baca - Wikiwand

See also: Appendix:Variations of "baca"

Aragonese

Etymology

From Latin vacca.

Noun

baca f (plural bacas)

Superseded spelling of vaca (“cow”).

Azerbaijani

Etymology 1

From Persian .

Noun

baca (definite accusative bacanı, plural bacalar)

chimney
smokehole or a hole the ceiling through which air and light can enter a countryside building
a hatchway (e.g. leading to a sewer)
(Bilasuvar, Tabriz, Yardimli) window
Synonym: pəncərə
(Julfa) niche
Synonym: taxça

Etymology 2

Noun

baca (definite accusative bacanı, plural bacalar)

(Balakan) synonym of bacanaq

Declension

More information singular, plural ...

Declension of *baca*
	singular	plural
nominative	baca	bacalar
definite accusative	bacanı	bacaları
dative	bacaya	bacalara
locative	bacada	bacalarda
ablative	bacadan	bacalardan
definite genitive	bacanın	bacaların

More information nominative, singular ...

Possessive forms of *baca*
	nominative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	bacam	bacalarım
sənin (“your”)	bacan	bacaların
onun (“his/her/its”)	bacası	bacaları
bizim (“our”)	bacamız	bacalarımız
sizin (“your”)	bacanız	bacalarınız
onların (“their”)	bacası or bacaları	bacaları

	accusative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	bacamı	bacalarımı
sənin (“your”)	bacanı	bacalarını
onun (“his/her/its”)	bacasını	bacalarını
bizim (“our”)	bacamızı	bacalarımızı
sizin (“your”)	bacanızı	bacalarınızı
onların (“their”)	bacasını or bacalarını	bacalarını

	dative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	bacama	bacalarıma
sənin (“your”)	bacana	bacalarına
onun (“his/her/its”)	bacasına	bacalarına
bizim (“our”)	bacamıza	bacalarımıza
sizin (“your”)	bacanıza	bacalarınıza
onların (“their”)	bacasına or bacalarına	bacalarına

	locative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	bacamda	bacalarımda
sənin (“your”)	bacanda	bacalarında
onun (“his/her/its”)	bacasında	bacalarında
bizim (“our”)	bacamızda	bacalarımızda
sizin (“your”)	bacanızda	bacalarınızda
onların (“their”)	bacasında or bacalarında	bacalarında

	ablative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	bacamdan	bacalarımdan
sənin (“your”)	bacandan	bacalarından
onun (“his/her/its”)	bacasından	bacalarından
bizim (“our”)	bacamızdan	bacalarımızdan
sizin (“your”)	bacanızdan	bacalarınızdan
onların (“their”)	bacasından or bacalarından	bacalarından

	genitive
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	bacamın	bacalarımın
sənin (“your”)	bacanın	bacalarının
onun (“his/her/its”)	bacasının	bacalarının
bizim (“our”)	bacamızın	bacalarımızın
sizin (“your”)	bacanızın	bacalarınızın
onların (“their”)	bacasının or bacalarının	bacalarının

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from French bâche (“tarpaulin”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈba.kə]

IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈba.ka]
Rhymes: -aka
Hyphenation: ba‧ca
Homophone: vaca (Central Catalan)

Noun

baca f (plural baques)

luggage rack, roof rack (of a car)
Synonym of lona

Cia-Cia

Etymology

Borrowed from Indonesian baca.

Verb

baca (Hangul spelling 바짜)

to read

Dalmatian

Noun

baca f

Alternative form of vaca

Fijian

Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *bayan (cognate with Tongan pā, Maori pā and Hawaiian pā) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bayan (“bait”).

Noun

baca

bait (both of literal fishing sense & metaphorical i.e. enticement)

References

Gatty, Ronald (2009) “baca”, in Fijian-English Dictionary, Suva, Fiji: Ronald Gatty, →ISBN, page 10
Ross Clark and Simon J. Greenhill, editors (2011), “paa.3a”, in POLLEX-Online: The Polynesian Lexicon Project Online

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay baca, from Sanskrit वाचा (vācā, “speech, word”).

Pronunciation

(Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈbat͡ʃa/ [ˈba.t͡ʃa]
Rhymes: -at͡ʃa
Syllabification: ba‧ca

Verb

baca (active membaca, passive dibaca)

to read (to look at and interpret letters or other information)
Dia sedang membaca koran di teras.
He is reading a newspaper on the terrace.
to read (to speak aloud words or other information that is written)
Synonym: bacakan

Setiap hari di kelas akan disuruh bergiliran membaca.
Every day in class we will be asked to take turns reading.

