增

See also: 増

增	U+589E, 增 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-589E

← 墝
[U+589D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

墟 →
[U+589F]

More information Japanese, Simplified ...

Japanese	増
Simplified	增
Traditional	增

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References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 238, character 25

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5454

Dae Jaweon: page 477, character 10

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 489, character 6

Unihan data for U+589E

More information simp. and trad., alternative forms ...

simp. and trad.		增
alternative forms		増曾 ⿰土⿳丷囚曰𢴣 ⿰土⿳⺈田曰

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Glyph origin

More information Historical forms of the character 增, Shang ...

Historical forms of the character 增
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States		Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

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More information Old Chinese ...

	Old Chinese
潧	*ʔsrɯn
繒	ʔsɯːŋ, zɯŋ
增	ʔsɯːŋ, ʔsɯːŋs
憎	*ʔsɯːŋ
磳	ʔsɯːŋ, zɯŋ
曾	ʔsɯːŋ, zɯːŋ
矰	*ʔsɯːŋ
罾	*ʔsɯːŋ
熷	*ʔsɯːŋ
竲	ʔsɯːŋ, zɯŋ
橧	ʔsɯːŋ, zɯŋ
譄	*ʔsɯːŋ
蹭	*sʰɯːŋs
層	*zɯːŋ
贈	*zɯːŋs
僧	*sɯːŋ
鬙	*sɯːŋ
甑	*ʔsɯŋs
鄫	*zɯŋ
驓	*zɯŋ
嶒	*zɯŋ
噌	*sʰɯːŋ
鏳	*zrɯːŋ

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Characters in the same phonetic series (曾) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *ʔsɯːŋs) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ) – things grow in the earth, to build from earth.

Etymology

The Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruction of this word is *s-tˤəŋ, suggesting the word is derived from 登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up”) by *s- prefixing.

Pronunciation

More information Variety, Location ...

Variety	Location	edit 增
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡səŋ⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/t͡səŋ⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡səŋ²¹/
	Jinan	/t͡səŋ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/t͡səŋ²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡səŋ²⁴/
	Xi'an	/t͡səŋ²¹/
	Xining	/t͡sə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡səŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/t͡sə̃n³¹/
	Ürümqi	/t͡sɤŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/t͡sən⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡sən⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/t͡sen⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/t͡sə⁴⁴̃/
	Nanjing	/t͡sən³¹/
	Hefei	/t͡sən²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡səŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/t͡səŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡sə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ʈ͡ʂəŋ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/t͡sən⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡sen³³/
	Wenzhou	/t͡saŋ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡sʌ̃³¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡sɛ¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡sən³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/t͡sən³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡sɛn⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sen⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/t͡sen²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sɐŋ⁵³/
	Nanning	/t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/t͡siŋ⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/t͡sɛiŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/t͡saiŋ⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/t͡seŋ³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/t͡seŋ³³/ /t͡sɔŋ³⁵/

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More information Rime, Character ...

Rime
Character	增	增
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	精 (13)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	登 (129)	登 (129)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	作滕切	子鄧切
Baxter	tsong	tsongH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡səŋ/	/t͡səŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡səŋ/	/t͡səŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡səŋ/	/t͡səŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡səŋ/	/t͡səŋ^H/
Li Rong	/t͡səŋ/	/t͡səŋ^H/
Wang Li	/t͡səŋ/	/t͡səŋ^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡səŋ/	/t͡səŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zēng	zèng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zang¹	zang³

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More information Character, Reading # ...

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	增
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zēng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsong ›
Old Chinese	/*s-tˁəŋ/
English	increase
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

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More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	增	增
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	16613	16623
Phonetic component	曾	曾
Rime group	蒸	蒸
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime		增
Old Chinese	/*ʔsɯːŋ/	/*ʔsɯːŋs/

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Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zēng (zeng¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄗㄥ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zen¹

(Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): zěng

(Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): zèn
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zang¹

(Dongguan, Jyutping++): zan¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): dang¹
Gan (Wiktionary): zen¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chen

(Meixian, Guangdong): zên⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): zeng¹
Northern Min (KCR): cāing
Eastern Min (BUC): cĕng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zeng¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chng / cheng

