牛

See also: 午 and 𓃾

牛	U+725B, 牛 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-725B

← 牚
[U+725A]

CJK Unified Ideographs

牜 →
[U+725C]

⽜	U+2F5C, ⽜ KANGXI RADICAL COW

← ⽛
[U+2F5B]

Kangxi Radicals

⽝ →
[U+2F5D]

More information Stroke order ...

Stroke order

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More information Stroke order ...

Stroke order

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Alternative forms

牜 (U+725C) - used as a left radical component (not a standalone character)
𠂒 (U+20092) - sometimes used as a top component

Han character

See images of
Radical 93 牛

牛 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 竹手 (HQ), four-corner 2500₀, composition ⿻𠂉十)

Kangxi radical #93, ⽜.
Shuowen Jiezi radical №19

Derived characters

Appendix:Chinese radical/牛
件, 吽, 𡉯, 𫰔, 𡵜, 𢓐, 𢪧, 汼, 𭷽, 𨸡, 𨑴, 𣅫, 㭌, 犇, 𣧘, 𣬳, 𤰼, 𥝫, 䋅, 𦧋, 𧉖, 𧣈, 𧥸, 𧲤, 鈝, 𮓤 ,䭽, 𩲍, 𩵠, 𩿓, 䵓, 𬨹
吿, 𭇤, 𡕘, 䒜, 𣁄, 𪺝, 㽚, 窂, 荦, 𬙮, 𧢻, 𤛗, 𤵃, 𨳯, 制

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 697, character 1
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19922
Dae Jaweon: page 1108, character 16
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1800, character 1
Unihan data for U+725B

More information simp. and trad., alternative forms ...

simp. and trad.		牛
alternative forms		𠂒

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Wikipedia has articles on:

牛 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
牛 (Cantonese)
牛 (Classical)
gû (Southern Min)
牛 (Wu)

Glyph origin

More information Historical forms of the character 牛, Shang ...

Historical forms of the character 牛
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

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Pictogram (象形) of a bull's head.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋwa.

"awesome": Clipping of 牛屄 (niúbī).

Pronunciation

More information Variety, Location ...

Variety	Location	edit 牛
Mandarin	Beijing	/niou³⁵/
	Harbin	/niou²⁴/
	Tianjin	/niou⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/ȵiou⁴²/
	Qingdao	/niou⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/niou⁴²/ /ou⁴²/
	Xi'an	/niou²⁴/
	Xining	/ȵiɯ²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/niəu⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/ȵiou⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/ȵiɤu⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/niəu²¹³/
	Chengdu	/ȵiəu³¹/
	Guiyang	/niəu²¹/
	Kunming	/niəu³¹/
	Nanjing	/liəɯ²⁴/
	Hefei	/liɯ⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/niəu¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ȵiəu¹³/
	Hohhot	/niəu³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ȵiɤ²³/
	Suzhou	/ȵiɤ¹³/
	Hangzhou	/ȵiø²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/ŋau³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/niu⁴⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/ȵiu⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/ȵiəu¹³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ȵiəɯ¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/ȵiu⁴⁵/ /ŋiɛu⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/ŋiu¹¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/ŋiu¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/ŋɐu²¹/
	Nanning	/ŋɐu²¹/
	Hong Kong	/ŋɐu²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/giu³⁵/ /gu³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/ŋu⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/niu³³/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/gu⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ku³¹/

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More information Rime, Character ...

Rime
Character	牛
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	語求切
Baxter	ngjuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋiu/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋuw/
Li Rong	/ŋiu/
Wang Li	/ŋĭəu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋi̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yóu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngau⁴

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More information Character, Reading # ...

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	牛
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	niú
Middle Chinese	‹ ngjuw ›
Old Chinese	/*[ŋ]ʷə/ (< uvular?)
English	ox
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

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More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	牛
Reading #	1/1
No.	9564
Phonetic component	牛
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	牛
Old Chinese	/*ŋʷɯ/

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Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): niú (niu²)

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄡˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nyiu²

(Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): niú

(Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): liú

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ню (ni͡u, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ngau⁴ / ngau^4-2

(Dongguan, Jyutping++): ngaau⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): ngeu³

(Yangjiang, Jyutping++): ngau⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): nyiu⁴ / ngieu⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ngiù

(Hailu, HRS): ngiu

(Meixian, Guangdong): ngiu²
Jin (Wiktionary): niou¹
Northern Min (KCR): niû
Eastern Min (BUC): ngù / ngiù
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gu² / giu²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): gû / giû / ngiû

