afligir
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Catalan
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin afflīgere, with normal change of conjugation to -ir.
Pronunciation
Verb
afligir (first-person singular present afligeixo, first-person singular preterite afligí, past participle afligit)
- to afflict
Conjugation
| infinitive | afligir | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | afligint | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | afligit | afligida | |||||
| plural | afligits | afligides | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | afligeixo | afligeixes | afligeix | afligim | afligiu | afligeixen | |
| imperfect | afligia | afligies | afligia | afligíem | afligíeu | afligien | |
| future | afligiré | afligiràs | afligirà | afligirem | afligireu | afligiran | |
| preterite | afligí | afligires | afligí | afligírem | afligíreu | afligiren | |
| conditional | afligiria | afligiries | afligiria | afligiríem | afligiríeu | afligirien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | afligeixi | afligeixis | afligeixi | afligim | afligiu | afligeixin | |
| imperfect | afligís | afligissis | afligís | afligíssim | afligíssiu | afligissin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
| affirmative | — | afligeix | afligeixi | afligim | afligiu | afligeixin | |
| negative (no) | — | no afligeixis | no afligeixi | no afligim | no afligiu | no afligeixin | |
Related terms
References
- “afligir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
- “afligir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Portuguese
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Latin afflīgere.
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: a‧fli‧gir
Verb
afligir (first-person singular present aflijo, first-person singular preterite afligi, past participle afligido)
- to harm (cause damage)
- (transitive) afflict (to cause pain to)
- Synonym: atribular
Conjugation
Related terms
Spanish
Etymology
Pronunciation
Verb
afligir (first-person singular present aflijo, first-person singular preterite afligí, past participle afligido)
- to afflict
- Synonym: atribular
- 1835, Carlos María de Bustamante, Mañanas de la Alameda de México:
- ¿Qué te aflije, pues, Señor?.... diviértete, alegra, y disipa tus males....
- What afflicts you then, sir? Be happy, and dispel your ills.
- 1875, Wilkie Collins, translated by Cristina Graell, 1997, La ley y la dama:
- ¡Maldita sea, coja el bastón! No le aflija. Azóteme en la espalda. ¡Golpéeme!
- Damn it, take the stick! Don't let it afflict you. Whip me in the back. Hit me!
Conjugation
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive afligir | dative | afligirme | afligirte | afligirle, afligirse | afligirnos | afligiros | afligirles, afligirse |
| accusative | afligirme | afligirte | afligirlo, afligirla, afligirse | afligirnos | afligiros | afligirlos, afligirlas, afligirse | |
| with gerund afligiendo | dative | afligiéndome | afligiéndote | afligiéndole, afligiéndose | afligiéndonos | afligiéndoos | afligiéndoles, afligiéndose |
| accusative | afligiéndome | afligiéndote | afligiéndolo, afligiéndola, afligiéndose | afligiéndonos | afligiéndoos | afligiéndolos, afligiéndolas, afligiéndose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative aflige | dative | aflígeme | aflígete | aflígele | aflígenos | not used | aflígeles |
| accusative | aflígeme | aflígete | aflígelo, aflígela | aflígenos | not used | aflígelos, aflígelas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative afligí | dative | afligime | afligite | afligile | afliginos | not used | afligiles |
| accusative | afligime | afligite | afligilo, afligila | afliginos | not used | afligilos, afligilas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative aflija | dative | aflíjame | not used | aflíjale, aflíjase | aflíjanos | not used | aflíjales |
| accusative | aflíjame | not used | aflíjalo, aflíjala, aflíjase | aflíjanos | not used | aflíjalos, aflíjalas | |
| with first-person plural imperative aflijamos | dative | not used | aflijámoste | aflijámosle | aflijámonos | aflijámoos | aflijámosles |
| accusative | not used | aflijámoste | aflijámoslo, aflijámosla | aflijámonos | aflijámoos | aflijámoslos, aflijámoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative afligid | dative | afligidme | not used | afligidle | afligidnos | afligíos | afligidles |
| accusative | afligidme | not used | afligidlo, afligidla | afligidnos | afligíos | afligidlos, afligidlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative aflijan | dative | aflíjanme | not used | aflíjanle | aflíjannos | not used | aflíjanles, aflíjanse |
| accusative | aflíjanme | not used | aflíjanlo, aflíjanla | aflíjannos | not used | aflíjanlos, aflíjanlas, aflíjanse | |
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
Derived terms
Related terms
References
- Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “afligir”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume I (A–Ca), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 65
Further reading
- “afligir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
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