Part 1 Prevention of Substance Use and Abuse

OBJECTIVES:
• Describe the Drug Scenario in the

Philippines;
• Define Drugs and its two types;
• Discuss the risk factors of young people
vulnerable of drug use and Protective
factors against drug abuse.
Prevention of
Substance Use and
Abuse
DRUG SCENARIO IN THE PHILIPPINES
What do you
observe on the
picture?
What do you
observe on the
picture?
What do you
observe on the
picture?
What is the drug
scenario in the
Philippines?
What is the drug scenario in the Philippines?
This use drugs has become major help in the

field of medicine. Most illnesses and disorders
can be cured by drugs. However, even good
things have their drawbacks.
What is the drug scenario in the Philippines?
Drug use and abuse is a growing problem

worldwide. In the Philippines, it has increased
dramatically and most drug users are
alarmingly young people.
What is a DRUGS?
What is drugs?
A drug is any chemical substance that alters

either the mind or the body. Such substances
can turn harmful and fatal when not properly
taken .
They are dangerous when not
properly used. Most of these
substances are psychoactive drugs
affecting the central nervous
system. They change moods,
feelings, personality, and
behaviour.
What are the two
types of drugs?
What is the Over the
counter Drugs (OTC)?
Over-the -counter (OTC)
drugs are drugs which not
need prescription in buying.
What is Prescription
Drugs?
PRESCRIPTION DRUGS
are restricted drugs that can only
be purchased legally when
prescribed by physicians. These
drugs are controlled substances
are they usually abused.
What are the classification
of drugs?
Pharmacological classifications
classifies drugs based on how they affect

biological system. They can be classified as
stimulants, depressants, hallucinogens,
and volatile solvents.
Legal classifications
drugs are classified based on the

harms they cause to the user or to
society when used illegally.
What are the factors that
influence substance use and
abuse?
● Lack of self-respect
● Unable to express
emotions in healthful ways
● Peer using drugs
● Accessibility to drugs
● Unable to delay
gratification
● Peer injection
● drug -dependent biological
Risk factors of young family member
people vulnerable of
drug use
● Problems in family
relationships
● Role models who are drug
users
● Using drugs early in life
● Not active in school
activities and sports
● Disrespect for authority
and the law
Risk factors of young
people vulnerable of
drug use
● Self-respect
● Practice resistance skills
● Friends not involved in
drug misuse and abuse
● Able to delay gratification
● Being resilient
● Social skills
Protective factors ● Set goals and planning
against drug
abuse
● Healthful family
relationships
● Positive role models
● Stress management skills
● Anger management skills
● Involvement in school
activities and sports
● Respect for authority and
the law
Protective factors
against drug abuse
PART 2
OBJECTIVES:
• Define types of Drugs;
• Discuss the Effects of Drugs in Body.
Substance of
Abuse
What is a
STIMULANTS
?
Stimulants
Also referred to as “uppers”, are

psychoactive drugs which stimulate the
central nervous system.
Stimulants
● This causes the user to have elevated

mood, alertness, and awareness.
Stimulants
● Medical uses of the drugs include
treatment of mild depression, overweight,
and chronic sleep disorder called
narcolepsy -an overwhelming daytime
drowsiness and sudden attack of sleep.
Stimulants
● When the stimulants wears off, the user

will fatigue, weakness, sleepiness, deep
sadness, and depression. This stage is
called the down period of the crash.
What is a
DEPRESSANTS?
Depressants
Also called “drowners”, are anti-psychotic

relaxation, drowsiness, and sleepiness.
Depressants
“Higher doses of the drugs would cause

impaired memory, judgement, and
coordination; paranoia and suicidal
tendencies; and coma or death.
Depressants
● The types of depressants are:

a. Tranquilizers - cause mild effects and are used for
anxiety.
b. Barbiturates - more potent depressants used for
sleep disorders and seizures
c. Hypnotics- the strongest of the depressants.
Two major types of sedative-hypnotics
Barbiturate- used to help people sleep

and relieve tension.
Benzodiazepines - used to treat
anxiety; commonly known as
tranquilizers
What is a
NARCOTICS?
Narcotics
Also known as “pain killers”, are drugs