Derived terms

baca-baca (“to read repeatedly; to read unseriously”)
bacaan (“reading, reading material”)
(uncommon) bacai (“to read repeatedly; to learn; to make fun of”)
(colloquial) bacain (“to read, speak aloud; to read (for)”)
bacakan (“to read, speak aloud; to read (for)”)
(informal) kebaca (“having been read; readable; predictable”)
kepembacaan (“readership”)
keterbacaan (“readability”)
pembaca (“reader”)
pembacaan (“reading”)
terbaca (“having been read; readable; predictable”)

Descendants

→ Cia-Cia: baca

Interlingua

Noun

baca (plural bacas)

berry

Italian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈba.ka/
Rhymes: -aka
Hyphenation: bà‧ca

Verb

baca

inflection of bacare:
1. third-person singular present indicative
2. second-person singular imperative

Latin

Alternative forms

bacca

Etymology

Unknown. Possibly:

If from Proto-Indo-European, it may be connected to Lithuanian bapkas (“berry, laurel”), which renders a sound-symbolic root *bab- (“to be round; small fruit”), evolving into *bab-ca and finally bā̆(c)ca (with compensatory lengthening or gemination).^[1] This etymology suffers from phonological problems as well as the paucity of cognates, but for the alternation compare the pairs cippus : cīpus and littera : lītera.
Somehow related to Ancient Greek Βάκχος (Bákkhos, “Bacchus; twig used as a symbol of Bacchus?”), which cannot be inherited and may be Pre-Greek or Anatolian in origin.
More likely, from a local substrate source perhaps shared with Proto-Berber *bqā (“blackberry, mulberry, shrub berry”).^[2]

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈbaː.ka/, [ˈbäːkä]

(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈba.ka/, [ˈbäːkä]

Noun

bāca f (genitive bācae); first declension

various small fruit of trees and shrubs: a berry, stone fruit (including olives, cherries)
- 23 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis historia 16.219:
  Et hāctenus sint speciēs ac genera pōmōrum: nātūrās artius colligī pār est. alia siliquīs distinguntur, ipsīs dulcibus sēmenque conplexīs amārum, cum in plūribus sēmina placeant, in siliquā damnentur; alia bācīs, quārum intus lignum et extrā carō, ut olīvīs, cerasīs; aliquōrum intus bācae, forīs lignum, ut iīs quae in Aegyptō dīximus gignī. quae bācīs nātūra, eadem et pōmīs.
an olive fruit in particular, an olive-berry
Synonyms: olīva, olea
a pearl
Synonyms: margarīta, margarītum
a coral bead or piece

Declension

First-declension noun.

More information singular, plural ...

	singular	plural
nominative	bāca	bācae
genitive	bācae	bācārum
dative	bācae	bācīs
accusative	bācam	bācās
ablative	bācā	bācīs
vocative	bāca	bācae

Derived terms

Descendants

Italian: bacca, vago (Romanesco)
- → Romanian: bacă
Old French: baie
- French: baie
- → Catalan: baia
- → Middle English: baye, baie
  - English: bay (leaf)
- → Middle Dutch: baye
  - Dutch: bei
- → Spanish: baya
Ibero-Romance:
- Asturian: baga
- Old Galician-Portuguese:
  - Galician: baga
  - Portuguese: baga
- Spanish: baca

References

[1]
Transactions of the Philological Society, p. 340
[2]
De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “bāca”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 67

Malay

Etymology

From Sanskrit वाचा (vācā).

Pronunciation

(Johor-Selangor) IPA^(key): /bat͡ʃə/
(Riau-Lingga) IPA^(key): /bat͡ʃa/
Rhymes: -at͡ʃə, -t͡ʃə, -ə
Audio (Malaysia, Johor-Selangor): (file)

Verb

baca (Jawi spelling باچ)

to read

Derived terms

Descendants

Indonesian: baca
→ Cebuano: basa
→ Hiligaynon: bása
→ Ilocano: bása
→ Minangkabau: baco
→ Sundanese: baca
→ Tagalog: basa
→ Urak Lawoi': บาจา (baca)

Old English

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbɑkɑ/

Noun

baca

genitive plural of bæc
genitive plural of bæċ

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

baca

Wikipedia ^pl

Alternative forms

bacza (archaic)

Etymology

Borrowed from Romanian baci, further etymology disputed. Originally bacza, but was changed to the current form due to mazurzenie.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈba.t͡sa/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -at͡sa
Syllabification: ba‧ca

Noun

baca m pers

an elder shepherd from Karpaty
Hypernym: pasterz

Coordinate term: juhas

Declension

More information singular, plural ...

	singular	plural
nominative	baca	bacowie
genitive	bacy	baców
dative	bacy	bacom
accusative	bacę	baców
instrumental	bacą	bacami
locative	bacy	bacach
vocative	baco	bacowie

Declension of baca

Derived terms

(adjective):

bacowski

(noun):

bacówka

(verb):

bacować

Romanian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈbaka]

Noun

baca f

definite nominative/accusative singular of bacă

Salar

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *bāča.

