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    PowerPoint Accident Investigation

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    darius sutherland
    The document discusses accident investigation and provides guidance on conducting investigations. It defines accident investigation as determining the root causes of accidents to prevent recurrences. Key steps include fact finding, developing investigation processes, training staff, and auditing completed investigations. Common techniques used in investigations are discussed such as cause analysis trees, job safety analysis, failure mode and effect analysis, and fault tree analysis. The document outlines 10 specific steps for a successful accident investigation including defining the scope, selecting investigators, analyzing data, and concluding with a written report.

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    PowerPoint Accident Investigation

    Uploaded by

    darius sutherland
    69 views18 pages
    The document discusses accident investigation and provides guidance on conducting investigations. It defines accident investigation as determining the root causes of accidents to prevent recurrences. Key steps include fact finding, developing investigation processes, training staff, and auditing completed investigations. Common techniques used in investigations are discussed such as cause analysis trees, job safety analysis, failure mode and effect analysis, and fault tree analysis. The document outlines 10 specific steps for a successful accident investigation including defining the scope, selecting investigators, analyzing data, and concluding with a written report.

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    The document discusses accident investigation and provides guidance on conducting investigations. It defines accident investigation as determining the root causes of accidents to prevent recurrences. Key steps include fact finding, developing investigation processes, training staff, and auditing completed investigations. Common techniques used in investigations are discussed such as cause analysis trees, job safety analysis, failure mode and effect analysis, and fault tree analysis. The document outlines 10 specific steps for a successful accident investigation including defining the scope, selecting investigators, analyzing data, and concluding with a written report.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    69 views18 pages

    PowerPoint Accident Investigation

    Uploaded by

    darius sutherland
    The document discusses accident investigation and provides guidance on conducting investigations. It defines accident investigation as determining the root causes of accidents to prevent recurrences. Key steps include fact finding, developing investigation processes, training staff, and auditing completed investigations. Common techniques used in investigations are discussed such as cause analysis trees, job safety analysis, failure mode and effect analysis, and fault tree analysis. The document outlines 10 specific steps for a successful accident investigation including defining the scope, selecting investigators, analyzing data, and concluding with a written report.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION

    E2
    NKOSI ANSARI
    NATHANAEL FRANCIS

    KAYLA GANGA
    MARK PRICE
    DHARMESH MAHARAJ
    WHAT IS ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION?

     An accident is any unplanned event that results in


    personal injury or in property damage. It can take the
    form of; basic causes, indirect causes or direct causes.
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    Accident investigation is the process of
    determining the root causes of accidents, on
    the job injuries, property damage and close
    calls in order to prevent them from occurring
    again.
    WHY IS ACCIDENT
    INVESTIGATION IMPORTANT?

    Accident investigation is important in the view


    of the fact that it can lead you to the starting
    point of why an incident occurred. Armed with
    that knowledge, affirmative steps can be taken
    to prevent further accidents from transpiring.
    WHAT IS REQUIRED FOR ACCIDENT
    INVESTIGATION?
     Develop a process that deals with:
    - fact finding not fault finding
    - determining the root cause of why the accident occurred
    - creating changes to prevent recurrence
     Set a policy that accidents and close calls will be carried out
    with appraisal
     Provide training and tools to staff conducting investigations
     Audit completed investigations to ensure that they are being
    completed on a timely manner with an adequate level of detail.
    CAUSE ANALYSIS TREE DIAGRAM
    Management Safety Policy & Decisions
    BASIC CAUSES Personal Factors
    Environmental Factors

    INDIRECT CAUSES Unsafe Act Unsafe Conditions

    Unplanned Release of Energy


    DIRECT CAUSES and/or Hazardous Material

    ACCIDENT
    Personal Injury
    Equipment Damage
    STEPS TO SUCCESSFUL ACCIDENT
    INVESTIGATION:
     The procedures used in a particular investigation depends on the nature
    and results of the accident. In general, responsible officials will appoint
    an individual to conduct the investigation.
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    I. Define the scope of the investigation
    II. Select the investigator(s)
    III. Present a preliminary briefing to the investigating team
    IV. Visit and Inspect the accident site
    V. Interview each victim and witness
    VI. Analyze the data obtained by putting it together
    VII.Repeat step V again If necessary
    VIII.Determine the sequence of events, its causes and possible solutions
    IX. Conduct a post-investigation briefing
    X. Conclude the investigation with a well-written report
    STEPS TO SUCCESSFUL ACCIDENT
    INVESTIGATION:
    I. DEFINE THE SCOPE OF THE INVESTIGATION: Give the extent of
    the area which is relevant to where the accident transpired.

