The Gospel of Mark: Jesus The Sacrificial Servant
The Gospel of Mark: Jesus The Sacrificial Servant
The Gospel of Mark: Jesus The Sacrificial Servant
Background Basics
Author:
Anonymous Thought to be John Mark (Acts 12:12; 12:25; 13:5,13; 15:37-38; Col. 4:10; Philemon 24; 2 Tim. 4:11; 1 Pet. 5:13; note Mk. 14:51-52)
Background Basics
Audience:
Roman citizens omits many Jewish references fewer OT quotations (1:2-3; 7:6-7) and references (4:12; etc.) explains Jewish customs (7:2; 14:12; 15:42) interprets Aramaic words (3:17; 5:41; 7:34; 15:22) uses Latin terms in place of Greek (4:21; 6:27,42; 15:15,16,39) mentions the wife who puts away (10:12)
Background Basics
Date:
Prior to the destruction of Jerusalem in A.D. 70 (Mk. 13:2) Possibly A.D. 55 65 Jesus the sacrificial servant (Mk. 10:45) Mark is the gospel of action portraying Jesus as a servant on the move (straightway or immediately is used forty times from 1:10 to 15:1)
Theme:
Background Basics
Outline: Jesus the Sacrificial Servant Isaiah 53 --- Mark 10:45
Presented (1:1 2:12) Opposed (2:13 8:26) Teaches (8:27 10:52) Rejected (11:1 15:47) Exalted (16:1-20)
Jesus, Divine Son of God John For Jews and Gentiles (1:1,14; 20:31)
Mark At A Glance
Theme Reference Topic Time Service Mark 1-10 Sacrifice Mark 11-16
Sayings and Sufferings Signs about 3 years, about 40 days 6 months Galilee and Perea Judea and Jerusalem
Location Date
c. A.D. 29-33
3. Jesus comes to John 4. Jesus is tempted 5. Jesus preaches in Galilee 6. Jesus teaches and heals in Capernaum
1 2
4?
NT Citation
Mark 1:2-3 Mark 4:12 Mark 7:6-7 Mark 7:10 Mark 8:18 Mark 9:48 Mark 10:6-8 Mark 10:19
Subject Matter
John the Baptist use of parables empty ritualism 5th Commandment hardened hearts punishment of Hell male and female 5th 9th Commandments
1 John 2:16
Mark 1:12-13
The Second Adam
Command these stones to become bread The Devil showed him all the kingdoms Throw yourself
Desirable to
Pride of life
Water Baptism and Holy Spirit Baptism Compared and Contrasted Mark 1:8
Administrator John, Apostles, Jesus NT Christians (promised) (commanded) Element Purpose Water Remission of sins All who will repent Holy Spirit
Miraculous confirmation demonstration and inspiration Apostles (Acts 1:4-5; 2:1-4) and Cornelius (10:44-46; 11:1517)
Recipients
controlled priesthood; law of Moses only; denied the resurrection and spirits Jewish party loyal to Herod, opposed to the Pharisees
Zealots are not mentioned in the Book of Mark. Essenes are not mentioned by name in the Bible.
