Presentation GBV

GENDER BASED
VIOLENCE
GROUP PARTICIPANTS:
DR SOHAIL SHAIKH
DR MONICA PUNSHI
DR FABEEHA SHAIKH
DR SHUKRIYA KIRAN
ILMA ZUBERI
MUHAMMAD KARIM
DEFINITION:
 Gender based violence's is any harmful act that is
committed against a person’s will and that is based on
social differences between male and female.
 It includes acts that cause physical,sexual,or mental harm
or suffering and other deprivations of liberty.
 These acts can occur in Public or Private.
The high rates of GBV are directly correlated with
patriarchal control of the country’s society and culture. The
gender disparity has not only caused the high rates of GBV
but also has prevented women from participating in societal
institutions such as the workforce, education, and politics.
Ecological Model
Ecological model provides a framework for understanding
Gender based violence as a part of a larger system rather
than as isolated individual acts of violence.
Types of Gender Based Violence:
ONE OF THE IMPORTANT TYPE OF GENDER BASED
VIOLENCE IS DIGITAL VIOLENCE:
In Pakistan ,the digitalization of women and feminist collectives and
their experience of violent misogyny on the internet accentuates the
weakness of the country's internet security mechanisms.
Causes of Gender based violence:
KEY FACTORS: COFACTORS:

 Power Imbalances.  Alcohol and drugs
 Religion  Conflict
 Culture  Natural Disasters
 Traditions  Poverty
 Illiteracy
 Gender Inequality
 Family Separation
Globally one out of every three women is subjected
to some forms of violence.
Gender-Based Violence (GBV) is a severe violation of
human rights, yet women worldwide continue to endure
various forms of violence and abuse each year.
According to the United Nations Population Fund (
UNFPA) 32% of women in Pakistan have faced some form
of physical violence and 40% of married women have
suffered spousal abuse at some point in their life.
Despite recognition of GBV as a public health issue, the
health sector response in addressing GBV is lagging
behind in Pakistan. It may impede the country's ability to
achieve the targets of the Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs).
LAWS RELATED TO GENDER BASE
VIOLENCE IN PAKISTAN:
Child Marriage Restraint Act,1929: This law was promulgated to deal
with child marriages.
 Muslim Family Law Ordinance,1961: This law deals with all the matters
relating to marriage, including
registration,polygamy,divorce,maintenance and other relevant procedures.
 Prevention and control of human trafficking ordinance,2002: This law
defines the crimes of human trafficking.
 Protection for Women ( Criminal law amendment) Act,2006: This law

created changes in two of the Hudood Ordinances, namely the ZINA and
Qazf Ordinance.
 The Protection Against Harassment of Women at the Workplace Act,2010:

This law introduced the definition of harassment at the workplace as an
offence.
 Criminal Law ( second amendment) Act,2011: This law specifically
deals with the offence of hurt being caused by acid.
 Domestic Violence( Prevention and Protection ) Act,2020: This law
has been introduced in the National Assembly by Ministry of Human
Rights with the aim to establish an effective of Protection, relief and
rehabilitation of Women, children, elders and any vulnerable persons
against domestic violence.
 The Protection against Harassment of Women at the Workplace
(Amendment Act) Bill,2022: This law encompasses both informal and
informal workplaces.
Gender Based Violence is most common in Punjab province of