(Teochew, Peng'im): ghu⁵

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): bhu⁵
Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): njau⁴
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶gnieu / ²gnieu / ²nieu
- (Jinhua): ²gnieu
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): nyiou²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: niú
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄡˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: nióu
  - Wade–Giles: niu²
  - Yale: nyóu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: niou
  - Palladius: ню (nju)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: nyiu²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: niu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nʲiəu²¹/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin: niú
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /niɤu²⁴/
- (Nanjing)
  - Nanjing Pinyin: liú
  - Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): liu²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /liəɯ²⁴/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ню (ni͡u, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /niou²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: ngau⁴ / ngau^4-2
  - Yale: ngàuh / ngáu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ngau⁴ / ngau^4-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: ngeo⁴ / ngeo^4-2
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɐu̯²¹/, /ŋɐu̯²¹⁻³⁵/

Note: ngau4-2 - "beef", chiefly in compounds.

- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
  - Jyutping++: ngaau⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋau²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: ngeu³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ᵑɡeu²²/
- (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
  - Jyutping++: ngau⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɐu⁴²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: nyiu⁴ / ngieu⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /n̠ʲiu³⁵/, /ŋiɛu³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiù
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngiu^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngiu²
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯u¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngiu
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋiu⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ngiu²
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋiu¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: niou¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /niəu¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: niû
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /niu³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ngù / ngiù
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋu⁵³/, /ŋieu⁵³/

Note:

ngù - vernacular;
ngiù - literary.

Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gu²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku¹³/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: giu²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiu¹³/

Note:

gu2 - vernacular;
giu2 - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Yongchun, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gû
  - Tâi-lô: gû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: guu
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Yongchun, Taipei, Philippines): /ɡu²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡu²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡu¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: giû
  - Tâi-lô: giû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: giuu
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /ɡiu²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡiu²³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngiû
  - Tâi-lô: ngiû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ngiuu
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ŋiũ¹³/

Note:

gû - vernacular;
giû/ngiû - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ghu⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: gû
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɡu⁵⁵/
- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin: bhu⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /bu²²/
Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
  - Jyutping++: njau⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɲəu²¹/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶gnieu
  - MiniDict: nyeu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nyieu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲiɤ²³/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ²gnieu
  - MiniDict: nyeu^平
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /n̠ʲʏ²²³/
- (Northern: Hangzhou)
  - Wugniu: ²nieu
  - MiniDict: niu^平
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /niø²³/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu: ²gnieu
  - Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /n̠ʲiu³¹³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: nyiou²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³/

Dialectal data

Middle Chinese: ngjuw

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ]ʷə/

(Zhengzhang): /*ŋʷɯ/

Definitions

牛

bovine, e.g. cow, bull, ox, buffalo, bison, yak (Classifier: 頭／头 m c mb md; 條／条 m g h x; 隻／只 m c g mn w x)
beef
乾炒牛河／干炒牛河 ― gānchǎo niúhé ― beef chow fun

蛋牛治 [Cantonese] ― daan^6-2 ngau^4-2 zi⁶ [Jyutping] ― beef and egg sandwich
stubborn; pigheaded
(colloquial) arrogant
(Mainland China, Mandarin, slang) awesome; powerful
牛屄 ― niúbī ― [vulgar] awesome

牛人 ― niúrén ― an awesome person
(～宿) (Chinese astronomy) Ox (one of Twenty-Eight Mansions)
(physics) Short for 牛頓／牛顿 (niúdùn, “newton”).
(Hong Kong Cantonese, computing) Short for 火牛 (“transformer”). (Classifier: 隻／只 c)
a surname
牛僧孺 ― Niú Sēngrú ― Niu Sengru (Tang politician)

Synonyms

More information Variety, Location ...

