Management and Engineering Concepts
Management and Engineering Concepts
Management and Engineering Concepts
• 5000 – 1600 BC Planning and control; material scheduling Pyramids: transportation system for huge
systems; organizational hierarchy. objects; marketing of metal alloys
Approximate Period Management Thoughts/Concept Accomplishments and Their Contributors
2000 – 1700 BC Minimum wage; written receipts for control Code of Hammurabi purposes.
1491 BC Planning, organizing, controlling, partici- Moses, exodus of Jews from Egypt
pative managements, span of control
600 BC Production control; incentive wage payments Nebuchadnezzar, colour coding of raw
materials for specific production lots
500 – 325 BC System approach; specialization, scientific Mencius; Cyrus; Plato; Socrates; Alexander the Great;
methods used; motion study; material handling development of trading companies; development of
techniques; use of the staff principle military organizations
• 1900 – AD 1920 , Scientific Management; functional organization; principles of management; time and
motion studies; research on production methods; Gantt charts; training programs for workers; appli-Max
Webber cation of psychology to management; economic lot size theory; office management concepts;
efficiency engineering
• Huge growth in productivity; revolutionary methods in the workplace; Frederick Taylor; Frank and Lillian
Gilbreath; Henry Gantt; Hugo, Munsterberg; Walter Dill Scott; Harrington Emerson; Henri Fayol;
1920 – AD 1940 Modern birth of human relations in industry; Hawthorne studies; Elton Mayo; Mary Parker Follett; Oliver Sheldon;
social responsibility of management; group James Mooney; Chester Burnard
dynamics; theories of motivation and communi-
cation; principles of organization
Contemporary
Contributors to
Management
Contemporary Contributors to Management
Russell Ackoff 1956, 1963
Contributor
Year
Contributions
Contemporary Contributors to Management
Howard Raiffa and Robert Schlaifer 1965, 1967
Contributor
Year
Contributions
Contemporary Contributors to Management
Abraham Maslow 1954, 1964
Developed major theory of individual motivation known as hierarchy
of needs. Considered as the founder of humanism in modern
organizations.
Contributor
Year
Contributions
Contemporary Contributors to Management
Douglas Mcgregor 1960, 1967
Described Theory X and Theory Y assumptions of human behavior.
Laid groundwork for coordinating human effort in complex
organizations
Contributor
Year
Contributions
Where it all began?
Scientific Management Theory
His work led to the founding of the Human Relations Management Theory.
Other theorists adopted his research. They used it to look for ways to
create high-performing teams. These efforts still had the same aims of
previous theories. They aimed for greater efficiency and better results. But
Mayo’s work emphasised the importance of the human factor.
In 1960, Douglas McGregor built on the McGregor argued that Theory Y is the better
teamwork-related ideas in the Hawthorne Studies. choice of the two. Modern management bears his
He published The Human Size of Enterprise to
claims out as well. Though authoritarianism still
make his points. In that book, McGregor presents
two types of management: Theory X and Theory Y. exists, most don’t see it as the way to develop a
healthy organization. Theory Y forms the basis of
most modern management theories.
Reference:
• https://www.greatmanagers.com.au/management-theory-origin/