Pakistan therefore the Government of Punjab introduced and
implemented several significant measures to counter gender-
based discrimination, violence against women, and economic
and social empowerment of women. Laws are enlisted on next
Recent Policy Initiatives for Women Empowerment in Punjab
 Punjab Women Empowerment Package 2012 (PWEP)
 Punjab Women Empowerment Initiatives 2014 (PWEI)
 Punjab Women Empowerment Package 2016 (PWEP)
 Punjab Women Development Policy, 2018
 Laws for the Protection of Women in Punjab
 Punjab Women Protection Authority Act, 2017
 Punjab Protection of Women against Violence Act, 2016
 Punjab Muslim Family Laws (Amendment) Act, 2015
 Punjab Family Courts (Amendment) Act, 2015
 Punjab Marriage Restraint (Amendment) Act, 2015
 Punjab Partition of Immovable Property (Amendment) Act, 2015
 The Punjab Land Revenue Act 1967 (Act XVII of 1967) Amendments 2012
 Punjab Enforcement of Women Property Right Act 2021
 Prohibition of Child Age Marriage / Early Age Marriage
 Punjab Fair Representation of Women Act, 2014
 The Punjab Protection against Harassment of Women at the Workplace (Amendment) Act, 2012
Pakistan’s historic After every law is More budget
moment for Pro passed, it's To achieve the allocation for the
women legislation government’s results we need the effective
came in December responsibility to support of implementation of
2011 when three train police, government and women protection
important bills were judiciary and the media. mechanism is
passed. masses about it. required.
CHALLENGES FACED IN
IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS IN
PAKISTAN:
 Cultural and Social Norms: Deep rooted cultural beliefs and
social norms may normalize or even condone gender-based
violence, making it challenging to change attitudes and
behaviors.
 Lack of Awareness: Many people, including law enforcement
officials and policymakers, may not fully understand the
complexities and nuances of gender-based violence, leading to
inadequate responses and support systems.
 Weak Legal Framework: In some cases, laws related to gender-
based violence may be weak or outdated, lacking provisions for
comprehensive protection, support, and justice for survivors.
 Insufficient Resources: Governments may lack the resources,
both financial and human, to effectively implement and enforce
laws related to gender-based violence. This includes funding for
shelters, counseling services, legal aid, and law enforcement
training.
 Stigma and Shame: Survivors of gender-based violence often
face stigma, shame, and fear of retaliation, which can prevent
them from seeking help or reporting incidents to authorities.
 Inadequate Data Collection: Lack of accurate and
comprehensive data on the prevalence and dynamics of gender-
based violence can hinder policy development, resource
allocation, and effective interventions.
 Limited Access to Justice: Many survivors face barriers in accessing
justice, including lengthy legal processes, lack of legal
representation, and biases within the judicial system.
RECOMMENDATIONS:
At the policy level, it is required that the recognition and integration
of GBV as a public health issue takes place with reference to the
national health policy as well as the strategic plans at the provincial
level.
 Health Providers need to have a clear and consistent understanding
of the gender and health needs of different sex and age groups and
clearly understand the social and health outcomes of GBV.
 Promote education and awareness campaigns to challenge harmful
gender stereotypes and promote gender equality from an early age.
 Active involvement of related government line departments at
various levels is imperative with clear and viable interventions and
plans of action for addressing gender based violence.
 Foster International co-operation and solidarity to address gender
based violence on a global scale.
 Reform laws to ensure that they adequately address all
forms of gender based violence.
 An effective dissemination of information on GBV should
be ensured through all channels of communication.
 At the societal level, voluntary associations in the form of
women’s self-help groups and neighborhood groups could
be an effective, socially relevant and sustainable agency to
prevent and/or mitigate the effects of the violence
 Active involvement of key stakeholders and civil society
representatives is necessary in both the public and private
sectors.
 Provide education employment opportunities to women to
increase their economic independence and reduce their
REAL LIFE INCIDENTS
On September 9, 2020, prime accused Malhi and Shafqat alias

Bagga raped a woman at gunpoint in Gujjarpura area while she
was waiting for help on the motorway after her car ran out of
fuel.
From the horrific case of 27-year-old Noor Muqaddam,

who was brutally tortured and beheaded in the nation’s
capital on July 21.
To that of Ayesha Ikram, a TikTok creator, who was harassed and

groped on the country’s Independence Day by more than 400
men on the grounds of one of the country’s major national
monuments, the Minar-e-Pakistan in Lahore.
REFERENCES:
 Ashraf, Adnan, et al. “Domestic and Gender-Based Violence: Pakistan Scenario amidst COVID-19.” Asian Journal
of Social Health and Behavior, vol. 4, no. 1, 2021, p. 47, https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_45_20. Accessed 8 Mar.
2021.
 Council of Europe. “Types of Gender-Based Violence.” Gender Matters, 2023,
www.coe.int/en/web/gender-matters/types-of-gender-based-violence.
 Dr. Kishore Adhikari. Gender Based Violence. 25 Mar. 2019,
www.slideshare.net/kishooami/gender-based-violence-138066055.
 “Gender-Based Violence.” UNFPA Pakistan, 13 Dec. 2017, pakistan.unfpa.org/en/topics/gender-based-violence-6.
Accessed 20 May 2020.
 Hadi, Abdul. “Patriarchy and Gender-Based Violence in Pakistan.” European Journal of Social Sciences Education
and Research, vol. 10, no. 2, 19 May 2017, p. 297,
www.researchgate.net/publication/318536680_Patriarchy_and_Gender-Based_Violence_in_Pakistan,
https://doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v10i2.p297-304.
 Ijaz, Saroop. “Pakistan’s New Law Aims to Protect Women in Workplace.” Human Rights Watch, 20 Jan. 2022,
www.hrw.org/news/2022/01/20/pakistans-new-law-aims-protect-women-workplace.
 “Legislation on VAW.” UN Women | Asia and the Pacific, asiapacific.unwomen.org/en/countries/pakistan/evaw-
pakistan/legislation-on-vaw.
 Naseer, Shirin, and Cameran Ashraf. “Gender-Based Violence in Pakistan’s Digital Spaces.” Feminist Legal Studies,
10 Oct. 2021, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10691-021-09473-3.
 Sarfraz, Azza, et al. “Gender-Based Violence in Pakistan and Public Health Measures: A Call to Action.” Bulletin of
the World Health Organization, vol. 100, no. 7, 1 July 2022, pp. 462–464,
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9243683/, https://doi.org/10.2471/blt.21.287188.
 Tariq, Jawad, et al. “Factors Associated with Undernutrition in Children under the Age of Two Years: Secondary

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GENDER BASED

KEY FACTORS: COFACTORS:

 Protection for Women ( Criminal law amendment) Act,2006: This law

 The Protection Against Harassment of Women at the Workplace Act,2010:

Gender Based Violence is most common in Punjab province of

On September 9, 2020, prime accused Malhi and Shafqat alias

From the horrific case of 27-year-old Noor Muqaddam,

To that of Ayesha Ikram, a TikTok creator, who was harassed and

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