which slow down the central nervous
system and often prescribed by physicians
as analgesics or drugs that relieve pain.
Narcotics
● These drugs slow down body functions like

breathing and heart rate.
● Use of narcotics drugs should only be done
with the supervision of a physicians.
Types of Narcotics
a. Opium - made from second seedpod of

the poppy plants which produces
euphoric effects or unconsciousness
lasting for hours.
Types of Narcotics
B. Morphine - a widely-used painkiller derived

from the opium.
● Often used after surgery or for cancer cases.
● A small dose relieves pain while large dose
induces sleep.
Types of Narcotics
C. Heroin - heroin was initially developed from morphine as

treatment for tuberculosis and cure for morphine addiction.
● Is highly addictive with an awful withdrawal effect like
sweating, chills, diarhea, abdominal pain, and cramps in the
legs. Severe mental and emotional anguish is also
experienced.
Types of Narcotics
To stop these symptoms, Users need to take

another dose of the drugs. Regular use increases
tolerance which in turn furthers the dose intake,
which would lead to physical dependence and
greater addiction.
Medical uses of narcotics:
● Used as analgesic to relieve pain.
● Used as cough suppressants-
narcotics in cough suppressants
slow down the activity of the
cough control center located in
the medulla of brain
What is a
HALLUCINOGENS
?
Hallucinogens
Also called psychedelic drugs, are

drugs which interfere with our senses
and cause hallucinations.
Hallucinogens
● They bring imagined sights, sounds, or

feeling and may result to memory loss,
personality changes, non-performance of
normal activities, or losing track of time and
surrounding. Theses effects may last from
several hours to days.
Hallucinogens
● Some types of hallucinogen drugs

are LSD or lysergic acid
diethylamide, PCP or angel dust,
ketamine, and mescaline.
What is a
INHALANTS?
Inhalants
Are chemicals that produce vapor,

affecting mood and behaviour when
inhaled.
Inhalants
● Non-medical inhalants are uncontrolled drugs.

● Most abused inhalants are easily accessible because
they are common household products, construction
and industrial supplies, beauty products, and
medical supplies found at home and at the
workplace.
Inhalants
● They deliver a very quick high, by

sniffing, huffing or bagging from
balloons, aerosol cans and other
containers, but usually last only for
a few minutes.
Inhalants
● Harmful effects to health of these

chemicals are permanent brain damage,
leukaemia, poisoning, mental
dysfunction, damaged heart and kidney,
or even sudden death.
Inhalants
● Some types of inhalants include

rugby, nail polish remover, gasoline,
nitrous oxide or laughing gas, and
furniture polish.
Reflection:
1. What are the drugs commonly

used and abused by young people in
our country today?
Reflection:
2. Why do young people use drugs?

Reflection:
3. What do you think is the
main purpose of drugs in
our health and community?
Reflection:
4. Do you think drugs can be

Legal here in the Philippine?

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OBJECTIVES:

• Describe the Drug Scenario in the

This use drugs has become major help in the

Drug use and abuse is a growing problem

A drug is any chemical substance that alters

classifies drugs based on how they affect

drugs are classified based on the

Also referred to as “uppers”, are

● This causes the user to have elevated

● When the stimulants wears off, the user

Also called “drowners”, are anti-psychotic

“Higher doses of the drugs would cause

● The types of depressants are:

Barbiturate- used to help people sleep

Also known as “pain killers”, are drugs

● These drugs slow down body functions like

a. Opium - made from second seedpod of

B. Morphine - a widely-used painkiller derived

C. Heroin - heroin was initially developed from morphine as

To stop these symptoms, Users need to take

Also called psychedelic drugs, are

● They bring imagined sights, sounds, or

● Some types of hallucinogen drugs

Are chemicals that produce vapor,

● Non-medical inhalants are uncontrolled drugs.

● They deliver a very quick high, by

● Harmful effects to health of these

● Some types of inhalants include

1. What are the drugs commonly

2. Why do young people use drugs?

4. Do you think drugs can be

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