真
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Remove ads
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
|
|
|
In simplified and traditional Chinese, the 目 component is connected to the horizontal line below it (as seen in the Kangxi dictionary) whereas, in Japanese and Korean, 目 is separate from that line.
真 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十月一金 (JBMC), four-corner 40801, composition ⿱十具)
The Kangxi dictionary considers 真 as an unorthodox form (俗字) of 眞. However, the traditional Kangxi form 眞 with 匕 on top is rarely used nowadays. In modern times, 真 is considered the orthodox form in all regions except South Korea.
Historical forms of the character 真 | |
---|---|
Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
寘 | *tjels |
䡩 | *kʰriːn |
黰 | *ʔriːn, *ʔljinʔ |
顛 | *tiːn, *tʰiːns |
滇 | *tiːn, *tʰiːns, *diːn |
齻 | *tiːn |
槙 | *tiːn, *tjinʔ |
瘨 | *tiːn |
傎 | *tiːn |
蹎 | *tiːn |
厧 | *tiːn |
巔 | *tiːn |
癲 | *tiːn |
瑱 | *tʰiːns, *tins |
填 | *diːn, *diːns, *tin, *tins |
窴 | *diːn, *diːns |
闐 | *diːn, *diːns |
磌 | *diːn, *tjin |
鷏 | *diːn |
嗔 | *diːn, *tʰjin |
搷 | *diːn |
鎮 | *tin, *tins |
縝 | *tʰin, *ʔljinʔ, *tʰjin |
真 | *ʔljin |
禛 | *tjin |
稹 | *ʔljin, *ʔljinʔ |
蒖 | *tjin |
鬒 | *ʔljinʔ |
瞋 | *tʰjin |
謓 | *tʰjin |
慎 | *djins |
Originally phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔljin) : phonetic 𠂈 (OC *l'ɯːnʔ) + 貝 (“cowry”); 𠂈 (a knife or dagger) was then a phonetic component. Often 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ) (a nail) was added as a second phonetic component at the bottom; originally, it appeared as a black dot. He Linyi posits it to be the original character for 珍 (OC *ʔl'ɯn, “rare; valuable”).
The sound component 𠂈 corrupted into 十 in the modern form, and into 匕 in the orthodox seal script form 眞. The bottom of the character in both forms derives from the components 貝 and 丁 corrupting into 目 and 丌.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan; cognate with Tibetan བདེན (bden, “true; truth”). Possibly connected with 貞 (OC *teŋ) (Schuessler, 2007).
真
Others:
Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.
Every time you click a link to Wikipedia, Wiktionary or Wikiquote in your browser's search results, it will show the modern Wikiwand interface.
Wikiwand extension is a five stars, simple, with minimum permission required to keep your browsing private, safe and transparent.