18ECO127T Unit 5

18ECO127T
5G Technology – An Overview
OPEN ELECTIVE (by ECE)
SEM:7
B.TECH
MODULE 5:
5G and Internet of Things (IoT)
Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G Integration – 5G Use Case: Autonomous Vehicles
Introduction, Role of 5G in Enabling IoT
Applications 5G Use Case: Augmented Reality/ Virtual
Reality.
Integration of 5G and IoT Networks
Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) in 5G 5G Use Case: Smart Cities
5G-enabled Smart Cities and Industrial Automation 5G Use Case: Health Care
Future Trends and Applications of 5G: 5G Beyond
2020: 6G and Beyond;
10/30/2023 18ECO127T :: 5G Technology – An Overview :: Unit-5 by Dr. Vivek Kachhatiya [Ref: ECE dept ppt] 2
MODULE 5:
M5 S1
Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G Integration – Introduction, Role of 5G in Enabling IoT
Applications
Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G Integration –
Applications
• The Fifth Generation Communication System (5G) has revolutionized
data (voice, text, and hybrid) transmission and communication.
• Advanced communication protocol and sophisticated technology open up
the opportunity to integrate 5G with other state-of-the-art technologies.
• Similarly, the Internet of Things combines sensors, actuators, and other
devices that network together to collect contextual and environmental data
for application-specific purposes.
• Nowadays, the applications of IoT need a fast data transfer to ensure
smooth service.
• 5G has the potential to achieve this function for IoT.
• However, the energy-efficient architecture and easy-to-manage 5G-
enabled IoT are still developing.
Applications
• The Internet of Objects (IoT) is based on the concept of
intercommunication amongst heterogeneous things that use a variety of
communication standards, stations, sensors, nodes, data centers, and
artificial intelligence (AI) capable devices.
• As a result, the next generation 5G network will be connected to billions
of devices, resulting in a super IoT infrastructure.
• 5G integrated IoT is an idea to develop the communication and
transmission process of data in the IoT environment.
• Implementation of 5G in IoT architecture will change our lifestyle
bringing a vast amount of IoT devices in one place within a second.
Applications
• A General 5G IoT-layered architecture.

Applications
5G Architecture,
1. The network layer,
2. controller layer,
3. management, and
4. service layer
• These are the four levels of the 5G architecture paradigm.
• The 5G protocol stack has two sublayers:
Radio Link Control (RLC) and
Pocket Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP).
• Instead of base stations (BS), 5G’s network architecture uses adaptive,
virtual, and flexible radio access network (RAN) points and a
sophisticated dispersed design.
Applications
A generic architecture for 5G ecosystem must have the following function:

• Radio Access Network (RAN): 5G uses RAN to connect many technologies
providing FDD frequency.
• Data Network: It provides operator services third-party services for internet
access.
• Access and Mobility Management: This function ensures integrity
protection, authorizes access, manages mobility, links among devices,
connect ability, etc.
• Network Slice Selection: This function decides instances for user equipment
and information for the assistance function.
• Server Authentication Function: It does the work of authentication for
trusted and untrusted 3GPP access.
Applications
A generic architecture for 5G ecosystem must have the following
function:
• Control Policy: This function initiates policy frameworks to control