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		牛
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		牛
Taxonomic name		牛
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	牛
	Taiwan	牛
	Chengde	牛
	Chifeng	牛
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	牛
	Heihe	牛
	Qiqihar	牛
	Harbin	牛
	Jiamusi	牛
	Baicheng	牛
	Changchun	牛
	Tonghua	牛
	Shenyang	牛
	Jinzhou	牛
	Malaysia	牛
	Singapore	牛
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	牛
	Tangshan	牛
	Cangzhou	牛
	Baoding	牛
	Shijiazhuang	牛
	Lijin	牛
	Jinan	牛
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	牛
	Dandong	牛
	Yantai	牛
	Yantai (Muping)	牛
	Qingdao	牛
	Zhucheng	牛
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	牛
	Lingbao	牛
	Jining	牛
	Wanrong	牛
	Linfen	牛
	Shangqiu	牛
	Yuanyang	牛
	Zhengzhou	牛
	Xinyang	牛
	Baihe	牛
	Xi'an	牛
	Baoji	牛
	Tianshui	牛
	Xining	牛
	Xuzhou	牛
	Fuyang	牛
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	牛
	Lanzhou	牛
	Dunhuang	牛
	Hami	牛
	Ürümqi	牛
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	牛
	Nanchong	牛
	Dazhou	牛
	Hanyuan	牛
	Xichang	牛
	Zigong	牛
	Chongqing	牛
	Wuhan	牛
	Yichang	牛
	Xiangyang	牛
	Tianmen	牛
	Guiyang	牛
	Zunyi	牛
	Bijie	牛
	Liping	牛
	Zhaotong	牛
	Dali	牛
	Kunming	牛
	Mengzi	牛
	Guilin	牛
	Liuzhou	牛, 拖磨子
	Jishou	牛
	Changde	牛
	Hanzhong	牛
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	牛
	Yangzhou	牛
	Lianyungang	牛
	Lianshui	牛
	Nantong	牛
	Anqing	牛
	Wuhu	牛
	Hefei	牛
	Hong'an	牛
Cantonese	Guangzhou	牛
	Hong Kong	牛
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	牛
	Macau	牛
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	牛
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	牛
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	牛
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	牛
	Foshan	牛
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	牛
	Foshan (Shunde)	牛
	Foshan (Sanshui)	牛
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	牛
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	牛
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	牛
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	牛
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	牛
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	牛
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	牛
	Taishan	牛
	Kaiping (Chikan)	牛
	Enping (Niujiang)	牛
	Heshan (Yayao)	牛
	Dongguan	牛
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	牛
	Yangjiang	牛
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	牛
	Singapore (Guangfu)	牛
Gan	Nanchang	牛
	Lichuan	牛
	Pingxiang	牛
Hakka	Meixian	牛
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	牛
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	牛
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	牛
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	牛
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	牛
	Yudu	牛
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	牛仔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	牛仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	牛
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	牛
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	牛
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	牛
Huizhou	Shexian	牛
Jin	Taiyuan	牛, 牛兒
	Yangyuan	牛
	Datong	牛
	Xinzhou	牛
	Lüliang (Lishi)	牛
	Changzhi	牛
	Linhe	牛
	Jining	牛
	Hohhot	牛
	Erenhot	牛
	Pingshan	牛
	Zhangjiakou	牛
	Handan	牛
	Linzhou	牛
	Suide	牛
Northern Min	Jian'ou	牛
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	牛
Southern Min	Xiamen	牛
	Quanzhou	牛
	Zhangzhou	牛
	Zhao'an	牛
	Taipei	牛
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	牛
	Kaohsiung	牛仔
	Yilan	牛仔
	Changhua (Lukang)	牛
	Taichung	牛
	Tainan	牛
	Hsinchu	牛
	Kinmen	牛
	Penghu (Magong)	牛
	Penang (Hokkien)	牛
	Singapore (Hokkien)	牛
	Manila (Hokkien)	牛
	Chaozhou	牛
	Shantou	牛
	Shantou (Chenghai)	牛
	Singapore (Teochew)	牛
	Leizhou	牛
	Wenchang	牛
	Haikou	牛, 牛媽
	Singapore (Hainanese)	牛
Puxian Min	Putian	牛, 牛犅
Puxian Min	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	牛, 牛犅
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	牛
Shehua	Fu'an	牛
	Fuding	牛
	Luoyuan	牛
	Sanming	牛
	Shunchang	牛
	Hua'an	牛
	Guixi (Zhangping)	牛
	Cangnan	牛
	Jingning (Hexi)	牛
	Lishui	牛
	Longyou	牛
	Chaozhou	牛
	Fengshun	牛
Wu	Shanghai	牛
	Suzhou	牛
	Danyang	牛
	Wenzhou	牛
	Jinhua	牛
Xiang	Changsha	牛, 寶耕
Xiang	Shuangfeng	牛

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Dialectal synonyms of 牛 (“bovine”) [map]

