4Ms Prototype Valuesupply Chain

4 M’s of Operation in Relation to the Business
Opportunity.
Operation/Production Management
- It is the administration of business activities to accomplish
goals, achieve higher productivity and maximize profitability.
- Branch of management that administers the complete
production timeline of a service/ product from the input
stage to the finished stage.
- Productions system/process – transformation or conversion
process, is the stage of production where the materials are
transformed into the final product.
4 M’s of Operation in Relation to the Business Opportunity.
Operation management refers to the activities, decisions and
responsibilities of managing the resources, which are dedicated to
the production and delivery of products and services.
- it helps the business to achieve all its objectives
- It helps the business to satisfy its customers
- It helps the business to face competition
- It helps the business to reduce the costs of producing products or
services.
- It helps the business generate employment and boost
economy.
4 M’s of Operation
Manpower
Human resource (manpower) refers to the overall aspect
of planning and organizing the personnel who will fill-in the
key functions of business operation.
What people do you need?
What skillsets should thy have?
How many do you need?
Manpower
Criteria to consider that an entrepreneur to consider in hiring
workforce
- Educational qualification and experience required for the job
- Status of employment (permanent or temporary)
- Number of employees staff needed in the job
- Skills and expertise required
- Conduct of background checking and issuance of requirements
- Availability of potential workers in the community
- Amount of salary and wages and other mandatory benefits
Method
- The process to be followed in effectively
manufacturing or delivering a product or service.
- Methods refers to the system and step by step process
in the business.
- The process, procedures or way of transforming raw
materials to finished goods.
Method
Selection of the method of production is dependent on
some factor:
- Products to produce
- Manufacturing equipment to use
- Required skills to do the work.
Machine
- Is about the manufacturing equipment used in the
production of goods or delivery of service.
- Without the proper equipment, business will not be
able to perform the needed tasks efficiently and fast.
Machine
Selection an equipment to purchase
- Types of product to be produced
- Production system to be used
- Cost of equipment
- Availability of spare parts in the local market
- Efficiency and durability of the equipment
- Skills requires in operating the equipment
Materials
- Refers to the raw materials necessary in the
production of a products.
Materials mainly form part of the finished product,
just in case the resources are below standard, the
finished product will be unsatisfactory as well.
Materials
Selection of raw materials
- Cost
- Quality
- Availability
- Credibility of supplier
- Waste that raw material may produce
4 MS of production/operation
A particular form of procedure for accomplishing or approaching

METHOD something, especially a systematic and established one.
The number of people working or available for work or service.

MANPOWER
An apparatus using or applying mechanical power and having

several parts, each with a definite function and together performing
MACHINE a particular task.
The matter from which a thing can be made. Facts , information,

MATERIALS ideas or materials for use in creating work.
Recruit qualified people for one’s business
enterprise
The success of your business will depend on your ability
to put together team of highly qualified people who are
committed to the goal and objectives of the business. Recruit
an employee who:
- Work hard and work smart
- Have specific skills required
- Able to work with little supervision
- Take initiative to make things happen
- Are flexible to business needs
PROTOTYPE
Prototype is a scaled-down version of a

product. It is a visual representation of our
idea and allows us to test our ideas directly
with users before developing into a fully-
fledge product.
STEPS IN CREATING PRODUCT/SERVICE PROTOTYPE
1. Concept sketch – draw your idea to help you visualize your
prototype in greater deal.
2. Virtual Prototype – create a digital sketch of your idea. If you
are not skilled with computer drawing and rendering tools,
professional graphic designer can assist you.
3. Physical prototype – build a physical prototype, once your
first prototype is built, you may find flaws that need to
correct. You may need to build several prototypes to get a
good one done.
4. Locate a manufacture that can produce your product.
TEST THE PRODUCT PROTOTYPE
Prototype testing is the process of testing
your prototype with real users to validate
design decisions before development
starts.
- The goal is to identify problems and areas of
improvement early so you can make the necessary
changes prior to development and build a product
that meets users’ needs and expectations.
Method applied in testing the product prototype
1. Focus group discussion – participants will provide relevant
insights about the new product/ service
2. Legality and ethical test – prior to lunching, the
entrepreneur must ensure that the product or service
complies will all relevant laws and regulations and has a
necessary license or permit to operate.
3. Safe test – the entrepreneur must ensure that the
product is safe to use, consumed (food & beverages) and
safe to be applied (cosmetic products)
Method applied in testing the product prototype
4. Product costing test – the entrepreneur must examine
every stage of the manufacturing process to evaluate and
finalized the cost involved.
5. Components test – each component of the product/service
must be tested independently to identify component failures.
Any failure identified must be redesigned and tested again
until it becomes fully operational and functional.
6. Competitors test – the entrepreneur must test a similar line
of product/service to compare and get best practices to be
applied to the new product or service.
PROTOTYPE PURPOSES
1. Validate customer demand and save resources
-Having your target customer engaged with your product
prototype will give you enough data to know whether your idea
is worth the investment.
2. Improve your product’s aesthetics and meet customers’
standards.
Prototyping presents numerous opportunities for
improvement, both technical and aesthetic.
3. Showcase to investors during fundraising to gain their
support.
People need to see it to believe it
Validation of market acceptability.
Product validation is the process of going out

the market to discover if your customer really want
or need the solution you’re envisioning.
The process of finding out if the intended
primary target market will be buying the product or
availing the service.
Select/pinpoint potential
suppliers of raw materials and
other inputs necessary for the
production of the product or
service
Potential suppliers of Raw Materials
Selecting the right suppliers is essential for
building a successful business. By employing
some supplier’s criteria, it is possible to
identify enterprises who are reliable and meet
your particular need.
Factors to consider in selecting potential suppliers of
raw materials and other inputs
1. Price – if you focused on managing your finance, a
main consideration for selecting suppliers is
affordability yet possesses a good quality product.
2. Reliability – defined as the ability of the supplier to
consistently supply an acceptable raw materials at a
required time.
3. Stability – when entering to long term contract with
a supplier, conduct performance review on their
credit history to see if they are financially stable.
Factors to consider in selecting potential suppliers of
raw materials and other inputs
4. Location – consider about location when selecting
supplier, dealing with distant suppliers might provide
you longer delivery time and extra loa cost.
5. Developing Partnership
Value and Supply Chain
in relation to business enterprise
Value Chain
Is defined as the series of activities that adds value
to the product.
Series of input activities that a company carries out
in order to create value for its customers
Refers to the process in which businesses receive
raw materials, add value to them through production,
manufacturing, and other processes to create a finished
product to customers.
Value chain primary activities
1. Inbound logistics – receiving, warehousing, inventory control.
2. Operating – value-creating activities that transforms inputs into
products, such as assembly and manufacturing.
3. Outbound logistics – activities required to get a finished product to
a customer. These includes warehousing, inventory management
& shipping.
4. Marketing and sales – activities associated with getting a buyer to
purchase a product.
5. Service – activities to maintain products and enhance consumer
experience, such as customer service, maintenance, repair, refund
and replacements.
Value and Supply Chain
in relation to business enterprise
Supply Chain
The integration of all the activities involved in the
procurement, conversion and logistics of the product.
Supply chain represents the steps it takes to get the
product or service to the customers.
Example would be:
From raw material producer, manufacturer, distributor,
retailer and retail customer.

4Ms Prototype Valuesupply Chain

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4 M’s of Operation in Relation to the Business

A particular form of procedure for accomplishing or approaching

The number of people working or available for work or service.

An apparatus using or applying mechanical power and having

The matter from which a thing can be made. Facts , information,

Prototype is a scaled-down version of a

Product validation is the process of going out

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