Penology and Punishment Aguilar James
Penology and Punishment Aguilar James
Penology and Punishment Aguilar James
AND
PUNISHMENT
PENOLOGY
Penology has stood in the past and, for the most part,
at a given time.
APPROACH TO PENOLOGY
1. Administrative Penology
2. Scientific Penology
3. Academic Penology
4. Analytical Penology
Administrative Penology
responsibilities. Before taking the job, they must undergo entry-level training
inmates.
Scientific Penology
1. Retribution,
2. Deterrence,
3. Rehabilitation,
4. Incapacitation, and
5. Restoration
1. RETRIBUTION
Retribution is probably the oldest justification of punishment and can
be found in the theories offered by Kant and Hegel (Brooks, 2001). It is
the fact that the individual has committed a wrongful act that justifies
punishment, and that the punishment should be proportional to the
wrong committed. Its underlying premise has been summarized by the
philosopher Kurt Baier as follows:
• All those convicted of a wrongdoing or crime deserve punishment;
• only those convicted of a wrongdoing or crime deserve punishment;
• the severity of the punishment should not be less than the gravity of the
crime;
• the severity of the punishment should not be greater than the gravity of the
crime (Baier, 1977, p. 37, emphasis in original).
2. DETERRENCE
Theories of deterrence draw on Jeremy Bentham's philosophy of
on what it will achieve in the future. Theorists claim that the pain of
punishment and the costs of imposing that pain upon the offender are
offenders.
The logic of this theory is that if the imposition of criminal punishment deters people
from committing crimes then the general public can enjoy a greater sense of safety
public from future wrongs or harms, and that such protection can be afforded through
restricting the offender's liberty, their movements or ability to commit a further wrong.
The most extreme form of incapacitating punishment is the death penalty, but there
are several other forms including imprisonment, curfews, house arrest, electronic
sentencing, however, has been subject to serious criticism, on both moral and
empirical grounds.
5. Reparation
The concept of reparation has been the subject of
https://www.britannica.com/topic/punishment
https://www.coursehero.com/file/29911617/1-Concept-of-Penology-Corrections-and-Punishments1ppt/