-ta

Alternative forms

• -da (after -n)

Etymology

From eta (“and”).^[1]

Suffix

-ta

1. [with perfect participle] adverbial suffix

   Guztiz bustita zatoz. ― You're totally soaked.

   Hori esanda, nahi duzuna egin ezazu. ― Having said that, do whatever you want.

References

Suffix

-ta

1. suffix for the abessive case, without.

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *-t'ak, from Proto-Uralic *-ta- (verbalizer) (see the Proto-Finnic entry for more).

Etymology 2

From Proto-Finnic *-t'ak.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Finnic *-ta, ultimately from the Proto-Uralic ablative case *-ta (compare to Moksha -да, -та (-da, -ta) and Erzya -до (-do)).

Etymology 4

Etymology 5

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tɒ]

Suffix

-ta

2. 1. (past-tense suffix) Forms the third-person singular indicative past definite form of verbs.

      ‎olvas (“to read”) + ‎-ta → ‎olvasta (“he/she (has/had) read (it)”)

   2. (verbal-participle suffix) Forms the verbal participle of verbs, always following the agent noun.

      ‎okoz (“to cause”) + ‎-ta → ‎okozta (“caused by”)

      a vihar okozta kár ― the damage caused by the storm (literally, “storm-caused damage”)

4. (noun-forming suffix) Forms nouns from certain verbs (cf. -ás), incorporating the third-person singular possessive suffix (-a), which can be replaced by other personal possessive suffixes.

   tud (“to know”) → tudta (“his/her knowledge [of something]”)

See also

• Category:Hungarian verbal participles
• Category:Hungarian verb forms
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

Further reading

• Károly, Sándor. Az istenadta-féle szerkezetek személyragos tagjának szófaji jellegéről (“On the part of speech of the personal-suffixed elements of istenadta [‘God-given’]-like structures”). In: Nyelvtudományi Közlemények (“Linguistic Publications”), vol. 59 (1957), pp. 130–150.
• Simonyi, Zsigmond. Isten-adta (“God-given”). In: Magyar Nyelvőr (“Hungarian Language Guardian”), vol. XXXVI (1907), pp. 16–35 in the offprint (issue 5, May 15 in the original, pp. 193–205, 264–271).

Alternative forms

• -té (neutral tongue position)

Suffix

-tá

1. towards, to.

   pụ (“go out”) → pụtá (“come out”)

   chọ́ (“want, seek”) → chọ́tá (“find”)

2. to one's advantage, for.

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-ta, an enclitic form of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kita, whence Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kita.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ta/

Pronoun

-ta

1. First-person dual absolutive enclitic pronoun; we (two); us (two); you and I; you and me

   Aggayyemta. ― You and I are friends.

2. First-person dual ergative enclitic pronoun; we (two); you and I

   Masapul a tulunganta ni Maria. ― You and I should help Maria.

3. First-person dual possessive marker; our (mine and yours); of us two

   Awan inggana koma ti ayatta. ― May our love last forever.

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Etymology 2

Etymology 3

From Old Irish -ta, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts, whence also Ancient Greek -της (-tēs), Sanskrit -ताति (-tāti), and Latin -tās.

Etymology 4

Romanization

-ta

1. Rōmaji transcription of た

Pronoun

-ta

1. first person plural inclusive accusative enclitic

Suffix

-ta

1. to, at, on, in

   ‎pahá (“hill, butte”) + ‎-ta → ‎paháta (“on the hill, butte”)

   ‎maȟpíya (“sky”) + ‎-ta → ‎maȟpíyata (“in the sky”)

   ‎mní (“water”) + ‎-ta → ‎mniyáta (“at the water”)

Suffix

-ta

1. inflection of -tus:
   1. feminine nominative/vocative singular
   2. neuter nominative/accusative/vocative plural

Suffix

-tā

1. feminine ablative singular of -tus

Alternative forms

• -nta

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ta, from Proto-Austronesian *ta.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ta]

Suffix

-ta (possessive suffix, Lontara spelling ᨈ)

1. our (first person plural inclusive)
2. your (polite second person singular and plural)

Etymology

From Proto-Quechuan *-kta. Compare with Classical Quechua -kta.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ta/

Suffix

-ta

1. Used for the accusative case. Indicates the direct object of a verb or the goal of a motion verb.

   ‎wasi (“house”) + ‎-ta → ‎wasita (“at the house”)

   ‎mama (“mother”) + ‎-ta → ‎mamaykita (“your mother (direct object)”)

2. Used to form adverbs from adjectives.

   ‎allin (“good”) + ‎-ta → ‎allinta (“well”)

Suffix

-ta

1. Alternative form of -te

   'S leònta mo làmh. ― My hand is wounded.

Suffix

-ta

1. A condition or state

Suffix

-ta

1. Alternative form of -da (locative suffix) (after an unvoiced consonant).

Alternative forms

• -cha (allomorph after i)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [-ta]

Etymology 1

Etymology 2

Etymology 3

Cognates are found in many other Cariban languages, where they are usually restricted to use with or in place of an imperative marker cognate to -kö. The Ye'kwana suffix thus shows a broadened scope of use.

References

• Cáceres, Natalia (2011) “-ta”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana‎, Lyon, pages 149, 225–226, 234–236