宗

Han character

宗 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 十一一火 (JMMF), four-corner 3090₁, composition ⿱宀示)

Glyph origin

More information Historical forms of the character 宗, Shang ...

Historical forms of the character 宗
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

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Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 宀 (“house”) + 示 (“spirit tablet”) – temple; ancestral shrine.

Etymology

Compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsuk ⪤ *tsik (“to build”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan རྫོང (rdzong, “castle; fortress”), Burmese ဆောင် (hcaung, “room; chamber; hall”) (Schuessler, 2007).

an administrative division in historical Tibet

Borrowed from Tibetan རྫོང (rdzong, “district; province”).

Pronunciation

Definitions

宗

1. ancestral temple
2. ancestors or elders of a people
   1. One of the two suffixes of emperors' temple names.

      Coordinate term: 祖 (zǔ)

3. family

   宗法  ―  zōngfǎ  ―  patriarchal clan system

   宗周  ―  Zōngzhōu  ―  Ancestral Zhou, Clan city of Zhou (Western Zhou dynasty's capital)

   宗兄  ―  zōngxiōng  ―  elder brother

   同宗  ―  tóngzōng  ―  to be of the same clan

4. school; sect

   禪宗／禅宗  ―  chánzōng  ―  Zen

   路德宗  ―  Lùdézōng  ―  Lutheranism

5. main purpose

   宗旨  ―  zōngzhǐ  ―  aim

   萬變不離其宗／万变不离其宗  ―  wàn biàn bù lí qí zōng  ―  to remain the same in essence despite all apparent changes

6. to revere; to respect; to follow

   • 孔子布衣，傳十餘世，學者宗之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     孔子布衣，传十余世，学者宗之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

     Kǒngzǐ bùyī, chuán shí yú shì, xuézhě zōng zhī. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

7. (historical) an administrative division in historical Tibet, equivalent to a county

   當雄宗／当雄宗  ―  Dāngxióng Zōng  ―  Damxung dzong

8. Classifier for things, sums of money, goods, etc.

   一宗款項／一宗款项  ―  yī zōng kuǎnxiàng  ―  a sum of money

   • 只是等咱們的事情過去了，早些把你們的正經事完結了，也了我一宗心事。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
     只是等咱们的事情过去了，早些把你们的正经事完结了，也了我一宗心事。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]

     From: Cao Xueqin, Dream of the Red Chamber, mid-18^th century CE

     Zhǐshì děng zánmen de shìqíng guòqù le, zǎo xiē bǎ nǐmen de zhèngjīng shì wánjié le, yě liǎo wǒ yī zōng xīnshì. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

9. Classifier for cases (e.g. traffic accidents, criminal cases, medical cases, etc.).

   一宗命案 [Cantonese]  ―  jat¹ zung¹ ming⁶ on³ [Jyutping]  ―  a homicide

   兩宗交易／两宗交易 [Cantonese]  ―  loeng⁵ zung¹ gaau¹ jik⁶ [Jyutping]  ―  two transactions

   一宗交通意外 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

   jat¹ zung¹ gaau¹ tung¹ ji³ ngoi⁶ [Jyutping]

   a traffic accident

   1000多宗流感病例 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

   1000 do¹ zung¹ lau⁴ gam² beng⁶ lai⁶ [Jyutping]

   over 1000 cases of influenza

10. a surname

    宗澤／宗泽  ―  Zōng Zé  ―  Zong Ze (Southern Song official and general)

Compounds

References

• “宗”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Kanji

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. religion; doctrine; creed
2. a place to venerate one's ancestors
3. ancestor; ancestry; clan
4. esteemed; respected
5. central idea; core principle

Definitions

Hanja

宗 (eumhun 마루 종 (maru jong))

1. hanja form^? of 종 (“fundamental knowledge”)
2. hanja form^? of 종 (“root; ancestry”)
3. hanja form^? of 종 (“religion”)

Han character

宗: Hán Nôm readings: tông, tong, tôn, tung

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.