vice

See also: Vice, viće, viče, více, vice-, and vicĕ

Pronunciation

(UK, US) IPA^(key): /vaɪs/
Audio (US): (file)
Rhymes: -aɪs
Homophone: vise

Etymology 1

More information PIE word ...

PIE word
*dwóh₁

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From Middle English vice, from Old French vice, from Latin vitium (“fault or blemish”). Displaced native Old English unþēaw.

Noun

vice (plural vices)

Bad or immoral behaviour.
Pride is a vice, not a virtue.

Smoking was a vice Sally picked up in high school.
- 2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Noveria:
  Shepard: I wear a lot of hats, Mr. Vargas. Some days I shut down criminals. Some days I defuse nukes. Some days I like to enjoy private vices. You understand me?
- 2015, Slayer (lyrics and music), “Vices”:
  It's a rush you can't deny / A little violence is the ultimate drug / Let's get high / You've been powerless to your vices / Self-control defies you
- 2022 October 21, Taylor Swift, Jack Antonoff, “Anti-Hero”, in Midnights‎, performed by Taylor Swift:
  I should not be left to my own devices / they come with prices and vices / I end up in crisis / Tale as old as time
(law) Any of various crimes related (depending on jurisdiction) to weapons, prostitution, pornography, gambling, alcohol, tobacco, or drugs.
(law enforcement, slang) Clipping of vice squad.
A defect in the temper or behaviour of a horse, such as to make the animal dangerous, to injure its health, or to diminish its usefulness.
- 1839, Scholefield v. Robb; cited in Gilligan, Brenda, Practical Horse Law‎, 2002, →ISBN:
  So a horse with say, navicular disease, making him suitable only for light hacking, would probably be unsound, whereas rearing would be a vice, being a "defect in the temper... making it dangerous". A vice can however render a horse unsound - possibly a crib biter will damage its wind.

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “bad habit”): virtue

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

bad habit

Albanian: ves (sq) m
Arabic: رَذِيلَة f (raḏīla)
Belarusian: зага́на f (zahána), няцно́та f (njacnóta), паро́к m (parók)
Bulgarian: поро́к (bg) m (porók)
Catalan: vici (ca) m
Chinese:
Mandarin: 惡習 / 恶习 (zh) (èxí)
Czech: zlozvyk m, neřest (cs) f, nešvar (cs) m
Danish: last (da), dårlig vane, uvane
Dutch: ondeugd (nl) f, verdorvenheid (nl) f, zonde (nl) f
Esperanto: malvirto (eo)
Finnish: pahe (fi)
French: vice (fr) m
Galician: vicio m, obenza f, vezo m
Georgian: მანკი (manḳi), წუნი (c̣uni), ზადი (ka) (zadi), ნაკლი (ka) (naḳli)
German: Laster (de) n, Lasterhaftigkeit (de) f, Untugend (de) f
Greek: ελάττωμα (el) n (eláttoma)
Ancient: ἐλάττωμα n (eláttōma)
Hebrew: עבריינות f (avarjanút), השחתת מידות f (hashkhatát midót)
Hungarian: gyengeség (hu), gyarlóság (hu)
Ido: vicio (io)
Indonesian: cela (id)
Irish: ainbhéas m, anlocht m, drochbhéas m, drochghnáthú m
Italian: vizio (it), difetto (it) m, malvezzo (it) m, pecca (it) f
Japanese: 悪習 (ja) (あくしゅう, akushū)
Kazakh: кемістік (kemıstık)
Korean: 악습 (ko) (akseup)
Latin: vitium n
Macedonian: порок m (porok)
Malay: maksiat
Maori: kino (mi)
Old Church Slavonic:
Cyrillic: порокъ m (porokŭ)
Old English: unþēaw m
Persian: رذیلت (fa) (razilat)
Polish: nałóg (pl) m, narów m (archaic, literary), wada (pl) f, występek (pl) m
Portuguese: vício (pt) m, mania (pt) f
Romanian: viciu (ro)
Russian: поро́к (ru) m (porók)
Sanskrit: व्यसन (sa) n (vyasana)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: ма́на f, по̀рок f