network behavior.
• Network Exposure: It exposes the network application and manages
external and internal communication securing information.
• There are many more functions of 5G architecture varying from
application to application.
• However, the basic scenario of every function tends to achieve more
speed, low latency, proper management, and security.
Applications
• An Insight into IoT
• IoT or the Internet of Things is a networked digital system of various
electronic devices like sensors, activators, receivers, nodes that compute
data, etc.
• By eliminating human involvement, IoT devices have transformed the
data collecting and processing system.
• From top to bottom, IoT devices enhance the development of concepts
like smart home, smart vehicle, smart agriculture, smart health care,
communication, cybersecurity and many more systems.
• They have been used to conduct, monitor, and produce reactions based on
the information gathered.
Applications
• An Insight into IoT
• People have been thinking of connecting devices to the Internet for a long
time.
• The Internet of Things, on the other hand, enhances and extends network
technology based on existing internet technology, allowing computing and
smart objects to connect and communicate with one another.
• The IoT can be broadly defined as any object that communicates,
produces, and interchanges data with other objects via the Internet to
perform orientation tracing, tracking, intelligent recognition, and
management.
• This process is conducted by various sensors or peripherals such as GPS,
thermal sensors, RFID, etc.
Applications
• Characteristics of IoT
• There are many functional and non-functional IoT needs for creating the
infrastructure.
• We will discuss some of the most valuable characteristics of IoT here.
1. Availability
2. Mobility
3. Scalability
4. Security and Privacy
5. Performance
Applications
• Characteristics of IoT: 1. Availability
• To provide customers with facilities wherever and whenever they need
them, IoT availability must be implemented at the hardware and software
levels.
• The capacity of IoT systems to give functionality to anybody in any
location is referred to as software availability.
• The nature of computers that are always compatible with IoT features and
protocols is referred to as hardware availability.
• To allow IoT capabilities, protocols like IPv6, 6LoWPAN, RPL, CoAP,
and others need to be implemented inside the restricted devices of the
single board resource.
• One technique for achieving high IoT service availability is to ensure the
availability of critical hardware and facilities.
Applications
• Characteristics of IoT: 2. Mobility
• Although most utilities are designed to be delivered via Smartphone
devices, IoT implementation is hampered by accessibility.
• A key IoT premise is to keep customers connected to their preferred
resources when moving.
• When mobile devices are relocated from one gateway to another, service
interruptions may occur.
• Caching and tunneling for service continuity allow apps to access IoT data
even if the internet is down for a short time.
• The vast number of smart devices available in IoT systems is usually
included in any solid framework for mobility control..
Applications
• Characteristics of IoT: 3. Scalability
• Scalability in the Internet of Things refers to the ability to accept new
client equipment, software, and capabilities without compromising the
efficiency of existing systems.
• It is not straightforward to add new processes and manage extra devices,
especially when there are several hardware platforms and communication
protocols to contend with.
• IoT applications must be built from the ground up to enable extendable
services and operations...
Applications
• Characteristics of IoT: 4. Security and Privacy
• On diverse networks, such as the Internet of Things, ensuring user security
and privacy is strict.
• The fundamental functioning of the Internet of Things is built on data
transmission between billions, if not trillions, of Internet-connected items.
• One great problem in IoT security left out of the standards is the key
distribution between devices.
• The growing number of intelligent objects around us with sensitive data
necessitates transparent and simple access control management, such as
enabling one vendor to view the data.
Applications
• Characteristics of IoT: 5. Performance
• The performance of IoT services is difficult to evaluate since it is based on
the performance of many components and the underlying technology.
• The Internet of Things, like other programs, must constantly develop and
expand its offerings in order to meet user expectations.
• To give the most value at the lowest cost to customers, IoT solutions must
be monitored and validated.
• IoT performance may be measured using various criteria, including
processing speed, connection speed, system form factor, and cost.
• IoT also needs to manage the larger amount of information or data created
in the ecosystem, ensuring the interoperability and quality of service..
Applications
• Requirements for 5G Integrated IoT Architecture
• 5G-enabled IoT needs special attention for its heterogeneity, advancement,
and application.
• However, there are some requirements that all the architecture should
follow:
1. 5G IoT must ensure a low latency of 1 ms considering the sensitive
internet system and medical perspective.
2. The architecture must ensure low energy consumption for low-battery life
IoT devices but enough for 5G to transfer data.
3. An advanced application like Virtual Reality or Augmented Reality needs
a high speed of 25 Mbps, so the architecture must follow with the future
needs...
Applications
• Requirements for 5G Integrated IoT Architecture
4. Security must be top-notch, considering massive data transmission at a
very highspeed.
5. The devices with mobility factors will get priority for the 5G IoT
infrastructure.
• The fundamental 5G IoT architecture consists of five steps in general:
• Sensors, IoT Gateway, 5G-based station, cloud storage, and
application.
• These steps can be comprised in IoT layers to bring up a general 5G IoT
architecture....
!!THANK YOU!!
!! Have a Nice Day!!
Today we learned about
Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G Integration – Introduction, Role of 5G in Enabling