(Teochew, Peng'im): zêng¹

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): zeng¹
Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): zang¹
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹tsen
- (Jinhua): ¹tsen
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zen¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zēng
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zeng
  - Wade–Giles: tsêng¹
  - Yale: dzēng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzeng
  - Palladius: цзэн (czɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɤŋ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: zen¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zen
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sən⁵⁵/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin: zěng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡səŋ²¹/
- (Nanjing)
  - Nanjing Pinyin: zèn
  - Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): zen¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sə̃³¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zang¹
  - Yale: jāng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzang¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zeng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
  - Jyutping++: zan¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐn²¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: dang¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /taŋ³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: zen¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛn⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chen
  - Hakka Romanization System: zen
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zen⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sen⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zên⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sɛn⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: zeng¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡səŋ¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cāing
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saiŋ⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cĕng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛiŋ⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zeng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛŋ⁵³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chng
  - Tâi-lô: tsng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zngf
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡sŋ̍³³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng
  - Tâi-lô: tsing
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zefng
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zêng¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tseng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡seŋ³³/
- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin: zeng¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡seŋ³⁵/
Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
  - Jyutping++: zang¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡səŋ⁵³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu: ¹tsen
  - MiniDict: tsen^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tsen
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sən⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡sən⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡sen³³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡səŋ⁵²/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /t͡sɐŋ⁵³/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu: ¹tsen
  - Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /t͡səŋ³³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: zen¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sən³³/

Dialectal data

Middle Chinese: tsong, tsongH

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s-tˤəŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ʔsɯːŋ/, /*ʔsɯːŋs/

Definitions

增

to increase; to expand; to gain; to add
a surname: Zeng
13th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "expansion; growth" (𝌒)

Synonyms

(to increase):

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加 (jiā)
加上 (jiāshàng)
加多 (jiāduō)
加大 (jiādà)
加添 (jiātiān)
增加 (zēngjiā)
增多 (zēngduō)
增添 (zēngtiān)
增益 (zēngyì)
增長 / 增长 (zēngzhǎng)
廣益 / 广益 (guǎngyì) (literary)
施
添加 (tiānjiā)
補 / 补 (bǔ)
附益 (fùyì) (literary)

Compounds

丹增 (Dānzēng)
倍增 (bèizēng)
增值 (zēngzhí)
增修 (zēngxiū)
增光 (zēngguāng)
增刊
增列
增刪 / 增删 (zēngshān)
增劇 / 增剧
增加 (zēngjiā)
增印
增增減減 / 增增减减
增多 (zēngduō)
增大 (zēngdà)
增幅 (zēngfú)
增廣 / 增广 (zēngguǎng)
增廣生員 / 增广生员
增廣見聞 / 增广见闻
增建
增強 / 增强 (zēngqiáng)
增援 (zēngyuán)
增損 / 增损
增收
增殖 (zēngzhí)
增添 (zēngtiān)
增減 / 增减 (zēngjiǎn)
增生 (zēngshēng)
增產 / 增产 (zēngchǎn)
增益 (zēngyì)
增福財神 / 增福财神
增聘
增色
增補 / 增补 (zēngbǔ)
增訂 / 增订 (zēngdìng)
增訂版 / 增订版 (zēngdìngbǎn)
增設 / 增设 (zēngshè)
增資 / 增资 (zēngzī)
增輝 / 增辉
增辟
增進 / 增进 (zēngjìn)
增量 (zēngliàng)
增長 / 增长 (zēngzhǎng)
增長見識 / 增长见识
增闢 / 增辟
增防
增韻 / 增韵
增額國代 / 增额国代
增高 (zēnggāo)
年增率
擴增 / 扩增 (kuòzēng)
日增月益
暴增 (bàozēng)
有增無損 / 有增无损
有增無減 / 有增无减
添增 (tiānzēng)
激增 (jīzēng)
福履增綏 / 福履增绥
累增字
與日俱增 / 与日俱增 (yǔrìjùzēng)
蒲扇價增 / 蒲扇价增
蓬蓽增輝 / 蓬荜增辉
踵事增華 / 踵事增华
逆增
遞增 / 递增 (dìzēng)
陡增 (dǒuzēng)
馬齒徒增 / 马齿徒增
齒德俱增 / 齿德俱增

References

“增”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Shinjitai	増
Kyūjitai	增

Kanji

增

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 増)

increase
add to
augment

Readings

On (unclassified): ぞう (zō)、そう (sō)
Kun: ます (masu, 增す)、ふえる (fueru, 增える)、ふやす (fuyasu, 增やす)

Hanja

增 (eumhun 더할 증 (deohal jeung))

hanja form^? of 증 (“increase”)
hanja form^? of 증 (“add to”)
hanja form^? of 증 (“augment”)

Compounds

증가 (增加, jeungga, “increasing (increased amount)”)
증감 (增減, jeunggam, “increasing and decreasing”)
증량 (增量, jeungnyang, “increasing in quantity”)
증설 (增設, jeungseol, “adding installations”)

Han character

增: Hán Nôm readings: tăng, tâng

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

增

Han character

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Etymology

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Definitions

Synonyms

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Hanja

Compounds

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