Roman: mána (sh) f, pòrok (sh) f
Slovak: zlozvyk m, neresť f, nešvár m
Slovene: razvada f, pregrešnost f
Spanish: vicio (es) m, resabio (es) m
Swedish: last (sv) c, dålig vana c, ovana (sv) c
Tagalog: bisyo
Thai: อบายมุข (th) (à-baai-yá-múk)
Turkish: ahlaksızlık (tr), fuhuş (tr)
Ukrainian: нецно́та f (necnóta), ва́да (uk) f (váda), ґандж (uk) m (gandž), хи́ба f (xýba), поро́к m (porók)
Volapük: lesinod (vo)

crime related to prostitution, pornography, gambling, alcohol, or drugs

Bulgarian: поквара (bg) f (pokvara)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 罪惡 / 罪恶 (zh) (zuì'è), 犯罪 (zh) (fànzuì), 魔道 (zh) (módào), 歪路 (zh) (wāilù), 邪路 (zh) (xiélù)
Finnish: (just prostitution) seksikauppa (fi)
French: affaire de mœurs (fr) f
Georgian: ცოდვა (codva), მანკიერება (manḳiereba)
German: Sittenvergehen n, Sittlichkeitsdelikt n, Sittlichkeitsverbrechen (de) n
Hebrew: עבריינות מין (avarjanút min), עבריינות סמים (avarjanút samím)
Italian: delitto a sfondo sessuale
Japanese: 罪悪 (ja) (ざいあく, zaiaku), 犯罪 (ja) (はんざい, hanzai)
Korean: 죄악 (joeak), 범죄 (ko) (beomjoe)
Polish: występek (pl) m
Russian: поро́к (ru) m (porók)
Tagalog: bisyo
Turkish: (just prostitution) fuhuş (tr)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Irish: ^{(please verify)} duáilce f

Etymology 2

See vise.

Noun

vice (plural vices)

(UK) Alternative spelling of vise (“mechanical screw apparatus used for clamping”)
A tool for drawing lead into cames, or flat grooved rods, for casements.
(architecture) A winding or spiral staircase.
(obsolete) A grip or grasp.
- c. 1596–1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i], page 79, line 22:
  Fang. If I but fiſt him once: if he come but within my Vice.

Translations

screw apparatus — see vise

Verb

vice (third-person singular simple present vices, present participle vicing, simple past and past participle viced)

Alternative spelling of vise (“to hold or squeeze with a vice”)
- c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 281, line 416:
  Camillo. As he had ſeen’t, or beene an Instrument / To vice you to't, that you haue toucht his Queene / Forbiddenly.
- 1849 December, Thomas De Quincey, “The English Mail-coach. Section the Second.—The Vision of Sudden Death.”, in Miscellanies (De Quincey’s Works; IV), London: James Hogg & Sons, →OCLC, page 335:
  What could be done—who was it that could do it—to check the storm-flight of these maniacal horses? Could I not seize the reins from the slumbering coachman? […] [F]rom the way in which the coachman's hand was viced between his upper and lower thigh, this was impossible.

Etymology 3

From Latin vice (“in place of”), ablative form of vicis. Compare French fois (“time”) and Spanish vez (“time, turn”).

Adjective

vice (not comparable)

in place of; subordinate to; designating a person below another in rank
vice president

vice admiral

Derived terms

vice admiral
vice governor
vice mayor
vice president
vice-principal

Preposition

vice

(chiefly dated) Instead of; in place of; versus.
- 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter XXI, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume I, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849, →OCLC:
  He was gardener and out-door man, vice Upton, resigned.
- 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter XXVIII, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume I, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849, →OCLC:
  A very small cab-boy, vice Stoopid retired, swung on behind Foker's vehicle; knock-kneed and in the tightest leather breeches.

