SW 101 Topic 3

SOCIAL WELFARE
SOCIAL WELFARE
An organized concern of all people for all people

(Gertrude Wilson)
Organized system of social services and institutions,

designed to aid individuals and groups to attain satisfying
standard of life and health (Walter Friedlander)
TWO VIEWS OF SOCIAL WELFARE
RESIDUAL
- It conceives social welfare structure as temporary, offered
during emergency situations and withdrawn when the regular
social system is again working properly.
TWO VIEWS OF SOCIAL WELFARE
INSTITUTIONAL
- It sees Social Welfare as a proper, legitimate function of
modern society. That some individuals are not able to meet all
their needs is considered a “normal” condition, and helping
agencies are accepted as “regular” social institutions.
CATEGORIES OF SOCIAL WELFARE
SOCIAL SECURITY
- This refers to the whole set of compulsory measures instituted too

protect the individual and his family against the consequences of an
unavoidable interruption or serious diminution of the earned income
disposable for the maintenance of a reasonable standard of living.
PERSONAL SOCIAL SERVICES
- These refer to service functions which have major bearings upon

personal problems, individual situations of stress, interpersonal
helping or helping people in need, and the provision of direct
services in collaboration with workers from government and
voluntary agencies.
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE
- This refers to material/concrete aids/ supports provided,

usually by government agencies, to people who have no
income or means of support for themselves and their families
for reasons such as loss of employment, natural disasters, etc.
SOCIAL SERVICES
It refers to the programs, services, and other

activities provided under various auspices, to
concretely answer the needs and problems of
the members of the society.
REASONS FOR PROVIDING SOCIAL SERVICES
1. Humanitarian and Social Justice goals

2. Social Control goals
3. Economic Development Goals
SOCIAL WORK AS A PROFESSION
IS SOCIAL WORK A PROFESSION?
R.A 4373 “SOCIAL WORK LAW”
Social Work is the profession which is primarily

concerned with organized social service activity
aimed to facilitate and strengthen basic social
relationships and the mutual adjustment between
individuals and their social environment for the
good of the individual and of society by the use of
social work methods.
A SYSTEMATIC BODY OF KNOWLEDGE
Tested Knowledge
Hypothetical knowledge
 Assumptive Knowledge
PROFESSIONAL AUTHORITY
Certain limitations to the Swers exercise professional authority:

1. Prescribing guides for facets of the client’s life where his competence does
not apply;
2. Using his position of authority to exploit the client for his own personal
gratification.
3. Using the professional relationship for the satisfaction of the professional’s

sexual need, the need to manipulate others, or to live vicariously.
SANCTION OF THE COMMUNITY
The passage of R.A 4373 in 1965 marked the formal

acceptance of social work as a profession by the
community.
SANCTION OF THE COMMUNITY
The sanction of community carries with it at least three

professional privileges:
1. Confidentiality
2. Immunity
3. Specialized education
REGULATIVE CODE OF ETHICS
Every profession must have a regulative code of ethics to

guide the professional conduct of its members and insure
for itself the continued confidence of the community. The
code must be updated regularly to meet new challenges
and emerging social situations for which there are no
provisions.
PROFESSIONAL CULTURE
Social work has its own professional culture. It

is reflected in the agencies where it serves, in
educational and research centers, and its
professional association.
PURPOSE & PURVIEW OF SW
WHAT IS THE FOCUS OF SOCIAL
WORK?
PURPOSE OF SOCIAL WORK
Social work seeks to enhance the social functioning of individuals,

singularly and in groups, by activities focused upon their social
relationships which constitute interaction between individuals and
their environments. These activities can be grouped into three
functions: restoration of impaired capacity, provision of individual
and social resources, and prevention of social dysfunction.
~ Wernes Boehm(1958)
The central focus of social work traditionally seems to have been on the
person-in-his-life-situation complex – a simultaneous dual focus on man and
his environment. This focus has been concentrated at some times on the side
of the organism as interpreted by psychological theory and at other times on
the side of environment as interpreted by sociological and economic theory.
The mainstream of social work, however, has become neither applied
psychology nor applied sociology.
~ William Gordon(1969)
The purpose of Social Work is to enhance the

person’s social functioning, that is, the improvement
of his interaction between himself and his
environment. It is the product of his activity as he
relates to his surroundings.
WHAT IS SOCIAL FUNCTIONING?
It means the interaction between the individual and his

situation or environment.
“person and situation”; “person and environment”

