Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 4 views

    Callus Culture

    Uploaded by

    Sudarshini Borugadda
    Callus is a mass of undifferentiated cells grown in vitro from plant tissue on nutrient media. Haberlandt first developed callus culture in 1902. Callus culture is useful for producing secondary metabolites from medicinal plants without sacrificing entire plants. The process involves extracting plant tissue, growing a callus mass, inducing root and shoot growth, and developing plantlets that can be planted. Callus culture allows for large-scale regeneration of plants and genetic variability exploration.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Callus Culture

    Uploaded by

    Sudarshini Borugadda
    4 views17 pages
    Callus is a mass of undifferentiated cells grown in vitro from plant tissue on nutrient media. Haberlandt first developed callus culture in 1902. Callus culture is useful for producing secondary metabolites from medicinal plants without sacrificing entire plants. The process involves extracting plant tissue, growing a callus mass, inducing root and shoot growth, and developing plantlets that can be planted. Callus culture allows for large-scale regeneration of plants and genetic variability exploration.

    Original Description:

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Callus is a mass of undifferentiated cells grown in vitro from plant tissue on nutrient media. Haberlandt first developed callus culture in 1902. Callus culture is useful for producing secondary metabolites from medicinal plants without sacrificing entire plants. The process involves extracting plant tissue, growing a callus mass, inducing root and shoot growth, and developing plantlets that can be planted. Callus culture allows for large-scale regeneration of plants and genetic variability exploration.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    4 views17 pages

    Callus Culture

    Uploaded by

    Sudarshini Borugadda
    Callus is a mass of undifferentiated cells grown in vitro from plant tissue on nutrient media. Haberlandt first developed callus culture in 1902. Callus culture is useful for producing secondary metabolites from medicinal plants without sacrificing entire plants. The process involves extracting plant tissue, growing a callus mass, inducing root and shoot growth, and developing plantlets that can be planted. Callus culture allows for large-scale regeneration of plants and genetic variability exploration.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 17

    Callus culture

    Callus is defined as a group of cells derived from


    competent source tissue that is cultured under in vitro
    conditions to form an undifferentiated mass of cells.
    Haberlandt was the Austrian botanist who was the first
    one to raise the callus culture. He presented the callus
    culture in the year 1902 by the name totipotentiality.
    Callus culture is very useful to obtain commercially
    important secondary metabolites. If a bit of tissue from a
    medicinally important plant is grown in vitro and produced
    callus culture, then secondary metabolites or drugs can be
    directly extracted from the callus tissues without sacrifying
    the whole plant.
    • A little piece of plant Tissue is extracted from the plant's
    growth point or tip and deposited on M.S medium containing
    nutrients and plant hormones. Hormones cause the cells in
    plant Tissue to divide rapidly, producing a large number of
    cells that create a shapeless lump of material known as a
    'callus.'
    • The callus is then placed in another medium that contains
    plant hormones that encourage the callus to grow roots.
    • The callus with roots is then placed on media containing
    several hormones that stimulate the growth of new shoots.
    • The callus, which has roots and shoots, divides into small
    plantlets. From a few initial plant cells or Tissue, many
    miniature plantlets are created in this method.
    • The plantlets are then transplanted into pots or into the
    ground, where they can grow into adult plants.
    Stages of Callus Culture
    Initiation Phase

    At this stage, the tissue is initiated into the culture. The tissue of interest is
    obtained, introduced and sterilized to prevent the process from any contamination.

    Multiplication Phase
    In this stage, the sterilized explant is introduced into the medium composed of
    growth regulators and appropriate nutrients. They are responsible for the
    multiplication of cells. This undifferentiated mass of cells is known as a callus.
    Root Formation
    The roots start forming. Plant growth hormones are added to initiate the root
    formation. Consequently, we obtain a complete plantlets.

    Shoot Formation
    The plant growth hormones for the formation of shoot are added and the growth is
    observed for a week.

    Acclimatization
    When the plant starts developing, it is transferred to the greenhouse to develop
    under controlled environmental conditions. It is finally transferred to the nurseries
    to grow under natural environmental conditions.
    Application of Callus Culture
     1. The whole plant can be regenerated in large number from callus
    tissue through manipulation of the nutrient and hormonal constituents
    in the culture medium which is called as organogenesis or
    morphogenesis. Similarly, callus can be induce to form somatic embryo
    which can gives rise to whole plant.
     2. Callus tissue is good source of genetic or karyotypic variability, so it
    may be possible to regenerate a plant from genetically variable cells
    of the callus tissue.
     3. Cell suspension culture in moving liquid medium can be initiated
    from callus culture.
     4. Callus culture is very useful to obtain commercially important
    secondary metabolites. If a bit tissue from a medicinally important
    plant is grown in vitro and produced callus culture, then secondary
    metabolites or drugs can be directly extracted from the callus tissues
    without sacrfying the whole plant.

    You might also like