Usage notes

While rare in modern standard English, this usage still appears among members of the United States military. This usage is common in informal rail transport contexts in the United Kingdom.
Statements such as "vice Jones, who had resigned" may be abbreviated "vice Jones, resigned"

Noun

vice (plural vices)

One who acts in place of a superior.
- c. 1850s-1870s, Edward Minister and Son, The Gazette of Fashion and Cutting-Room Companion
  The health of the Vice was proposed in appropriate language; in replying, Mr. Marriott thanked the company […]

Anagrams

ICEV, cive

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Adverb

vice

in rows

Noun

vice m (plural vices)

vice (bad habit)

Derived terms

Etymology

Borrowed from English vice-, French vice-, German vize-, Italian vice-, Russian ви́це- (více-), Spanish vice-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈvi.t͡se/

Preposition

vice

instead, instead of

Derived terms

vicar (archaic)
vice ke
vice-

References

Progreso III (in Ido), 1910–1911, page 102
Progreso IV (in Ido), 1911–1912, page 211, 408, 409
Progreso V (in Ido), 1912–1913, page 723
Progreso VII (in Ido), 1914, page 130

Etymology

From Latin vicem.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈvi.t͡ʃe/
Rhymes: -itʃe
Hyphenation: vì‧ce

Noun

vice m or f by sense (invariable)

deputy, substitute, vice

Related terms

Anagrams

cive, civè, veci

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈu̯i.ke/, [ˈu̯ɪkɛ]

(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈvi.t͡ʃe/, [ˈviːt͡ʃe]

Noun

vice

ablative singular of vicis

Preposition

vice

in place of, subordinate to
vice alicuius fungor ― I deputise for someone

Derived terms

vice versā

Descendants

English: vice-
French: vice
German: vize-
Ido: vice
Italian: vice
Piedmontese: vice
Swedish: vice

Etymology 2

Noun

vīce

vocative singular of vīcus

References

“vice”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“vice”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
vice in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

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Alternative forms

vyce, vyse, vijs, wise, vise, wyce, vyhs

Etymology

Borrowed from Old French vice, visse, from Latin vitium.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈviːs(ə)/

Noun

vice (plural vices)

A fault or imperfection; a negative quality or attribute of something:
1. A bad habit or tendency that one has; a negative human behaviour.
2. A mistake; a fault due to deficience in knowledge or reasoning.
3. (rare) An imperfection or blemish in one's visage or look.
Vice, iniquity, sinful behaviour; absence of virtue or morality:
1. A vice; a general tendency or action that is morally bad.
2. A specific example of immoral or sinful behaviour.
A sickness, disease or malady; a deleterious process effecting something.

Related terms

Descendants

English: vice
Scots: vice

References

“vīce, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-03-01.

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Etymology

From Old French vice, borrowed from Latin vitium.

Noun

vice m (plural vices)

vice (bad habit)

Descendants

French: vice

Noun

vice m or f by sense (plural vices)

used as an abbreviation of any word containing the prefix vice-

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʋìːt͡sɛ/, /ʋíːt͡sɛ/

Noun

vīce f pl

purgatory

Inflection

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

More information Feminine, a-stem, nominative ...

Feminine, a-stem
nominative	více
genitive	víc
	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	více
genitive (rodȋlnik)	víc
dative (dajȃlnik)	vícam
accusative (tožȋlnik)	více
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	vícah
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	vícami

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Noun

vice m or f by sense (plural vice)

vice (second in command)

Pronunciation

Audio: (file)

Adjective

vice (not (comparable))

vice, second in rank, deputy, stand-in, acting

Related terms

vicedirektör
vicekonung
vicepresident
vicevärd
vice versa

Etymology

From Middle English voys, from Anglo-Norman voiz, voys, veys, from Latin vōx.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /viːs/

Noun

vice

voice

References

Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 75

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Antonyms

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Translations

See also

Etymology 2

Noun

Translations

Verb

Etymology 3

Adjective

Derived terms

Preposition

Usage notes

Noun

Further reading

Anagrams

Adverb

Related terms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

See also

Further reading

Etymology

Pronunciation

Preposition

Derived terms

References

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Related terms

Anagrams

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Preposition

Derived terms

Descendants

Etymology 2

Noun

References

Alternative forms

Etymology

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Noun

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Descendants

References

Etymology

Noun

Descendants

Noun

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Noun

Inflection

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