(beef): 牛肉 (niúròu)
(awesome):

edit

yue+nan-tws:標青 / yue+nan-tws:标青
不得了 (bùdéliǎo) (colloquial)
了不得 (colloquial)
了不起 (liǎobùqǐ) (colloquial)
了勿起 (Wu)
佼佼 (jiǎojiǎo) (literary)
俊偉 / 俊伟 (jùnwěi) (literary)
偉大 / 伟大 (wěidà)
傑出 / 杰出 (jiéchū)
傲人 (àorén) (nowadays especially of breasts, body curve)
優異 / 优异 (yōuyì)
優秀 / 优秀 (yōuxiù)
優越 / 优越 (yōuyuè)
出挑 (chhut-thio) (Quanzhou Hokkien)
出擢 (Hokkien)
出眾 / 出众 (chūzhòng)
出腳 / 出脚 (Hokkien)
出色 (chūsè)
勢面 / 势面 (Hokkien)
勿得了 (Wu)
卓然 (zhuórán) (literary)
卓犖 / 卓荦 (zhuóluò) (literary)
卓異 / 卓异 (zhuóyì) (literary)
卓著 (zhuózhù)
卓越 (zhuóyuè)
厲害 / 厉害 (lìhài) (informal)
咧斗 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
咧斗 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
好極了 / 好极了 (hǎo jíle)
尤異 / 尤异 (yóuyì) (literary)
崢嶸 / 峥嵘 (zhēngróng)
彰顯 / 彰显 (zhāngxiǎn)
惡實 / 恶实 (o⁵ shr⁶) (Xiang, used as a complement)
打得 (Hakka)
挺 (tǐng)
斐然 (fěirán)
棒 (bàng) (colloquial)
漂亮
炳 (bǐng) (literary)
牛鬼 (Guilin Mandarin)
特出 (tèchū)
特異 / 特异 (tèyì)
犀利 (xīlì) (originally Cantonese, sometimes Mandarin)
皦皦 (jiǎojiǎo) (literary)
看家 (kānjiā) (attributive, of skill, ability, etc.)
穩 / 稳 (wěn) (slang, neologism)
突出 (tūchū)
英英 (yīngyīng) (literary)
蓋帽 / 盖帽 (gàimào) (slang)
表表 (biǎobiǎo) (literary)
超凡 (chāofán)
超卓 (chāozhuó) (literary)
超常 (chāocháng)
超拔 (chāobá) (literary)
超絕 / 超绝 (chāojué)
非凡 (fēifán)
響噹噹 / 响当当 (xiǎngdāngdāng)
顯著 / 显著 (xiǎnzhù)
高強 / 高强 (gāoqiáng)

More information Variety, Location ...

Variety	Location	Words edit
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	牛, 牛兒, 牛屄 vulgar
	Taiwan	厲害, 棒
	Malaysia	厲害, 夠力
	Singapore	厲害
Cantonese	Guangzhou	犀利, 勁
	Hong Kong	犀利, 勁, 勁抽, 堅抽
	Penang (Guangfu)	犀利
	Singapore (Guangfu)	犀利, 勁
Hakka	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	厲害, 慶
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	厲害, 慶, 壁
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	厲害, 慶
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	厲害, 慶
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	厲害, 慶
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	厲害, 慶
	Hong Kong	叻
	Kuching (Hepo)	慶
Southern Min	Xiamen	厲害
	Shishi	厲害
	Zhao'an	厲害
	Tainan	厲害
	Penang (Hokkien)	厲害
	Singapore (Hokkien)	厲害, 勥, 𠢕
	Manila (Hokkien)	厲害, 勥, 𠢕
	Puning	厲害, 野
	Haifeng	厲害
	Singapore (Teochew)	厲害
Wu	Shanghai	結棍
	Suzhou	結棍
	Wuxi	結棍
	Hangzhou	結棍
	Ningbo	結棍
Xiang	Changsha	䏧腮

Close

Dialectal synonyms of 厲害 (“impressive; excellent; amazing; fantastic”) [map]

(transformer):

More information Variety, Location ...

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		變壓器
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	變壓器
Cantonese	Guangzhou	火牛
	Hong Kong	火牛
	Taishan	火牛
	Dongguan	火牛
Hakka	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	火牛
Southern Min	Xiamen	變壓器
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	火牛
	Jieyang	火牛
Wu	Shanghai	方棚

Close

Dialectal synonyms of 變壓器 (“transformer”) [map]

