Fracture Treatment Assessment

𝐅𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐓𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭
& 𝐀𝐬𝐬𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭
𝐁𝐲: 𝐄𝐥𝐬𝐢𝐞 𝐆. 𝐀𝐛𝐚𝐫𝐪𝐮𝐞𝐳

𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐩𝐜𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐏. 𝐒𝐚𝐥𝐯𝐚𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐞
There is no solution in the management of fractures. Consideration is given to
the severity of the fractures, damage to soft tissues, the age & condition of the
patient, & the economic factors before a specific form of treatment is selected.
WHY TREAT FRACTURES ?
• The best way to answer is to imagine what would happen if we left the
fracture untreated. Without some form of stabilization, fractures can be
excruciatingly painful, and pain control is front and center among the goals
of fracture treatment. A splint, a cast, traction, or surgical fixation, all of
these options for fracture treatment stabilize the injured skeleton and
significantly reduce the pain associated with it. Treating the fracture also
reduces the deformity. Most fractures result in some degree of deformity.
Sometimes, the deformity is significant; sometimes it is not. If the deformity
is significant, leaving it uncorrected would have negative consequences in
terms of musculoskeletal function. Furthermore, deformed bones transmit
abnormal forces to the joints above and below them, which can cause
premature wear of articular cartilage and early arthritis.
GOALS :
• A primary goal in the treatment of fractures with significant deformity is to

correct the deformity so that these adverse consequences can be avoided.
Also, it is usually the case that placing the fractured bone fragments in close
apposition and then limiting the motion of the fracture increases the
chances that the fracture will heal and achieve a bony union. So, the basic
goals of fracture management are to decrease pain, correct deformity, and
increase the chances of fracture healing.
PROCESS :
•Reduction
Principles of Reduction
Reduction involves restoring the anatomical alignment of a fracture or dislocation of the deformed limb. Reduction allows
for:
> Tamponade(blockage) of bleeding at the fracture site
> Reduction in the traction on the surrounding soft tissues, in turn reducing swelling*
> Reduction in the traction on the traversing nerves, therefore reducing the risk of neuropraxia
(where the nerve has been squashed or bruised, but the outer layer and the inner nerve fibres remain intact. The nerve
stops working for a period of time).
> Reduction of pressures on traversing blood vessels, restoring any affected blood supply.
The main principle in any reduction, regardless of the method employed, is to correct the deforming forces that resulted
in the injury.
• Immobilization:
To stabilise fractures temporarily in case of delay before reduction/fixation.
•Splints and casts

•Splint (non-circumferential immobiliser), e.g. plaster backslab, fibreglass
backslab, aluminium/wire/heat-mouldable plastic splints
•Cast (circumferential immobiliser), e.g. fibreglass cast, full plaster cast
•Brace (supportive device that allows continued function)
•Sustained traction:
•Collar and cuff arm sling
•Skin traction (adhesive strappings around parts of limb distil and proximal
to fracture, and weight traction applied to each in opposite directions)
•Traction splint
•Skeletal traction (pins passed through bone to provide point of traction
• Rehabilitation
This refers to the need for most patients to undergo an intensive period of
physiotherapy following fracture management.
Invariably, patients are stiff following immobilisation and therapists are therefore
essential to successful recovery. It is therefore also important to ensure that
patients are advised to move non-immobilised unaffected joints from the outset.
It is also important to remember that many fractures occur in frailty and render the
patient with an inability to weight bear or use an arm, having profound effects on
their ability to cope at home. Therapists are therefore essential in making sure that
this group have suitable adaptations implemented for them during their recovery.
•Methods:
1. Closed Reduction
– is a procedure to set (reduce) a
broken bone without cutting the skin
open. The broken bone is put back in
place, which allows it to grow back
together in better alignment. It works
best when it is done as soon as
possible after the bone breaks.
• 2. Traction
- refers to the practice of gently
pulling on a fractured or dislocated
body part. It’s often used as a
temporary approach to provide
immediate relief after trauma.
The purpose of traction is to guide
the body part back into place and
hold it steady.
Traction may be used to:
• stabilize and realign bone fractures, such as a broken arm or leg

• help reduce the pain of a fracture before surgery
• treat bone deformities caused by certain conditions, such as scoliosis
• correct stiff and constricted muscles, joints, tendons, or skin
• stretch the neck and prevent painful muscle spasms
• 3.Open reduction with Internal
Fixation
- is a surgical procedure for repairing

fractured bone using either plates, screws or
an intramedullary (IM) rod to stabilise the
bone. It is used to repair severely displaced or
open bone fractures where the fracture has
pierced the skin.
• 4. Endoprosthetic
Replacement
-part of the treatment for your
bone tumour the diseased bone
may need to be removed and
replaced with a metal implant. This
metal implant is called an
Endoprosthetic Replacement (or an
EPR). The EPR is made of titanium
alloy and is the same shape and size
as the bone that has been removed.
• 5. External Fixation Device
-used to keep fractured
bones stabilized and in
alignment. The device can be
adjusted externally to
ensure the bones remain in
an optimal position during
the healing process.
ASSESSMENT :
• Fracture healing is a complex physiologic process, relying on the crucial interplay between
biological and mechanical factors. It is generally assessed using imaging modalities,
including conventional radiology, CT, MRI and ultrasound (US), based on the fracture and
patient features. Although these techniques are routinely used in orthopaedic clinical
practice, unfortunately, they do not provide any information about the biomechanical
status of the fracture site. Therefore, in recent years, several non-invasive techniques have
been proposed to assess bone healing using ultrasonic wave propagation, changes in
electrical properties of bones and callus stiffness measurement. Moreover, different
research groups are currently developing smart orthopaedic implants (plates,
intramedullary nails and external fixators), able to provide information about the fracture
healing process. These devices could significantly improve orthopaedic and trauma clinical
practice in the future and, at the same time, reduce patients’ exposure to X-rays. This study
aims to define the role of traditional imaging techniques and emerging technologies in the
assessment of the fracture healing process.
Salamat🦴🦴🦴

Fracture Treatment Assessment

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𝐅𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐓𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭

𝐁𝐲: 𝐄𝐥𝐬𝐢𝐞 𝐆. 𝐀𝐛𝐚𝐫𝐪𝐮𝐞𝐳

• A primary goal in the treatment of fractures with significant deformity is to

•Splints and casts

• stabilize and realign bone fractures, such as a broken arm or leg

- is a surgical procedure for repairing

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