The Servant Presented (1:1 1:45) The Servant Opposed (2:1 8:26)
2:23-24
3:2-4
6:2
The Servant Presented (1:1 1:45) The Servant Opposed (2:1 8:26)
Mark 3 Healing in the Synagogue Healing Many by the Sea Choosing the Twelve Healing the Demon Possessed Note: 3:1,7,13,19
11. Simon Simon Judas of James Judas of James * Called Labbaeus in Matthew 10:3 (KJV)
The Servant Presented (1:1 1:45) The Servant Opposed (2:1 8:26)
Initial Opposition to the Servant (2:1 3:35) Parables of the Servant (4:1-34)
Other minor differences: 3:9-11,15,20-21,23; 4:24; 5:4-5,26,29-30; 6:6,13,19-21,23-24,31,52; 7:2-4,30; 9:10,21-24,26-27,33-34,41; 10:24; 11:16; 12:32-34; 14:59; 15:8,41,44; 16:1,14-20
The Servant Presented (1:1 1:45) The Servant Opposed (2:1 8:26)
Initial Opposition to the Servant (2:1 3:35) Parables of the Servant (4:1-34) Miracles of the Servant (4:35 5:43)
The Servant Presented (1:1 1:45) The Servant Opposed (2:1 8:26)
Initial Opposition to the Servant (2:1 3:35) Parables of the Servant (4:1-34) Miracles of the Servant (4:35 5:43) Growing Opposition to the Servant (6:1 8:26)
Mark 6 In his own country On the sea Came to Gennesaret Note: 6:1,6,32,45,53
Archelaus Herod of Chalcis Aristobolus Herod the Great Herod Antipas1 Herodias3 Herod Philip I2 Bernice Herod Agrippa I Herod Agrippa II Drusilla
Salome4 ?
Antipater
1
Mark 6:17
Mark 6:17
Mark 6:22-
The Growth of the Disciples in the Book of They grow in their Mark
understanding of the nature of Jesus who he is They grow in their understanding of the teaching of Jesus what he says They grow in their understand of the demands of Jesus what he requires of them
4:40 6:52 11:22
9:19 45
9:33-35; 10:35-
The Servant Presented (1:1 1:45) The Servant Opposed (2:1 8:26)
Initial Opposition to the Servant (2:1 3:35) Parables of the Servant (4:1-34) Miracles of the Servant (4:35 5:43) Growing Opposition to the Servant (6:1 8:26)
Mark 7 Near Capernaum Borders of Tyre and Sidon Borders of Decapolis Note: 7:24,26,31
The Servant Presented (1:1 1:45) The Servant Opposed (2:1 8:26)
Initial Opposition to the Servant (2:1 3:35) Parables of the Servant (4:1-34) Miracles of the Servant (4:35 5:43) Growing Opposition to the Servant (6:1 8:26)
The Roman Caesars Caesar Key Event Augustas 31 B.C. A.D.14 Birth of Christ Tiberius A.D. 14 37 Caligula A.D. 37 41 Claudius A.D. 41 54 Nero A.D. 54 68 Galba, Otho, Vitellius Vespasian A.D. 69 79 Titus A.D. 79 81 Domitian A.D. 81 96 Ministry of Christ
Jews expelled from Rome
The Servant Presented (1:1 1:45) The Servant Opposed (2:1 8:26) The Servant Teaches (8:27 10:52)
Death and discipleship (8:27 9:50) Divorce (10:1-12) Death and discipleship (10:13-52)
The Servant Presented (1:1 1:45) The Servant Opposed (2:1 8:26) The Servant Teaches (8:27 10:52)
Death and discipleship (8:27 9:50) Divorce (10:1-12) Death and discipleship (10:13-52)
Marriage, Divorce, Remarriage: A Summary You put away (except for fornication), you make Matthew 5:32 her an adulteress; one who marries her commits
adultery
let not man put asunder; you put away (except for fornication) and marry another you commit adultery; one who marries her commits adultery let not man put asunder; You put away wife and marry another you commit adultery against her; you put away your husband and marry another you commit adultery You put away your wife and marry another you commit adultery; one who marries her commits adultery wife and husband are bound as long as each one lives; death releases you from the marriage bond; if you are joined to another while your first husband lives you will be called an adulteress