Descendants

Wutunhua: nek

Compounds

一牛吼地
丙吉問牛 / 丙吉问牛
九牛一毛 (jiǔniúyīmáo)
九牛毛
乞食飯牛 / 乞食饭牛
乳牛 (rǔniú)
亡羊得牛
人工蝸牛 / 人工蜗牛
仔牛肉 (zǎiniúròu)
休牛放馬 / 休牛放马
休牛散馬 / 休牛散马
休牛歸馬 / 休牛归马
偷渡黃牛 / 偷渡黄牛
做牛做馬 / 做牛做马 (zuòniúzuòmǎ)
充棟汗牛 / 充栋汗牛
全牛
公牛 (gōngniú)
千牛
千牛刀
午夜牛郎
原牛 (yuánniú)
吹牛 (chuīniú)
吞牛
吳牛喘月 / 吴牛喘月 (Wú niú chuǎnyuè)
吹牛大王 (chuīniú dàwáng)
吹牛皮 (chuī niúpí)
呼牛作馬 / 呼牛作马
呼牛呼馬 / 呼牛呼马
問牛 / 问牛
問牛知馬 / 问牛知马
土牛
土牛木馬 / 土牛木马
地牛發威 / 地牛发威
地牛翻身 (dìniú fānshēn)
地黃牛 / 地黄牛
執牛耳 / 执牛耳 (zhí niú'ěr)
壯氣吞牛 / 壮气吞牛
夔牛
多如牛毛 (duōrúniúmáo)
大吹牛皮
天牛 (tiānniú)
如牛負重 / 如牛负重 (rúniúfùzhòng)
孺子牛 (rúzǐniú)
寧為雞口，無為牛後 / 宁为鸡口，无为牛后 (níng wéi jīkǒu, wú wéi niúhòu)
封牛 (fēngniú)
對牛彈琴 / 对牛弹琴 (duìniútánqín)
小放牛
小牛 (xiǎoniú)
小試牛刀 / 小试牛刀
屠牛朝歌
帶牛佩犢 / 带牛佩犊
庖丁解牛 (páodīngjiěniú)
志沖斗牛
扯牛尾巴
摸春牛
放牛 (fàngniú)
放牛吃草
放牛歸馬 / 放牛归马
放牛班
敲牛宰馬 / 敲牛宰马
斗牛 (dǒuniú)
旄牛
春牛
春牛圖 / 春牛图
木牛流馬 / 木牛流马 (mùniú liúmǎ)
村牛
椎牛饗士 / 椎牛飨士
歸馬放牛 / 归马放牛
殷師牛鬥 / 殷师牛斗
母牛 (mǔniú)
氂牛 / 牦牛
氣克斗牛
氣力如牛 / 气力如牛
氣吞牛斗
氣喘如牛 / 气喘如牛 (qìchuǎnrúniú)
氣沖斗牛 / 气冲斗牛
氣沖牛斗 / 气冲牛斗
水牛 (shuǐniú)
水牛兒 / 水牛儿
汗牛充棟 / 汗牛充栋 (hànniúchōngdòng)
泥牛
泥牛入海 (níniú-rùhǎi)
海牛 (hǎiniú)
濯濯牛山
火牛陣 / 火牛阵
無殼蝸牛 / 无壳蜗牛 (wúké-wōniú)
版築飯牛 / 版筑饭牛
牛B (niúbī)
牛X (niúchā)
牛之一毛
牛乳 (niúrǔ)
牛乳油
牛人 (niúrén)
牛仔
牛仔布 (niúzǎibù)
牛仔舞
牛仔裝 / 牛仔装
牛仔褲 / 牛仔裤
牛倌
牛刀 (niúdāo)
牛刀割雞 / 牛刀割鸡
牛刀小試 / 牛刀小试
牛勁 / 牛劲
牛叉 (niúchā)
牛回磨轉 / 牛回磨转
牛圈 (niújuàn)
牛女
牛女佳期
牛奶 (niúnǎi)
牛奶糖 (niúnǎitáng)
牛子 (niúzǐ)
牛宿 (Niúxiù)
牛小排
牛屄 (niúbī)
牛山 (Niúshān)
牛山下涕
牛山歎 / 牛山叹
牛山濯濯
牛崽
牛崽褲 / 牛崽裤 (niúzǎikù)
牛市 (niúshì)
牛年
牛年馬月 / 牛年马月
牛後 / 牛后
牛心
牛心古怪
牛心左性
牛性
牛房
牛掰 (niúbāi)
牛排 (niúpái)
牛李黨爭 / 牛李党争
牛棚 (niúpéng)
牛欄 / 牛栏 (niúlán)
牛步化
牛比 (niúbǐ)
牛毛 (niúmáo)
牛毛雨
牛氣 / 牛气 (niúqi)
牛油 (niúyóu)
牛津 (niújīn)
牛津大學 / 牛津大学
牛溲馬勃 / 牛溲马勃
牛熊證 / 牛熊证 (niúxióngzhèng)
牛犁 (niúlí)
牛犢 / 牛犊 (niúdú)
牛犢子 / 牛犊子 (niúdúzi)
牛痘 (niúdòu)
牛痘苗 (niúdòumiáo)
牛瘟 (niúwēn)
牛皮 (niúpí)
牛皮大王 (niúpí dàwáng)
牛皮癬 / 牛皮癣 (niúpíxuǎn)
牛皮糖
牛皮紙 / 牛皮纸 (niúpízhǐ)
牛眠地
牛眼 (niúyǎn)
牛童馬走 / 牛童马走
牛筋牛降
牛耳
牛肉 (niúròu)
牛肉場 / 牛肉场
