipedia.com.