IoT Applications
MODULE 5:
M5 S2
Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) in 5G
Low Power Wide Area Networks
(LPWAN) in 5G
• Low-power WAN (LPWAN) is a wireless wide-area network technology that
interconnects low-bandwidth, battery-powered devices with low bit rates over long
ranges.
• Created for machine-to-machine (M2M) and internet of things (IoT) networks,

LPWANs operate at a lower cost with greater power efficiency than traditional mobile
networks.
• They are also able to support a greater number of connected devices over a larger area.
• LPWANs can accommodate packet sizes from 10 to 1,000 bytes at uplink speeds up to
200 Kbps. LPWAN's long range varies from 2 km to 1,000 km, depending on the
technology.
• Most LPWANs have a star topology where, similar to Wi-Fi, each endpoint connects
directly to common central access points.
(LPWAN) in 5G
• Types of LPWANs
• LPWAN is not a single technology, but a group of various low-power,

wide area network technologies that take many shapes and forms.
• LPWANs can use licensed or unlicensed frequencies and include

proprietary or open standard options.
• The proprietary, unlicensed Sigfox is one of the most widely deployed

LPWANs today.
• Running over a public network in the 868 MHz or 902 MHz bands, the
ultra-narrowband technology only allows a single operator per country..
(LPWAN) in 5G
• Narrowband-IoT (NB-IoT) and LTE-M are both 3rd Generation
Partnership Project (3GPP) standards that operate on the licensed
spectrum.
• While they have similar performance to other standards, they operate on
existing cellular infrastructure, allowing service providers to quickly add
cellular IoT connectivity to their service portfolios.
• NB-IoT, also known as CAT-NB1, operates on existing LTE and Global
System for Mobile (GSM) infrastructure. It offers uplink and downlink
rates of around 200 Kbps, using only 200 kHz of available bandwidth.
• LTE-M, also known as CAT-M1, offers higher bandwidth than NB-IoT,
and the highest bandwidth of any LPWAN technology.
• Some vendors, are deploying both licensed and unlicensed technologies to
capture both markets
(LPWAN) in 5G
• Other LPWAN technologies include:
• GreenOFDM from GreenWaves Technologies

• DASH7 from Haystack Technologies Inc.
• Symphony Link from Link Labs Inc.
• ThingPark Wireless from Actility
• Ultra Narrow Band from various companies including Telensa, Nwave
and Sigfox
• WAVIoT...
(LPWAN) in 5G
• LPWAN applications
• With decreased power requirements, longer ranges and lower costs than
traditional mobile networks, LPWANs enable a number of M2M and IoT
applications, many of which were previously constrained by budgets and
power issues.
• Choosing an LPWAN depends on the specific application, namely the

desired speed, data amounts and area covered. LPWANs are best suited for
applications requiring infrequent uplink message delivery of smaller
messages. Most LPWAN technologies also have downlink capabilities.
• LPWANs are commonly used in applications including Smart metering,

smart lighting, asset monitoring and tracking, smart cities, precision
agriculture, livestock monitoring, energy management, manufacturing, and
industrial IoT deployments.
5G-enabled Smart Cities and Industrial
Automation
• The adoption of 5G technology has the potential to change numerous industries,
including:
1. Smart cities: 5G can link millions of devices, including sensors, lighting, and traffic
lights, to a network, improving resource management, easing traffic congestion, and
enhancing public safety.
2. Industrial automation: By connecting sensors and other equipment in real time, 5G

can facilitate quicker decision-making and task automation in industrial settings.
3. Healthcare: Remote patient monitoring and telemedicine made possible by 5G can