牛肉秀
牛脖子
牛脾氣 / 牛脾气 (niúpíqi)
牛腩 (niúnǎn)
牛腰
牛腱 (niújiàn)
牛舌 (niúshé)
牛舌餅 / 牛舌饼
牛舍 (niúshè)
牛莊 / 牛庄 (Niúzhuāng)
牛蒡 (niúbàng)
牛虻 (niúméng)
牛蛙 (niúwā)
牛蠅 / 牛蝇 (niúyíng)
牛衣
牛衣對泣 / 牛衣对泣
牛表牛觔 / 牛表牛斤
牛角 (niújiǎo)
牛角之歌
牛角尖 (niújiǎojiān)
牛角掛書 / 牛角挂书
牛角書生 / 牛角书生
牛角麵包 / 牛角面包 (niújiǎo miànbāo)
牛蹄中魚 / 牛蹄中鱼
牛蹄子
牛車 / 牛车 (niúchē)
牛軛湖 / 牛轭湖
牛逼 (niúbī)
牛郎 (niúláng)
牛郎星
牛郎織女 / 牛郎织女
牛酪 (niúlào)
牛鐲 / 牛镯
牛雜 / 牛杂 (niúzá)
牛革
牛鞅
牛鞭 (niúbiān)
牛頓 / 牛顿 (Niúdùn)
牛頭 / 牛头 (niútóu)
牛頭不對馬嘴 / 牛头不对马嘴 (niútóubùduìmǎzuǐ)
牛頭禪 / 牛头禅
牛頭馬面 / 牛头马面 (niútóumǎmiàn)
牛飲 / 牛饮
牛餼退敵 / 牛饩退敌
牛首 (Niúshǒu)
牛馬 / 牛马 (niúmǎ)
牛馬之衣 / 牛马之衣
牛馬襟裾 / 牛马襟裾
牛馬走 / 牛马走 (niúmǎzǒu)
牛驥共牢 / 牛骥共牢
牛驥同皁 / 牛骥同皂
牛鬼蛇神 (niúguǐshéshén)
牛魔王 (niú mówáng)
牛黃 / 牛黄 (niúhuáng)
牛黄 (niúhuáng)
牛黃狗寶 / 牛黄狗宝
牛鼎烹雞 / 牛鼎烹鸡 (niúdǐngpēngjī)
牛鼻 (niúbí)
牛鼻子 (niúbízi)
牧牛兒 / 牧牛儿
牧牛放馬 / 牧牛放马
牯牛 (gǔniú)
犁牛之子
牻牛兒苗 / 牻牛儿苗
牽牛拔樁 / 牵牛拔桩
牽牛星 / 牵牛星 (Qiānniúxīng)
牽牛織女 / 牵牛织女
牽牛花 / 牵牛花 (qiānniúhuā)
犀牛 (xīniú)
犀牛望月
犀牛角
犍牛 (jiānniú)
犛牛 / 牦牛
犯牛勁 / 犯牛劲
甯戚飯牛 / 甯戚饭牛
瘠牛僨豚 / 瘠牛偾豚
白犀牛
目無全牛 / 目无全牛 (mùwúquánniú)
目牛游刃 (mùniúyóurèn)
目牛無全 / 目牛无全
石牛道
石牛開道 / 石牛开道
種牛痘 / 种牛痘 (zhòng niúdòu)
童牛角馬 / 童牛角马
約翰牛 / 约翰牛
細漢偷挽匏，大漢偷牽牛 / 细汉偷挽匏，大汉偷牵牛 (sè-hàn thau bán pû, tōa-hàn thau khan gû) (Min Nan)
紫金牛
繭絲牛毛 / 茧丝牛毛
羞以牛後 / 羞以牛后
羚牛 (língniú)
老牛破車 / 老牛破车
老牛筋
老牛箝嘴
老牛箍嘴
老牛舐犢 / 老牛舐犊
耕牛 (gēngniú)
臥牛城 / 卧牛城
花牛腿
荷蘭乳牛 / 荷兰乳牛
菲列牛排
菜牛 (càiniú)
蚊動牛鬥 / 蚊动牛斗
蝸牛 / 蜗牛 (wōniú)
蟒牛 (Mǎngniú)
蠻牛 / 蛮牛
裾馬襟牛 / 裾马襟牛
襟裾馬牛 / 襟裾马牛
買牛賣劍 / 买牛卖剑
賣刀買牛 / 卖刀买牛
賣劍買牛 / 卖剑买牛
蹊田奪牛 / 蹊田夺牛
酸牛奶 (suānniúnǎi)
野牛 (yěniú)
金牛 (jīnniú)
金牛山
金牛座 (jīnniúzuò)
金牛道
鐵牛 / 铁牛 (tiěniú)
鐵牛車 / 铁牛车
鑽牛犄角 / 钻牛犄角
鑽牛角尖 / 钻牛角尖 (zuān niújiǎojiān)
隔山打牛
雞口牛後 / 鸡口牛后 (jīkǒuniúhòu)
雞尸牛從 / 鸡尸牛从
青牛
青牛紫氣 / 青牛紫气
青盲牛 (chăng-màng-ngù) (Eastern Min)
鞅牛
鞭牛
頂牛 / 顶牛
風馬牛不相及 / 风马牛不相及 (fēng mǎ niú bù xiāngjí)
馬勃牛溲 / 马勃牛溲
馬牛襟裾 / 马牛襟裾
騎牛覓牛 / 骑牛觅牛
鬥牛 / 斗牛 (dòuniú)
鬥牛士 / 斗牛士 (dòuniúshì)
鬥牛陣 / 斗牛阵
麝牛 (shèniú)
黄牛 (huángniú)
黃牛 / 黄牛 (huángniú)
黃牛岩 / 黄牛岩 (Huángniúyán)
黧牛
齊王捨牛 / 齐王舍牛