WHAT IS SOCIAL FUNCTIONING?
Is what results from the interaction between two

forces – the individual’s coping capacities and the
demands of his situation/environment.
SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT
Is a network of overlapping social

system and social situations, including
ecological systems, cultures and
institutions.
SOCIAL SITUATION
Social situation is an impinging segment of the social

environment. It is a smaller, more immediate environment
that “has a meaning for the individual and that is uniquely
perceived and interpreted by him, in which he has one or
more status – roles and identities, is a group member and a
role performer”.
SOCIAL ROLES
It is the socially recognized patter of behaviors and

activities expected from an individual occupying a
certain position in society. All human interactions
involve the performance of certain social roles.
So, social functioning is the result of the individuals'
performance of his social roles
CAUSES OF SOCIAL
FUNCTIONING PROBLEMS
1. Factors inherent in the person

- physical condition, attitudes, values, perceptions of reality.
2. Factors in the situation or environment
- Lacks of resources or opportunities, expectations that are beyond
the individual’s coping capacities.
3. Factors in both the person and the situation or
environment.
CHANGE STRATEGIES OF SOCIAL WORK
1. Change strategies directed toward the individual

if personal inadequacies or sometimes pathologies
make it difficult for the individual to cope with the
demands of his situation or environment.
2. Change strategies directed toward the

environment if it is the latter that is beset with
inadequacies, or if the situation is such as to be
beyond the coping capacities of the individual.
3. Change strategies directed toward both the

individual and the environment.
FUNCTIONS OF SOCIAL WORK
RESTORATIVE
It is aimed at rehabilitating clients whose

functioning has been impaired by physical, mental
or social difficulties. It implies a temporary
breakdown of normal functioning. It may be
curative or rehabilitative.
RESTORATIVE
Curative
- When it seeks to remove factors which have
caused the breakdown.
 rehabilitative.
- When it tries to put back the person to anormal or
healthy state of social functioning
PREVENTIVE
It involves the early discovery, control, and

elimination of those conditions or situations which
may have a harmful effect on social functioning.
DEVELOPMENTAL
To seek out, identify, and strengthen the maximum

potential in individuals, groups and communities.
MAJOR TASKS OF SOCIAL WORK
(PINCUS AND MINAHAN)
1. Helps people enhance, improve their problem
solving and coping abilities
2. Link and helps people obtain resources
3. Makes the resource systems and organizations

responsive to the people
4. Influences and contributes to the improvement and
development of social policy.
5. Facilitates interaction between the individual and others in

the environment.
6. Influence interaction between organizations and

institutions.

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SOCIAL WELFARE

An organized concern of all people for all people

Organized system of social services and institutions,

- This refers to the whole set of compulsory measures instituted too

PERSONAL SOCIAL SERVICES

- These refer to service functions which have major bearings upon

- This refers to material/concrete aids/ supports provided,

It refers to the programs, services, and other

1. Humanitarian and Social Justice goals

Social Work is the profession which is primarily

Certain limitations to the Swers exercise professional authority:

3. Using the professional relationship for the satisfaction of the professional’s

The passage of R.A 4373 in 1965 marked the formal

The sanction of community carries with it at least three

Every profession must have a regulative code of ethics to

Social work has its own professional culture. It

Social work seeks to enhance the social functioning of individuals,

The purpose of Social Work is to enhance the

It means the interaction between the individual and his

“person and situation”; “person and environment”

Is what results from the interaction between two

Is a network of overlapping social

Social situation is an impinging segment of the social

It is the socially recognized patter of behaviors and

1. Factors inherent in the person

1. Change strategies directed toward the individual

2. Change strategies directed toward the

3. Change strategies directed toward both the

It is aimed at rehabilitating clients whose

It involves the early discovery, control, and

To seek out, identify, and strengthen the maximum

2. Link and helps people obtain resources

3. Makes the resource systems and organizations

5. Facilitates interaction between the individual and others in

6. Influence interaction between organizations and

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