Lecture 2.2.1
Lecture 2.2.1
Lecture 2.2.1
https://www.iqsdirectory.com/resources/every
To give knowledge about semiconductor physics and discus thing-you-ever-wanted-to-know-about-semicon
working and applications of basic devices, including p-n ductors/
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junctions, BJTs and FETs.
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Course Outcomes
S.NO Description Blooms’ Taxonomy
Level
4
An Introduction to Optoelectronics
• Optoelectronics is the communication between optics and electronics
which includes the study, design and manufacture of a hardware
device that converts electrical energy into light and light into energy
through semiconductors.
• This device is made from solid crystalline materials which are lighter
than metals and heavier than insulators. Optoelectronics device is
basically an electronic device involving light. This device can be
found in many optoelectronics applications like military services,
telecommunications, automatic access control systems and medical
equipments.
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Types of Optoelectronics Devices
Optoelectronics are classified into different types such as
• Photodiode
• Solar Cells
• Light Emitting Diodes
• Optical Fiber
• Laser Diodes
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Photo Diode
• A photo diode is a semiconductor light sensor that generates a
voltage or current when light falls on the junction. It consists of an
active P-N junction, which is operated in reverse bias. When a photon
with plenty of energy strikes the semiconductor, an electron or hole
pair is created. The electrons diffuse to the junction to form an
electric field.
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APPLICATIONS OF OPTOELECTRONICS
DEVICES
• Propeller Display of Message by Virtual LEDs
• LED Based Automatic Emergency Light
• Mains Operated LED Light
• Display of Dialed Telephone Numbers on Seven Segment Display
• Solar Powered Led Street Light with Auto Intensity Control
• Solar Energy Measurement System
• Arduino based Solar Street Light
• Solar Powered Auto Irrigation System
• Solar Power Charge Controller
• Sun Tracking Solar Panel
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PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT IN
SEMICONDUCTORS
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Photon Interaction with Semiconductors
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Photoelectric principles
• According to quantum mechanics, electrons bound to atoms occur in
specific electronic configurations. The highest energy configuration
(or energy band) that is normally occupied by electrons for a given
material is known as the valence band, and the degree to which it is
filled largely determines the material’s electrical conductivity.
• In a typical conductor (metal), the valence band is about half filled
with electrons, which readily move from atom to atom, carrying a
current.
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Applications
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