transform healthcare by enhancing access to treatments, cutting costs, and enhancing
patient outcomes.
4. Smart agriculture: By tying sensors and other equipment to a network that can monitor
and control crucial agricultural operations, 5G can enable precision agriculture, resulting
in higher crop yields and less waste.
Automation
• Smart Cities
• Smart cities are urban areas that use cutting-edge technologies and IoT
gadgets to enhance their people’s infrastructure, services, and quality of
life.
• Intelligent grids, energy-efficient structures, and intelligent transportation
systems are examples of smart city solutions.
• The advantages of smart cities include better resource management,
reduced traffic congestion, enhanced energy efficiency, and improved
public safety.
• In addition to improving public engagement and quality of life, smart city
technologies also make cities more appealing places to live and do
business.
• In general, smart cities have the power to change how we live and work in
cities..
Automation
• Challenges in implementing smart cities
• Although the idea of “smart cities” is intriguing, putting them into practice
presents a number of difficulties:
1. High costs: Adopting smart technology like IoT devices and cutting-edge
sensors can be expensive, and many communities do not have the financial
resources to do so.
2. Data management: It can be difficult to manage and derive insights from

the vast amounts of data generated by IoT devices in smart cities.
Automation
• Challenges in implementing smart cities
3. Cybersecurity Risks: Smart cities are susceptible to cybersecurity concerns like

hacking and data breaches since they include a large number of IoT devices
connected to a network.
4. Privacy issues: Concerns concerning people’s privacy and their personal data are
raised by the use of IoT devices in public areas.
5. Lack of standardization: The application of smart technologies in cities is

currently not standardized, which causes compatibility problems and makes scaling
up solutions difficult.
6. Citizen Acceptance: Public participation and acceptance are crucial for the
success of smart city initiatives. Making sure that citizens are informed and
involved in the development and use of smart technology is crucial....
Automation
• Potential smart city applications with 5G technology
A vast range of applications for smart cities could be made possible by 5G

technology. They consist of:
1. Smart traffic management: Involves monitoring and controlling traffic

flow in real-time with IoT devices and sensors enabled by 5G, increasing
efficiency and lowering congestion.
2. Public safety: Enhancing public safety through real-time danger detection

and response using facial recognition and video surveillance driven by
5G.
Automation
• Potential smart city applications with 5G technology
3. Energy management: Managing energy consumption in real-time while

maximizing efficiency and lowering expenses with 5G-enabled smart grid
technologies.
4. Healthcare: Healthcare: Improving patient outcomes through real-time

remote health monitoring and diagnosis made possible by 5G-powered
telemedicine and remote patient monitoring.
Automation
• Conclusion: The transformative potential of 5G technology on IoT
and smart cities
• In summary, the adoption of 5G technology has the potential to address

the shortcomings of the IoT and smart city networks.
• Real-time apps can be made possible by 5G networks’ high speed and

low latency, which can also ease network congestion and enhance user
experience.
• Moreover, 5G can have a big impact on urban mobility and transportation

by enabling autonomous vehicles, enhancing traffic, and consuming less
energy.
Automation
• Conclusion: The transformative potential of 5G technology on IoT
and smart cities
• By enabling more effective surveillance and emergency response, the

increased connection and network capacity can also improve public safety
and security.
• Last but not least, 5G-enabled smart cities have immense economic
possibilities, from increased production and efficiency to new job
prospects and income streams..
Automation
• 5G would enable Industry 4.0 Integration
• Industry 4.0 refers to the integration of the Internet of Things (IOT) and
other digital technologies in industrial manufacturing.
• This allows for seamless communication and coordination between
different levels of the automation process, from individual machines to
entire factories.
• Industrial automation employs control systems to manage various tasks,

often with cutting-edge technologies such as IoT sensors, AI vision
cameras and autonomous mobile robots.
• 5G has the potential to revolutionize industrial automation by powering
the networking capabilities of its various elements....
Automation
• 5G would enable Industry 4.0 Integration
• Low-latency wireless communications will make it easier to monitor