    II. SELECT THE INVESTIGATOR(S): Ensure that the individuals being


    chosen to carry out the investigation, is reliable, honest and well-
    educated.

    III. PRESENT A PRELIMINARY BREIFING TO THE INVESTIGATING


    TEAM: Description of the accident with damage estimates, Normal
    operating procedure, Location of the accident site, List of witnesses and
    victims, Events that preceded the accident.

    IV. VISIT AND INSPECT THE ACCIDENT SITE: Secure the area, Do not
    disturb the scene unless hazardous substances exist, Prepare necessary
    sketches and photographs; label each carefully and keep accurate record.
    STEPS TO SUCCESSFUL ACCIDENT
    INVESTIGATION:
    V. INTERVIEW EACH VICTIM AND WITNESS:
    -Appoint a speaker for the group
    -Get preliminary statements as soon as possible from all witnesses
    -Locate the position of each witness on a master chart (including the direction of view)
    -Arrange for a convenient time and place to talk to each witness
    -Explain the purpose of the investigation and put each witness at ease
    -Listen, let each witness speak freely, and be courteous and considerate
    -Take notes without distracting the witness
    -Use a tape recorder only with consent of the witness
    -Use sketches and diagrams to help the witness.
    -Emphasize areas of direct observation.
    -Be sincere and do not argue with the witness.
    -Record the exact words used by the witness to describe each observation. Do not "put words into a
    witness' mouth."
    -Word each question carefully and be sure the witness understands.
    -Identify the qualifications of each witness’ (name, address, occupation, years of experience, etc.)
    -Supply each witness with a copy of his or her statements. Signed statements are desirable.
    STEPS TO SUCCESSFUL ACCIDENT
    INVESTIGATION:

    VI. ANALYZE THE DATA OBTAINED BY PUTTING IT TOGETHER: Determine what was
    not normal before the accident occurred, Where the abnormality occurred, When it was first
    noted, How it occurred.

    VII. REPEAT STEP VI, IF NECESSARY: It is important to go through the data collected from
    the accident again for safety to make sure that no important detail was left out.

    VIII. DETERMINE THE SEQUENCE OF EVENTS , ITS CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS: After
    proper analysis of the data, the investigator would be able to determine the series of events
    which occurred; the reason behind each cause and solutions to the causes.

    IX. CONDUCT A POST-INVESTIGATION BRIEFING: Ensure that everyone present before,


    after and during is aware of the accident, how it transpired and its possible solutions.

    X. CONCLUDE THE INVESTIGATION WITH A REPORT:


    STEPS TO SUCCESSFUL ACCIDENT
    INVESTIGATION:
    The following outline has been found 3. Discussion (Analysis of the
    especially useful in developing the Accident - HOW; WHY)
    information to be included in the formal - Direct causes (energy sources;
    report: hazardous materials)
    1. Background Information - Indirect causes (unsafe acts and
    - Where and when the accident occurred conditions)
    - Who and what were involved - Basic causes (management
    - Operating personnel and other policies; personal or
    witnesses environmental factors)

