-lo
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: Appendix:Variations of "lo" and -ло
Etymology
Suffix
-lo (front vowel harmony variant -lö, linguistic notation -lO)
- Forms various nouns.
Usage notes
- With bisyllabic stems, the preceding -a-, -ä- usually changes to -e- (compare -ella). e-stems however generally have the -e- turn into an -i-.
Declension
| Inflection of -lo (Kotus type 2/palvelu, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -lo | -lot | |
| genitive | -lon | -lojen -loiden -loitten | |
| partitive | -loa | -loja -loita | |
| illative | -loon | -loihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | -lo | -lot | |
| accusative | nom. | -lo | -lot |
| gen. | -lon | ||
| genitive | -lon | -lojen -loiden -loitten | |
| partitive | -loa | -loja -loita | |
| inessive | -lossa | -loissa | |
| elative | -losta | -loista | |
| illative | -loon | -loihin | |
| adessive | -lolla | -loilla | |
| ablative | -lolta | -loilta | |
| allative | -lolle | -loille | |
| essive | -lona | -loina | |
| translative | -loksi | -loiksi | |
| abessive | -lotta | -loitta | |
| instructive | — | -loin | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
| Possessive forms of -lo (Kotus type 2/palvelu, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
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Pronoun
-lo
- (enclitic) Alternative form of lo
Usage notes
- Appended to present active infinitive verb forms to derive accusative forms when the object is third singular masculine person. Also appended to second singular person imperative forms. The final -e of the original infinitive is removed :
Where the verb ends in -rre, the final re is removed, leaving behind just an -r:
- introdurre (“to introduce”) → introdurlo (“to introduce him”)
In any case, after the suffixation, there is only a single r and no vowels immediately before -lo.
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Suffix
-lō
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-dlo.
Suffix
-lo (Cyrillic spelling -ло)
- Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually denoting senses or objects, used as a pejorative or as an abstract noun.
- Suffix appended to words to create a masculine or neuter noun, usually for forming diminutives, pejoratives, abstract nouns and for denoting a tool.
See also
Suffix
-lo
- ji class(V) relative marker
- 18th century, Abdallah bin Ali bin Nasir, Al-Inkishafi, translation from R. Allen (1946) “Inkishafi—a translation from the Swahili”, in African Studies, volume 5, number 4, , pages 243–249, stanza 11:
- مُيُ وَاغُ نِنِ هُزُدُكَانِ ، لِكُغُرِيِلُ هِيْلَ نِنْنِ ،
- Moyo wangu nini huzundukani, likughuriyelo hela ni-n'ni?
- Soul, why not awake? Hi! what is it that cheats you?
See also
| Class | Subject concord | Object concord | Relative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| affirmative | negative | |||
| m(I) | a-, yu- | ha-, hayu- | -m-, -mw-, -mu- | -ye |
| wa(II) | wa- | hawa- | -wa- | -o |
| m(III) | u- | hau- | -u- | -o |
| mi(IV) | i- | hai- | -i- | -yo |
| ji(V) | li- | hali- | -li- | -lo |
| ma(VI) | ya- | haya- | -ya- | -yo |
| ki(VII) | ki- | haki- | -ki- | -cho |
| vi(VIII) | vi- | havi- | -vi- | -vyo |
| n(IX) | i- | hai- | -i- | -yo |
| n(X) | zi- | hazi- | -zi- | -zo |
| u(XI) | u- | hau- | -u- | -o |
| ku(XV/XVII) | ku- | haku- | -ku- | -ko |
| pa(XVI) | pa- | hapa- | -pa- | -po |
| mu(XVIII) | m-, mw-, mu- | ham-, hamw-, hamu- | -mu- | -mo |
| For a full table including first and second person, see Appendix:Swahili personal pronouns. | ||||
Swahili verbal concords (third person)
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