Science Q4 Week 1

TYPES OF SOIL
AND ITS
CHARACTERISTICS
Rearrange the following letters below to form a word.
AWTR
WATE
LOIS
SOIL
ADSN
SAND
AOML
LOAM
LYCA
CLAY
Identify the different type of soil.
CHARACTERISTICS
•It is a mixture of sand and clay.

•It contains large amount of decaying plants
and animals.
•It has a fine texture. It is usually dark in
color.
•It has a moderate water holding capacity.
•It is rich in plant nutrients and best for
growing plants.
CHARACTERISTICS
Particles are coarse, loose and gritty to

feel.
It has a large particle size with large pore
spaces.
It has low water holding capacity,
thereby it easily drained.
It is poor in nutrient.
CHARACTERISTICS
Particles are packed together tightly.

It is sticky when wet and has the finest
and powdery texture when dried.
Reddish brown in color.
Has high water holding capacity
TYPES OF
CHARACTERISTICS
SOIL
1. clay soil
2. loam soil
3. sandy soil
1. What are the three types of soil?
2. What common characteristics did you
observe on your sample or on the picture?
3. Do they have the same color, texture and
odor?
4. Why do you think soil is important?
5. Among the three types of soil, which is
best for plants? Why?
Types of Soil Common Characteristics
1. clay Particles are packed together tightly. It is

sticky when wet and has the finest and
powdery texture when dried.
Reddish brown in color.
Has high water holding capacity
It is a mixture of sand and clay. It has a fine

2. loam texture. It can hold enough amount of water
and contains large amount of decaying plants
and animals and organisms which make it
best for planting.
Does not hold water well because the

particles are coarse, loose and gritty to feel.
3. sand
It has a large particle size with large pore
spaces.
It has low water holding capacity, thereby it
easily drained.
It is poor in nutrient.
Soil is a system into which energy
and matter from the sun, the
atmosphere, and living organisms
penetrate and interact. It is a system
because it is composed of many
different parts. Each of the layers has
a special function to perform .
Layers of Soil
Humus – comes from the
decaying
plants and animals.
Topsoil (1 Horizon)
often rich in humus and
minerals.
Subsoil (2 Horizon)
poor in humus, rich in minerals.
Parent rock (3
Horizon) little or no plant or no
animal life.
Bedrock – 4 Horizon
Layers of Soil
The Topsoil (A-Horizon) is the

uppermost layer of the soil. This
layer is rich with organic materials
called humus and with minerals
needed for plant growth. Humus
comes from decaying plants and
animals. The soil’s dark color is a
sign of the presence of humus.
Several kinds of plants can be seen
growing on this layer.
Layers of Soil
The Sub-soil (B-Horizon) is

located just below the topsoil.
It is composed of loosely
arranged rocks, sand, and clay.
This layer is very rich with
minerals that drain from
topsoil. When the topsoil is
washed out, the subsoil alone
cannot support plant life.
Layers of Soil
The Parent Rock (C-

Horizon) is composed of
rocks that are slowly
breaking apart. It is
exposed to very little
weathering. It does not
contain necessary nutrients
and water needed for plant
growth.
Layers of Soil
The Bedrock (D-Horizon)

is the lowest of the soil layers.
It is made up of undisturbed
large boulders and gravel. This
layer contains materials good
for constructing buildings and
making roads. No plant life can
survive in this layer.
Layers of Soil
A. Directions:Identify what is being described below.
_______________1. It is a mixture of sand and
clay.
_______________2. The particles of this soil are
coarse and loose.
_______________3. The particles of this soil are
packed together tightly.
_______________4. The kind of soil that is sticky
when wet and has the finest texture.
_______________5. It contains large amount of
decaying plants and animals.
Layers of Soil
Directions: Compare and contrast the types of soil based on their characteristics. Write your
answer on the circle provided.
LOAM
SAND CLAY
Assignment:
•Bring 3 types of soil (small amount)

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TYPES OF SOIL

•It is a mixture of sand and clay.

Particles are coarse, loose and gritty to

Particles are packed together tightly.

1. clay Particles are packed together tightly. It is

It is a mixture of sand and clay. It has a fine

Does not hold water well because the

The Topsoil (A-Horizon) is the

The Sub-soil (B-Horizon) is

The Parent Rock (C-

The Bedrock (D-Horizon)

•Bring 3 types of soil (small amount)

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