gae

See also: gãe, gæ, GAE, and ǁgà̰e

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɡeː/

Noun

gae m (genitive singular gae, nominative plural gaethe)

(archaic or dialectal) Alternative form of ga (“spear, dart; ray”)

Declension

More information bare forms, case ...

Declension of gae (fourth declension)

bare forms
case	singular	plural
nominative	gae	gaethe
vocative	a ghae	a ghaethe
genitive	gae	gaethe
dative	gae	gaethe

forms with the definite article
case	singular	plural
nominative	an gae	na gaethe
genitive	an ghae	na ngaethe
dative	leis an ngae don ghae	leis na gaethe

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Mutation

More information radical, lenition ...

Mutated forms of *gae*
radical	lenition	eclipsis
gae	ghae	ngae

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Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *gaisos.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɡai̯/

Noun

gae m

spear

Inflection

Due to the word's unusual historical structure (the stem having /ai̯/ followed by a lost s) the spellings gae and gai are in fact interchangeable for all forms where they appear.

More information Masculine o-stem, Singular ...

Masculine o-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	gae	gae^L	gai^L
Vocative	gai	gae^L	gau^H
Accusative	gae^N	gae^L	gau^H
Genitive	gai^L	gae	gae^N
Dative	gae^L	gaib	gaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: ^H = triggers aspiration ^L = triggers lenition ^N = triggers nasalization

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Descendants

Irish: ga

Mutation

More information radical, lenition ...

Mutation of *gae*
radical	lenition	nasalization
gae	gae pronounced with /ɣ(ʲ)-/	ngae

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Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

[1]
Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*gayso-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 154

Etymology 1

Inherited from Northern Middle English ga, gan, from Old English gān (“to go”).

Cognates

Cognate with English go, West Frisian gean, Low German gahn, Dutch gaan, German gehen, Swedish and Danish gå, Norwegian gå.

Verb

gae

to go
- 1861, Various, The Golden Treasury‎:
  O waly waly, up the bank, / And waly waly down the brae, / And waly waly yon burn-side / Where I and my Love wont to gae!
  Woe woe, up the bank, / And woe woe down the hill / And woe woe over burnside / Where my love and I tend to go!
- 1884, Alexander Leighton, Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland Volume 17‎:
  Gae awa, gae awa — I canna thole the very thochts o' the story whilk thou ettles to ken.
  Go away, go away — I cannot deal with the very thoughts of the story which you are trying to know.

Etymology 2

Verb

gae

simple past tense of gie
- 1816, Sir Walter Scott, Old Mortality, Illustrated, Volume 1.‎:
  Eh, Mr Henry! but the carle gae them a screed o' doctrine!
  Hey, Mr Henry! but the man gave them a piece of doctrine!
- 1918, J. M. Barrie, A Window in Thrums‎:
  Chirsty was in Tilliedrum last Teisday or Wednesday, an' Tibbie gae her a cup o' tea.
  Chirsty was in Tilliedrum last Tuesday or Wednesday, and Tibbie gave her a cup of tea.

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FWOTD – 10 June 2017

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɠɑ.ɛ/
Audio (Kenya): (file)

Noun

gae class V (plural magae class VI)

potsherd (broken piece of pottery)
- 1994, Historia fupi ya Zanzibar, page 24:
  Sakafu iliinuliwa kwa mchanga kiasi cha nusu mita na misingi ya msikiti ilichimbwa ndani ya tabaka za ardhi za miaka iliyopita zenye takataka na kujumuisha magae ya vyombo vya "Celado" na vya rangi manjano na mapambo meusi.
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Pronunciation

(North Wales) IPA^(key): /ɡaːɨ̯/
(South Wales, standard, colloquial) IPA^(key): /ˈɡai̯/
- (South Wales, colloquial) IPA^(key): /ˈɡaː/

Noun

gae

Soft mutation of cae (“field”).

Verb

gae

Soft mutation of cae (“(s/he) closes, shuts”).

Mutation

More information radical, soft ...

Mutated forms of *cae*
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
cae	gae	nghae	chae

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Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

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Alternative forms

ga, gaed

Etymology

From Middle English gaf. Doublet of ya. Cognate with Scots gae (“gave”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɡiː/, /ɡiːd/
Homophones: gee, gaaye, gayde

Verb

gae

simple past of gee
- 1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 96:
  Zoo wough aul vell a-danceen; earch bye gae a poage
  So we all fell a-dancing; each boy gave a kiss
- 1867, “THE BRIDE'S PORTION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 102:
  A portion ich gae her, was (it's now ich have ee-tolth)
  The portion I gave her was (it's now I have told)

Usage notes

Yola gee (give) and gae (gave) are homophones.

Derived terms

holgave

References

Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 41

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[1] [1]
Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*gayso-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 154

[1]

gae

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Mutation

Further reading

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Inflection

Descendants

Mutation

References

Further reading

Etymology 1

Verb

Etymology 2

Verb

Pronunciation

Noun

Pronunciation

Noun

Verb

Mutation

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Usage notes

Derived terms

References

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