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    Ancient Astronomy

    Uploaded by

    Nadzrah Mohamad Danial

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Ancient Astronomy

    Uploaded by

    Nadzrah Mohamad Danial
    4 views40 pages

    Original Title

    Ancient Astronomy (1)

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    4 views40 pages

    Ancient Astronomy

    Uploaded by

    Nadzrah Mohamad Danial

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 40

    PHYSICAL

    SCIENCE
    GUESS THE WORD!
    Question 1.

    What branch of science


    that deals with
    understanding of celestial
    objects and phenomena in
    the universe?
    YNOSTRMOA
    Question
    2.
    An opposite of
    modern that indicates
    to an earlier era.
    NECIANT
    Question
    3.
    They are known as
    credited in foundations
    of Philosophy, Science
    and Mathematics?
    SEGERKS
    Ancient
    Astronomy
    OBJECTIVES
    At the end of the lesson....
    1. Explain the different observation of
    known philosopher before the advent of
    telescope.
    2. Demonstrate understanding
    on the different theories of the
    origin of the
    universe.
    3. Display interest in knowing the
    different astronomical phenomena in
    the ancient
    Essential
    Question
    Before the invention of the
    telescope how did great
    ancient philosopher
    described the Earth’s place
    in the universe?
    GREEK PHILOSOPHER

    Anaxagoras Eudoxus Eratosthenes

    AristotL Aristarchus Hipparchus


    e
    Explain what causes
    phases of moon
    According to him,
    the moon shone
    only by
    reflected sunlight.
    correctly
    the first the
    to reason
    forexplain
    eclipses of the sun anaxagoras
    and moon.
    For him, the Earth is
    spherical in shape since
    it always cast a curved
    shadow when it eclipses
    the moon. He also
    believed the earth was
    the center of the
    universe.
    aristotle
    He made substantial
    contributions to number
    theory, began the
    necessary interaction
    between observation and
    theory in astronomy and
    gave the first systematic
    explanation of the
    motions of the Sun, eudoxus
    Moon, and planets.
    The very first
    Greek to profess
    the heliocentric
    This heliocentric
    view considered the
    sun as the center of
    the universe. aristarchus
    He first to calculate
    the tilt of the
    Earth's axis.
    He calculated the
    distance from the
    Earth to the Moon
    and to the Sun, but
    with less accuracy. erastosthenes
    He observed and
    compared the
    brightness of 850
    stars and
    arranged them
    into order of
    brightness or Hipparchus
    magnitude.
    He believed that the Earth
    was the center of the
    universe. His Ptolemic Model
    Claimed that as the planets
    move in a complicated system
    of circles. This geocentric
    model also became known as
    the Ptolemaic System. Claudius
    Ptolemy
    MODERN ASTRONOMY
    For him, the sun was the
    stationary center of the solar
    system. The Earth is also a planet.
    This theory proposed by
    Copernicus did not gain the
    approval among astronomers of
    the time. Those who supported
    had to face controversy. Nicolaus
    Copernicus
    Tycho Brahe became
    interested in astronomy while
    viewing a solar eclipse. So, he
    convinced the King of
    Denmark, King Frederick II, to
    build an observatory. His
    major contributions were the
    Tycho Brahe
    pointers, which he designed
    and built.
    Kepler Proposed the three
    laws of Planetary Motion:

    1. The Law of Ellipses


    2. The Law of Equal Areas
    3. The Law of Harmonies
    Johannes
    Kepler
    1. The Law of Ellipses

    The path of the planets about


    the sun is elliptical in shape,
    with the center of the sun
    being located at one focus.
    2. The Law of Equal Areas

    An imaginary line drawn from


    the center of the sun to the
    center of the planet will
    sweep out to equal areas in
    equal intervals of time.
    3. The Law of Harmonies

    The ratio of the squares of the periods of any two


    planets is equal to the ratio of the cubes of their
    average distances from the sun.
    Galileo also believed in a
    Copernican Theory of sun-
    centered solar system. With his
    telescope, he was able to give a
    more-details description of the
    heavenly bodies. These
    discoveries made him a prominent
    scientist of the Italian Galileo
    Renaissance.
    Galilei
    1. There are 4 satellites or moons orbiting Jupiter, which he
    names Io, Callisto, Ganymede and Europa.
    2. The planets are just like the Earth. They look like circular
    disk.
    3. Venus orbits the sun, which is its source of light. Like the
    moon, it also has phases.
    4. The moon’s surface is not smooth. There are mountains,
    craters, and plains. He thought of these plains as bodies of
    water.
    5. The sun had sunspots (dark regions due to lower
    temperatures, as we know today)
    It was Isaac Newton who
    formalized the concept of Inertia
    which was proposed by Galileo.
    Newton also conceptualized the
    force of gravity.
    He envisioned it to be a force
    that holds the heavenly bodies in
    Isaac
    their orbit. Aside from the 3 Law of
    motion, he also formulated the Newton
    Law of Universal Gravitation.
    “In the footsteps of ancient
    stargazers, we thread the path of
    discovery, guided by the light of their
    wisdom and the brilliance of their
    vision.”
    Essential
    Question
    Before the invention of the
    telescope how did great
    ancient philosopher
    described the Earth’s place
    in the universe?

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