The Universal Values and Behavioral Filipino Values
The Universal Values and Behavioral Filipino Values
The Universal Values and Behavioral Filipino Values
LESSON 1: The
Universal Values and
Cultural Behavioral
Filipino Values
INTRODUCTION
“Every society need to be bound together by common values, so that it’s members know what to
expect with each other,and have some shared principles by which to manage their differences without
resorting to violence.”
OBJECTIVES:
Sociologist this term in more precise sense to mean “generalized end which has the connotations of
rightness, goodness or inherent desirability”.
According to Indian sociologist, R.K. Mukherjee, ‘Values are socially approved desires and goals that
are internalize through the process of conditioning, learning or socializations and that become
subjective preferences, standards and aspiration.
American psychologists, Abraham Zaleznik and David Moment sates that “Values are the ideas in
the mind of men compared to norms in that they specify how people should behave. Values also
attach degrees of goodness to activities and relationships.”
Thus, vaues are important because they;
Provide standards of competence and morality are ideas that we hold to be important.
Govern the way we behave, communicate and interact with others.
Transcend specific objects, situation, or persons.
Are relatively permanent and there is resistance to change them.
The foundation for understanding the level of motivation.
Are our perception to help understand what ought to be or what ought not do be.
Imply that certain behaviors or outcomes are preferred over others.
Allow the members of an organization to interact harmoniously. These make it easier to reach goals
that would be impossible to achieve individually.
Are goals set for achievements, and they motivate, define and color our activities cognitive,
effective and connective.
Are the guidepost of our lives and direct us to the who we want to be.
Two Framework for Understanding Values
-Rokeach was an American social psychologist who did research on values and development the
Rokeach Values Survey. According to him, values are divided into two types:
1.Terminal values
-these are values that we think are the most important or most desirable.
-they refer to desirable end states of existence,the goals a person would like to achieve during his or
her lifetime.
2.Instrumental values
-deal with views on acceptable modes of conduct or means of achieving the terminal values.
-these include being honest,sincere,ethical and being ambitous.
-these values are more focused on personality traits and character.
TERMINAL VALUES INSTRUMENTAL VALUES
A world of beauty ( the beauty of nature and the Clean (neat, tidy)
arts)
Equality (brotherhood, equal opportunity for all) Courageous (standing up for your beliefs)
Freedom ( independence, free choice) Helpful (working for the welfare of others)
Mature love (sexual and spiritual intimacy ) Independent ( self – reliant, self – sufficient)
National security (protection from attack) Intellectual (intelligent, reflective)
The list includes four major categories and more specific values under each category:
The Filipino people have a reputation for being cultural hybrids. Culturally, the Filipino people reflect the
diversity of external influences; Oriental (Eastern) and Occidental ( Western). F. there are two models of the
Filipino Values System, the first the exogenous model or the foreign model, while the second is the
indigenous model of the traditional model. ( F. Landa Jocano in Andres, 1981). The exogenous model or the
foreign model considered as the legal and formal model explains that Filipinos have inherited from Western
cultures many of our beliefs, practices particularly from the Spaniards and the Americans. Of course, there
were many foreign influences that reached the Philippines but the country was under Spanish rule for a long
period of time.the indigenous model or traditional model considered as traditional and non-formal explains
that the filipino values are deeply embedded in the filipino subconscious.
The Roots of the Filipino
The roots of the Filipino are Malay, Chinese, Indian. The Malay temper is the main component of the
Filipino culture.Readiness to adjust to new situation and desire to be above all nice are the two strongest
strains in the Malay character. The Malay respects for “niceness” is pne of a kind the malay is frivolous. The
chineses mind/a blend of philosophy and pragmatism, has been transplanted to the Filipino psyche, patience,
perseverance, hardiness and foresight, frugality and. The india influences can be seen mainly in art,
manners, beliefs, and language.
The heart of the Filipino is spanish Christian, Christianization and social organizations along Western
lines leading to political unity and to the Western institution called nation were contributions of the spaniards
to the Filipinos. The religion of 80% of the Filipinos is spanish Catholicism. many of the value judgements are
spanish in origin. Generosity and arrogance are traced to Spanish roots. Delicadeza is typically Spanish.
Gentility or the emphasis on appearance, reputation, privilege, and status are all Spanish.
The mind of the Filipino is americans. American influences include the public health system, road system,
mass education, English language, modern mechanics and techniques of Westernized democracy, public
service and administration,presidential system, congress and municipal government. The american influence
opened up the Filipino thinking to become pragmatic. The docile and obedient mind of the Filipino became
questioning.