References

“Entry #1228”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

Kanji

牛

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

牛

Wikipedia ^ja

cow, ox, cattle

Readings

Go-on: ぐ (gu)
Kan-on: ぎゅう (gyū, Jōyō)^{←ぎう (giu, historical)}
Kan’yō-on: ご (go)
Kun: うし (ushi, 牛, Jōyō)

Compounds

牛(うし)馬(うま) (ushiuma)
牛(うし)鬼(おに) (ushioni), 牛(ぎゅう)鬼(き) (gyūki)
牛(うし)氈(かも)鹿(しか) (ushikamoshika, “wildebeest, gnu”)
牛車(ぎっしゃ) (gissha), 牛(ぎゅう)車(しゃ) (gyūsha), 牛(うし)車(ぐるま) (ushiguruma) : oxcart
牛(ぎゅう)脂(し) (gyūshi, “tallow of cow”)
牛(ぎゅう)舎(しゃ) (gyūsha)
牛(ぎゅう)耳(じ)る (gyūjiru)
牛(ぎゅう)肉(にく) (gyūniku, “beef”)
牛(ぎゅう)乳(にゅう) (gyūnyū, “cow's milk”)
牛(ぎゅう)馬(ば) (gyūba)
牛(ぎゅう)皮(ひ) (gyūhi, “cowhide”)
牛(ぎゅう)酪(らく) (gyūraku, “butter”)
牛頭天王(ごずてんのう) (Gozu Tennō) : name of a deity
牛(ご)蒡(ぼう) (gobō) : greater burdock (Arctium lappa)
インド牛(うし) (indōshi), 瘤(こぶ)牛(うし) (kobūshi), 犎(ほう)牛(ぎゅう) (hōgyū) : zebu
雄(お)牛(うし), 牡(お)牛(うし) (ōshi)
蝸(か)牛(ぎゅう) (kagyū, “snail; cochlea”)
蝸牛(かたつむり) (katatsumuri, “snail”)
子(こ)牛(うし), 仔(こ)牛(うし) (kōshi)
呉(ご)牛(ぎゅう) (gogyū), 水(すい)牛(ぎゅう) (suigyū) : water buffalo
麝(じゃ)香(こう)牛(うし) (jakōushi, “musk ox”)
肉(にく)牛(ぎゅう) (nikugyū, “beef cattle”)
乳(にゅう)牛(ぎゅう) (nyūgyū, “dairy cattle”)
雌(め)牛(うし), 牝(め)牛(うし) (meushi)

Etymology 1

More information Kanji in this term ...