1 Corinthians 7:1016,27,39
do not depart; if you do, remain unmarried or be reconciled; if unbeliever departs let him, you are not under bondage; are you bound in See also: Genesis 2:18-24; Malachi 2:14-15; Ephesians 5:21-33; Hebrews marriage, seek not to be loosed; the wife is bound
The Servant Presented (1:1 1:45) The Servant Opposed (2:1 8:26) The Servant Teaches (8:27 10:52)
The Servant Rejected (11:1 15:47) First rejection (11:1-26) Second rejection (11:27 13:37) Third rejection (14:1-72) Final rejection (15:1-47)
Mark 11 Bethphage, Bethany Mount of Olives Jerusalem The Temple Note: 11:1,11,12,15,19,27
1. Entry into Jerusalem (Sunday) 2. Cleansing of the temple (Monday) 3. Day of teaching (Tuesday) 4. No activity recorded (Wednesday) 5. Passover meal (Thursday) 6. Trial (a), crucifixion (b) (Friday) 7. Burial (Friday, Saturday, Sunday) 8. Resurrection 7
8 6b
6a 2 3
6a 6a 5
The Final Week of Jesus Public Ministry Triumphal entry into Mark 11:1-11 Sunday Jerusalem, left for Bethany
Mark 11:12-19 Mark 11:20- 14:11
Cursing of the barren fig tree, cleansing the temple Teaching in the temple, fall of Jerusalem foretold, anointing at Bethany
Passover meal prepared and eaten, Gethsemane Betrayal, arrest, trial, scourging, crucifixion, death, burial Burial, spices prepared Resurrection, appearances to followers
The Servant Presented (1:1 1:45) The Servant Opposed (2:1 8:26) The Servant Teaches (8:27 10:52)
The Servant Rejected (11:1 15:47) First rejection (11:1-26) Second rejection (11:27 13:37) Third rejection (14:1-72) Final rejection (15:1-47)
The Final Week of Jesus Public Ministry Triumphal entry into Mark 11:1-11 Sunday Jerusalem, left for Bethany
Mark 11:12-19 Mark 11:20- 14:11
Cursing of the barren fig tree, cleansing the temple Teaching in the temple, fall of Jerusalem foretold, anointing at Bethany
Passover meal prepared and eaten, Gethsemane Betrayal, arrest, trial, scourging, crucifixion, death, burial Burial, spices prepared Resurrection, appearances to followers
1. Entry into Jerusalem (Sunday) 2. Cleansing of the temple (Monday) 3. Day of teaching (Tuesday) 4. No activity recorded (Wednesday) 5. Passover meal (Thursday) 6. Trial (a), crucifixion (b) (Friday) 7. Burial (Friday, Saturday, Sunday) 8. Resurrection 7
8 6b
6a 2 3
6a 6a 5
The Servant Presented (1:1 1:45) The Servant Opposed (2:1 8:26) The Servant Teaches (8:27 10:52)
The Servant Rejected (11:1 15:47) First rejection (11:1-26) Second rejection (11:27 13:37) Third rejection (14:1-72) Final rejection (15:1-47)
The Final Week of Jesus Public Ministry Triumphal entry into Mark 11:1-11 Sunday Jerusalem, left for Bethany
Mark 11:12-19 Mark 11:20- 14:11
Cursing of the barren fig tree, cleansing the temple Teaching in the temple, fall of Jerusalem foretold, anointing at Bethany
Passover meal prepared and eaten, Gethsemane Betrayal, arrest, trial, scourging, crucifixion, death, burial Burial, spices prepared Resurrection, appearances to followers
1. Entry into Jerusalem (Sunday) 2. Cleansing of the temple (Monday) 3. Day of teaching (Tuesday) 4. No activity recorded (Wednesday) 5. Passover meal (Thursday) 6. Trial (a), crucifixion (b) (Friday) 7. Burial (Friday, Saturday, Sunday) 8. Resurrection 7
8 6b
6a 2 3
6a 6a 5
Mark 13:1-37