I. Subsistence Levels
The first six levels of existence are classified as subsistence levels.The overall goals of these levels are
individual survival and dignity. This would comorise this category:
1. Automatic existence. Filipino value which is within this level is economic security. At the level, the filipino
seeks for the immediate satisfaction of his/her basic physiological needs.
2. Tribalistic existence. Filipino values which fall in this category are: personalistic view of the universe,
supernaturalistics world view, nonscientific and nonrational beliefs, cyclic and psychological time-orientation,
bahala na, suwerte, gaba, awa ng Diyos. At the level, the Filipino defends a life s/he does not understand. He
trusts that his tribal ways are inherent in things. Here is a life based on myth, tradition, and mystical
phenomenon full of spirits, magic and superstitions.
3. Egocentric existence. Filipino values like amor propio, hiya, laulaw, kaikog,kataha, tayo-tayo system,
Filipino subservience, ambivalence, non-interference are in this level. There is the tendency that the raw,
rugged, self-assertive individualism of the Filipino surface.
4. Saintly existence. Pagtitiis, solidarity, utang-na-loob, bayanihan,religiosity are some of the Filipino
perceives that living in this world does not bring about ultimate pleasure.
5.Materialstic exstence. Filipino values,within this livel economic security,sociel
mobility,palakasan,nepotism, and relation to Filipino concepts of property.
6. Personalistic existence. Filipino values within this level are social acceptance, pagsasarili, acceptance of
the person, fear of rejection, sensitivity to person affront, smooth interpersonal relations, (SIR), pleasantness,
desire to please and not to hurt, pakikisama, euphemism, and use of go-between, Filipino hospitality and love
for affiliations.
II.Being Level
7. Cognitive existence. Filipino values within this level are love for education and self-
development,refinement. The Filipino aspires what he can continue to become. The Filipino uses intellect,
knowledge and rationality to put the world together.
8. Experientialistic existence. Filipino values within this level are family, kinship system, barkada, grading,
general social power region, languages, deep sense of personal worth, self-esteem,love, and respect for life.
1. Social acceptance as a goal. Social acceptance is defined as being taken by one’s fellow for what he/she
believes to be and being that image in accordance with his/her status.
Attainment of social acceptance is assisted by two intermediate values, which are:
A.Smooth Interpersonal Relationship (SIR) - the ability to get along with others in such a way as to avoid
outside signs of conflict. The methods used to maintain SIR include pakikisama, euphemisims, and the use
of go-between.
A.1. Pakikisama - giving in or yielding to the majority, even if sometimes it contradicts one’s idea or the
common good. More than anything else, most Filipino would want to get along with everyone and considers
it necessary to maintain good relations.
A.2. Euphemisms - the art of stating an unpleasant truth, opinion, or request as pleasantly as possible.
A.3. The go-between - she serve to prevent a direct confrontation between individuals or groups. The
intermediary is usually requested assist to avoid shame or embarrassment.
B. Sensitivity to personal affront. The loss of social acceptance is guarded against two sanctions discouraging
behavior descriptive of those relations and these are hiya or shame and propio.
B.1. Hiya or shame - a painful emotion arising from a relationship with an authority figure or with society,
inhibiting self-assertions in a situation which is perceived as dangerous to one’s ego.
B.2. Amor propio - the sense of self-esteem that protects the person from losing face especially when his or
her highly valued attributes are at stake.
2. Operational
Equinvalence and solidarity refer to how the segments are viewed by members of a group and by those
not belonging to it. individual members are equated with the total group membership,be it a family or a
social group. Utang na loob, a feeling of indebtedness, is incurred when one receives a favor, service or good,
and a deep sense of obligation to reciprocate when the appropriate times comes. Some parents may expect
their children to have this utang na loob and thus would be forever grateful to their parents. Awa, kaluoy, or
compassion is another operational principle and norm of the filipino. Someone who is insensitive or
stonehearted to appeals of help may be labeled as walang puso ( without heart), anti-social or walang
kuwentang tao ( worthless person). Personalism, another operational principle, places major value to the
personal factors in getting things done. The value can be the foundation of genuine commitment, authentic
respect for the human person, meaningful involvement, deep loyalty, and mature freedom. There is the
danger that through palakasan a person who is less qualified in terms of ability, competence or attainment
gets the position over someone who is best qualified. Pagsasarili belong in this principle. It is the burning
ambition of every Filipino to be self-relaint, to make up one’s own mind and do the thing.
https://youtu.be/YeHjcCzABac?si=SLXO_3JT8sHiNgB
From the book of GMRC page 136 -149
https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/metro-manila-college/bachelor-of-secondary-education/5-eed-15-
module-lesson-materials/48893779.