    2. Account of the Accident (What 4. Recommendations (to prevent a


    happened?) recurrence) for immediate and
    - Sequence of events long-range action to remedy:
    - Extent of damage - Basic causes
    - Accident type - Indirect causes
    - Agency or source (of energy or - Direct causes (such as reduced
    hazardous material) quantities or protective
    PROBLEM SOLVING TECHNIQUES:
    Change Analysis:
    As its name implies, this technique emphasizes change. To solve a problem, an
    investigator must look for deviations from the norm. As with the scientific
    method, change analysis also follows a logical sequence. It is based on the
    principle of differences described in the discussion of the scientific
    method. Consider all problems to result from some unanticipated change.
    Make an analysis of the change to determine its causes.
    Use the following steps in this method:
    1. Define the problem (What happened?).
    2. Establish the norm (What should have happened?).
    3. Identify, locate, and describe the change (What, where, when, to what
    extent).
    4. Specify what was and what was not affected.
    5. Identify the distinctive features of the change.
    6. List the possible causes.
    PROBLEM SOLVING TECHNIQUES:
    Sequence Diagrams:
    Gantt charts are sequence diagrams. Use them for scheduling investigative
    procedures. They can also aid in the development of the most probable
    sequence of events that led to the accident. Such a chart is especially useful in
    depicting events that occurred simultaneously.

    Job Safety Analysis:


    Job safety analysis (JSA) is part of many existing accident prevention programs.
    In general, JSA breaks a job into basic steps, and identifies the hazards
    associated with each step. The JSA also prescribes controls for each hazard. A
    JSA is a chart listing these steps, hazards, and controls. Review the JSA during
    the investigation if a JSA has been conducted for the job involved in an
    accident. Perform a JSA if one is not available. Perform a JSA as a part of the
    investigation to determine the events and conditions that led to the accident.
    PROBLEM SOLVING TECHNIQUES:
    Failure Mode and Effect Analysis:
    Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) determines where failures occurred.
    Consider all items used in the task involved in the accident. These items include
    people, equipment, machine parts, materials, etc. In the usual procedure, FMEA
    lists each item on a chart. The chart lists the manner or mode in which each item
    can fail and determines the effects of each failure. Included in the analysis are the
    effects on other items and on overall task performance. In addition, make
    evaluations about the risks associated with each failure. That is, project the chance
    of each failure and the severity of its effects. Determine the most likely failures that
    led to the accident. This is done by comparing these projected effects and risks with
    actual accident results.

    Fault Tree Analysis:


    Fault tree analysis (FTA) is a logic diagram. It shows all the potential causes of an
    accident or other undesired event. The undesired event is at the top of a "tree."
    Reasoning backward from this event, determine the circumstances that can lead to
    the problem. These circumstances are then broken down into the events that can
    lead to them, and so on. Continue the process until the identification of all events
    can produce the undesired event. Use a logic tree to describe each of these events
    FAULT TREE ANALYSIS
    EXAMPLE:
    Equipment: A worker is standing on the top step of a ladder and falls off. it may
    appear as if
    the accident was purely caused by worker negligence. But further investigation will lead
    us to
    understand that the root cause was a lack of proper equipment - a lack of a ladder tall
    enough
    for the worker to safely use.

    Training: A worker fixing a machine is suddenly shocked. We may assume that since
    there
    was electricity involved, the situation was inherently hazardous. But there are specific
    procedures that allow for electrical equipment to be worked on safely, procedures taught
    through proper training. Upon further investigation we come to realize that the worker
    did not
    attend the necessary training in order to properly operate and maintain the equipment.
    Root
    cause: lack of proper training.

    Procedures: A worker appears to slip and lose his footing while climbing a
    scaffolding. Falls
    SUMMARY:

    Several accidents occur daily on various sites. These result from a


    failure of people, equipment, supplies, or surroundings to behave
    as expected. A successful accident investigation determines not
    only what happened, but also finds how and why the accident
    occurred. Investigations are an effort to prevent a similar or
    perhaps more disastrous sequence of events. Any one of several
    problem solving techniques based on the approach may be used.
    An investigation is not complete however, until completion of a
    final report. Responsible officials can then use the resulting
    information and recommendations to prevent future accidents.
    RESOURCES:
    https://www.isri.org/docs/default-source/safety/accident-investigation-guide.p
    df?sfvrsn=a164a013_10

    https://www.labtrain.noaa.gov/osha600/refer/menu16a.pdf

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rFWlllJi-_w
    THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

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