Kanji in this term
牛
うし Grade: 2
kun'yomi

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From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *usi.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) うし [ùshí] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ɯ̟ɕi]

Noun

牛(うし) or 牛(ウシ) • (ushi)

cow, bull, ox, cattle, a domestic bovine
Synonyms: (dialectal, Tohoku) べこ, (dialectal, Akita, Sendai, Shimokita, Tsugaru) べご, (dialectal, Kagoshima) べぶ
- 1999 November 18, “牛(ぎゅう)魔(ま)人(じん) [Bull Jinn]”, in Vol.6, Konami:
  
  森(もり)に住(す)む牛(うし)の魔(ま)人(じん)。ツノを突(つ)き出(だ)し突(とっ)進(しん)して攻(こう)撃(げき)。
  Mori ni sumu ushi no majin. Tsuno o tsukidashi tosshin shite kōgeki.
  A bovine jinn who resides in the woods. He’ll charge at you and stick you with his horns.
- 1999 December 1, “ミノタウルス [Minotaurus]”, in BOOSTER 6, Konami:
  
  すごい力(ちから)を持(も)つウシの怪(かい)物(ぶつ)。オノひと振(ふ)りで何(なに)でもなぎ倒(たお)す。
  Sugoi chikara o motsu ushi no kaibutsu. Ono hitofuri de nani demo nagitaosu.
  A bovine monster with tremendous power who chops up anyone in his way with one axe swing.
beef

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ウシ.

Derived terms

丑(うし) (ushi)

Etymology 2

More information Kanji in this term ...

Kanji in this term
牛
ぎゅう Grade: 2
kan'on

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From Middle Chinese 牛 (ngjuw, “cow”). Compare Hokkien 牛 (giû / ngiû).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ぎゅう [gyúꜜù] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ɡʲɨː]

Noun

牛(ぎゅう) • (gyū) ^{←ぎう (giu)^?}

References

[1]
Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
[2]
NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Hanja

牛 (eumhun 소 우 (so u))

hanja form^? of 우 (“cow”)

Compounds

와우 (蝸牛, wau, “snail”)
우유 (牛乳, uyu, “cow's milk”)

Kanji

牛

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Kun: うす (usu, 牛)

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *usi, from Proto-Japonic *usi.

Pronunciation

(Tarama; Nakachi, Irabu) IPA^(key): /u.sz̩/

Noun

牛(うす) (usu)

cow, cattle
beef

References

Tokuyama, Shun'ei (渡久山春英), Kenan, Celik (セリック・ケナン) (2020) 南琉球宮古語多良間方言辞典 [A Dictionary of Tarama Miyako, a dialect of Southern Ryukyuan], Tokyo (東京都): Kokuritsu Kokugo Kenkyūjo, Gengo Hen'i Kenkyū Ryōiki (国立国語研究所言語変異研究領域), →ISBN, page 89
Tomihama, Sadayoshi (富浜定吉) (2013) 宮古伊良部方言辞典 [Miyako Irabu Dialect Dictionary], Naha (那覇市): Okinawa Times (沖縄タイムス社), →ISBN, page 102

Kanji

牛

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Kun: うし (ushi, 牛, Jōyō)

Etymology

More information Kanji in this term ...

Kanji in this term
牛
うし Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Close

From Proto-Ryukyuan *usi, from Proto-Japonic *usi.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʔuɕi/

Noun

牛(うし) (ushi)

cow, cattle

Derived terms

References

“うし【牛】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Han character

牛: Hán Nôm readings: ngưu, ngọ, ngỏ, ngõ, ngâu

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Kanji

牛

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Kun: うち (uchi, 牛)

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *usi, from Proto-Japonic *usi.

Noun

牛(うち) (uchi)

cow, cattle

References

“うち【牛】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

[DJR-1] [1]
Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] [2]
NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]

[2]

Alternative forms

Han character

Derived characters

See also

References

Glyph origin

Etymology

Pronunciation

Definitions

Synonyms

Descendants

Compounds

See also

References

Kanji

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Usage notes

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Hanja

Compounds

Kanji

Readings

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Kanji

Readings

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

References

Han character

Kanji

Readings

Etymology

Noun

References

Translingual

Chinese

Japanese

Korean

Miyako

Okinawan

Vietnamese

Yonaguni