machines in real-time, giving industry leaders more information and
better control of their facilities.
• The incredible speed of 5G technology will allow for significant
advancements in fields like artificial intelligence and virtual reality.
• By wearing AI and VR headsets, factory technicians and engineers can
get a detailed view of equipment to find components easily, streamline
repair processes and instructions, and improve safety.
• These devices provide a virtual environment for technicians to handle
potentially hazardous parts without being in danger themselves.
• 5G networks offer up to five times faster latency rates, making it ideal for
supporting industry 4.0 business models....
Automation
• Predictive Maintenance and Device Lifecycle Management
• Automated systems are a big investment, and unplanned repairs can make
them even pricier.
• Not only does it cost money to fix the machinery but manufactures also
suffer losses from not being able to use the machines during downtime.
• Manufacturers use predictive maintenance to keep their factory
equipment and other assets in safe, working condition.
• Real-time machine health data is collected by wireless sensors and sent to
cloud-based analytics applications across the network.
• Many industrial machines are now equipped with industrial IOT (IIoT)
sensors.
• These sensors help to monitor equipment status and can send out alerts if
a problem is detected or if the equipment is due for routine maintenance.
Automation
• Predictive Maintenance and Device Lifecycle Management
• 5G not only provides high data speeds and reliable connectivity, but also
allows for more sensors to be deployed to various assets.
• This in turn provides richer data than ever before.
• In addition, the low-latency network environment supports innovative

vibration and motion sensors.....
!!THANK YOU!!

(LPWAN) in 5G
5G-enabled Smart Cities and Industrial Automation
MODULE 5:
M5 S3
Health Care
Health Care
•5G enabled remote healthcare
1.Remote patient monitoring
2.Connected ambulance
3.HD virtual consultations
4.Video-enabled prescription management
Health Care
•Augmented reality/virtual reality healthcare use cases
1.AR/VR assistance for the blind
2.Distraction and rehabilitation therapy
3.Remote expert for collaboration in surgery
4.AR/VR training and education
Health Care
•5G-enabled on-site use cases
1.Real-time, high-throughput computational processing
2.Video analytics for behavioural recognition
!!THANK YOU!!
Health Care

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18ECO127T

• A General 5G IoT-layered architecture.

A generic architecture for 5G ecosystem must have the following function:

• Control Policy: This function initiates policy frameworks to control

Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G Integration – Introduction, Role of 5G in Enabling

• Created for machine-to-machine (M2M) and internet of things (IoT) networks,

• LPWAN is not a single technology, but a group of various low-power,

• LPWANs can use licensed or unlicensed frequencies and include

• The proprietary, unlicensed Sigfox is one of the most widely deployed

• GreenOFDM from GreenWaves Technologies

• Choosing an LPWAN depends on the specific application, namely the

• LPWANs are commonly used in applications including Smart metering,

2. Industrial automation: By connecting sensors and other equipment in real time, 5G

3. Healthcare: Remote patient monitoring and telemedicine made possible by 5G can

2. Data management: It can be difficult to manage and derive insights from

3. Cybersecurity Risks: Smart cities are susceptible to cybersecurity concerns like

5. Lack of standardization: The application of smart technologies in cities is

A vast range of applications for smart cities could be made possible by 5G

1. Smart traffic management: Involves monitoring and controlling traffic

2. Public safety: Enhancing public safety through real-time danger detection

3. Energy management: Managing energy consumption in real-time while

4. Healthcare: Healthcare: Improving patient outcomes through real-time

• In summary, the adoption of 5G technology has the potential to address

• Real-time apps can be made possible by 5G networks’ high speed and

• Moreover, 5G can have a big impact on urban mobility and transportation

• By enabling more effective surveillance and emergency response, the

• Industrial automation employs control systems to manage various tasks,

• Low-latency wireless communications will make it easier to monitor

• This in turn provides richer data than ever before.

• In addition, the low-latency network environment supports innovative

Low Power Wide Area Networks

5G-enabled Smart Cities and Industrial Automation

1.Remote patient monitoring

3.HD virtual consultations

4.Video-enabled prescription management

1.AR/VR assistance for the blind

2.Distraction and rehabilitation therapy

3.Remote expert for collaboration in surgery

4.AR/VR training and education

1.Real-time, high-throughput computational processing

2.Video analytics for behavioural recognition

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