Pronunciation

(Jiezi, Gaizi, Xunhua, Qinghai, Ili, Yining, Xinjiang) IPA^(key): [pɑʝɑ]

Noun

baca (3rd person possessive [please provide], plural [please provide])

brother-in-law

References

Ma, Chengjun, Han, Lianye, Ma, Weisheng (December 2010) “baca”, in 米娜瓦尔艾比布拉 (Minavar Abibra), editor, 撒维汉词典 (Sāwéihàncídiǎn) [Salar-Uyghur-Chinese dictionary] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Beijing, →ISBN, page 31
Tenishev, Edhem (1976) “paǰa”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow, page 435
Yakup, Abdurishid (2002) “bɑʝɑ”, in An Ili Salar Vocabulary: Introduction and a Provisional Salar-English Lexicon‎, Tokyo: University of Tokyo, →ISBN, page 53

Scottish Gaelic

Noun

baca m

genitive singular of bac

Serbo-Croatian

Verb

baca (Cyrillic spelling баца)

third-person singular present of bacati

Slavomolisano

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bǎːtsḁ/

Noun

baca m

older brother

Declension

More information singular, plural ...

	singular	plural
nominative	baca	bace
genitive	baca	baci
dative	bacu	baci
accusative	baca	bace
locative	bacu	bace
instrumental	bacom, bacam	baci

declension of baca (series-2a masc a-stem)

References

Walter Breu and Giovanni Piccoli (2000), Dizionario croato molisano di Acquaviva Collecroce: Dizionario plurilingue della lingua slava della minoranza di provenienza dalmata di Acquaviva Collecroce in Provincia di Campobasso (Parte grammaticale).

Spanish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/ [ˈba.ka]
Rhymes: -aka
Syllabification: ba‧ca
Homophone: vaca

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French bâche (“tarpaulin”).

Noun

baca f (plural bacas)

(Spain) luggage rack
Synonyms: portaequipajes, parrilla

Etymology 2

From Latin bacca, variant of bāca.

Noun

baca f (plural bacas)

laurel berry

Sundanese

Etymology

From Malay baca, from Sanskrit वाचा (vācā, “speech, voice”).

Verb

baca (Sundanese script ᮘᮎ)

to read

Ternate

Etymology

From Malay baca.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈba.t͡ʃa]

Verb

baca

(transitive) to read

Conjugation

More information singular, plural ...

Conjugation of *baca*
		singular	plural
		singular	inclusive	exclusive
1st person		tobaca	fobaca	mibaca
2nd person		nobaca	nibaca
3rd person	masculine	obaca	ibaca yobaca (archaic)
	feminine	mobaca
	neuter	ibaca

References

Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Turkish

Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish باجه, borrowed from Persian (bâje).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /badʒa/

Noun

baca (definite accusative bacayı, plural bacalar)

chimney

Declension

More information singular, plural ...

Declension of baca

	singular	plural
nominative	baca	bacalar
definite accusative	bacayı	bacaları
dative	bacaya	bacalara
locative	bacada	bacalarda
ablative	bacadan	bacalardan
genitive	bacanın	bacaların

Possessive forms
nominative
	singular	plural
1st singular	bacam	bacalarım
2nd singular	bacan	bacaların
3rd singular	bacası	bacaları
1st plural	bacamız	bacalarımız
2nd plural	bacanız	bacalarınız
3rd plural	bacaları	bacaları
definite accusative
	singular	plural
1st singular	bacamı	bacalarımı
2nd singular	bacanı	bacalarını
3rd singular	bacasını	bacalarını
1st plural	bacamızı	bacalarımızı
2nd plural	bacanızı	bacalarınızı
3rd plural	bacalarını	bacalarını
dative
	singular	plural
1st singular	bacama	bacalarıma
2nd singular	bacana	bacalarına
3rd singular	bacasına	bacalarına
1st plural	bacamıza	bacalarımıza
2nd plural	bacanıza	bacalarınıza
3rd plural	bacalarına	bacalarına
locative
	singular	plural
1st singular	bacamda	bacalarımda
2nd singular	bacanda	bacalarında
3rd singular	bacasında	bacalarında
1st plural	bacamızda	bacalarımızda
2nd plural	bacanızda	bacalarınızda
3rd plural	bacalarında	bacalarında
ablative
	singular	plural
1st singular	bacamdan	bacalarımdan
2nd singular	bacandan	bacalarından
3rd singular	bacasından	bacalarından
1st plural	bacamızdan	bacalarımızdan
2nd plural	bacanızdan	bacalarınızdan
3rd plural	bacalarından	bacalarından
genitive
	singular	plural
1st singular	bacamın	bacalarımın
2nd singular	bacanın	bacalarının
3rd singular	bacasının	bacalarının
1st plural	bacamızın	bacalarımızın
2nd plural	bacanızın	bacalarınızın
3rd plural	bacalarının	bacalarının

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Aragonese

Etymology

Noun

Azerbaijani

Etymology 1

Noun

Etymology 2

Noun

Declension

Further reading

Catalan

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Further reading

Cia-Cia

Etymology

Verb

Dalmatian

Noun

Fijian

Etymology

Noun

References

Indonesian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading

Interlingua

Noun

Italian

Pronunciation

Verb

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

References

Further reading

Malay

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading

Old English

Pronunciation

Noun

Polish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

Romanian

Pronunciation

Noun

Salar

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Scottish Gaelic

Noun

Serbo-Croatian

Verb

Slavomolisano

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension