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    Anti Malaria Drugs

    Uploaded by

    adugnahirpessa12

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Anti Malaria Drugs

    Uploaded by

    adugnahirpessa12
    3 views13 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    3 views13 pages

    Anti Malaria Drugs

    Uploaded by

    adugnahirpessa12

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    Antimalarial Drugs

    1
    Malaria is Caused by 4 plasmodium species

    P.Vivax
    P.Faliciparum
    P.Ovale
    P.Malaraie
    Transmitted by Female an0pheles Mosquito

    2
    3
    Life cycle of the malaria parasite

    Sexual cycle (In mosquito)

     The mosquito acquires gametocytes when it bites an infected person. These

    fertilize in the gut and eventually migrate as sporozoites to the saliva.

    Asexual cycle (In humans)

     The erythrocytic cycle inside human red blood cells (RBC).

     The exo-erythrocytic cycle outside RBC.

    Life cycle
    ( In humans)
    Asexual cycle Sexual cycle
    ( In mosquito)

    Liver
    RBC
    (exo-erythrocytic cycle) Erythrocytic cycle
    4
    5
    6
    I . Drugs inhibiting Life cycle of plasmodium
    1) Causal prophylaxis: Drugs affecting exoertyhrocytic
    phase
    Tissue schizonticide- inhibiting schizont stage
    in liver- primaquine
    2) Suppressive Prophylaxis: Drugs affecting
    erythrocytic phase
    Blood schizonticides:Inhibiting schozont stage
    in RBC
    quinine,chloroquine,Mefloquine,Artimisinin,
    Antibiotics
    3. Drugs affecting gametocides- Destroy gametocytes
    and prevent transmission
    primaquine,artimisinin
    7
    II Antifolate- Pyrimethamine and Proguanil

    S
    D

    Co-trimoxazole-
    P
    P
    Fanisar- Sulfadoxine + pyrimethamine T

    8
    III Drug inhabiting Heme-polymerase enzyme-

    Hemoglobin Globin utilized by


    malarial parasite

    Heme (highly toxic for malaria parasite)


    Chloroquine
    Quinine, (+) Haem Polymerase
    mefloquine (-)

    Hemozoin (Not toxic to plasmodium)

    9
    IV. Free radical mechanism
    Artemisinin- It is natural derivative obtained form
    Chinese plant- Artemisia annua
    These compounds have presence of endoperoxide bridge
    breakdowning of Endoperoxide bridge generates free
    radicals which damage parasite membrane
    It also act as fast acting blood schizonticides

    Artemisia annua
    10
    V. Druginhibiting electron transport
    chain( ETC) in parasitic mitochondria

    example- Atovaquone
    Malarone-- Atovaquone + proguqanil

    11
    How to Prevent Malaria
    Take steps to prevent mosquito bites by Using
    screens on windows and doors to prevent mosquitos
    from entering your home or hotel room.
    mosquito nets over your bed at night.
    Keep mosquito bites to a minimum by using
    insect repellents. Sprays with DEET (N,N-diethyl-
    meta-toluamide),
    DDT(Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) can be
    effective.
    Make surrounding area of house doesn't have
    stagnated water.

    12
    13

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