The occasion (vv. 1-2) The question (vv. 3-4) Deceivers (vv. 5-6)
Luke 21:5-36
The occasion (vv. 5-6) The question (v. 7) Deceivers (v. 8)
Wars, disasters (vv. 6-8)Wars, disasters (vv. 7-8)Wars, disasters (vv. 911) Persecution (vv. 9-14) Tribulation (vv. 15-22) Persecution (vv. 9-13) Tribulation (vv. 14-20) Persecution (vv. 12-19) Tribulation (vv. 20-24) ---
Coming (vv. 29-31) Coming (vv. 24-27) Coming (vv. 25-28) * Matthews account the Olivet Discourse Fig tree (vv. 32-35) of Fig tree (vv. 28-31) continues to Matthew Fig tree (vv. 29-33) 25:46 Transition (v. 36) Transition (v. 32) ---
The Servant Presented (1:1 1:45) The Servant Opposed (2:1 8:26) The Servant Teaches (8:27 10:52)
The Servant Rejected (11:1 15:47) First rejection (11:1-26) Second rejection (11:27 13:37) Third rejection (14:1-72) Final rejection (15:1-47)
The Final Week of Jesus Public Ministry Triumphal entry into Mark 11:1-11 Sunday Jerusalem, left for Bethany
Mark 11:12-19 Mark 11:20- 14:11
Cursing of the barren fig tree, cleansing the temple Teaching in the temple, fall of Jerusalem foretold, anointing at Bethany
Passover meal prepared and eaten, Gethsemane Betrayal, arrest, trial, scourging, crucifixion, death, burial Burial, spices prepared Resurrection, appearances to followers
1. Entry into Jerusalem (Sunday) 2. Cleansing of the temple (Monday) 3. Day of teaching (Tuesday) 4. No activity recorded (Wednesday) 5. Passover meal (Thursday) 6. Trial (a), crucifixion (b) (Friday) 7. Burial (Friday, Saturday, Sunday) 8. Resurrection 7
8 6b
6a 2 3
6a 6a 5
Mary and Judas Compared and Contrasted Mark 14:3-11 Mary Judas Had a loving heart Had a loveless heart Gave generously Bartered greedily Praised by Jesus for her Plotted against Jesus actions Attributed worth to Jesus Pursued heavenly values Remembered for her selfishness Doubted and despaired Sought earthly solutions Remembered as a traitor
Some Illegalities in the Trials of Jesus 1. Trial at night 2. Abused while on trial 3. False testimony allowed
The Servant Presented (1:1 1:45) The Servant Opposed (2:1 8:26) The Servant Teaches (8:27 10:52)
The Servant Rejected (11:1 15:47) First rejection (11:1-26) Second rejection (11:27 13:37) Third rejection (14:1-72) Final rejection (15:1-47)
The Final Week of Jesus Public Ministry Triumphal entry into Mark 11:1-11 Sunday Jerusalem, left for Bethany
Mark 11:12-19 Mark 11:20- 14:11
Cursing of the barren fig tree, cleansing the temple Teaching in the temple, fall of Jerusalem foretold, anointing at Bethany
Passover meal prepared and eaten, Gethsemane Betrayal, arrest, trial, scourging, crucifixion, death, burial Burial, spices prepared Resurrection, appearances to followers
Some Illegalities in the Trials of Jesus 1. Trial at night 2. Abused while on trial 3. False testimony allowed 4. No defense was allowed 5. Incriminated for what Jesus said 6. Guilty until proven innocent
1. Entry into Jerusalem (Sunday) 2. Cleansing of the temple (Monday) 3. Day of teaching (Tuesday) 4. No activity recorded (Wednesday) 5. Passover meal (Thursday) 6. Trial (a), crucifixion (b) (Friday) 7. Burial (Friday, Saturday, Sunday) 8. Resurrection 7
8 6b
6a 2 3
6a 6a 5
Selected OT Prophecies and Their Fulfillment Prophecy Surrounding the Death Fulfillment of Christ
Mark 14:21 Matthew 26:14-15; 27:9 Mark 14:27,49-50 Matthew 26:67; 27:12,30 Mark 15:20,25 Mark 15:27-28 Zech. 12:10 John 20:25-29 John 19:23-24 Matthew 27:57-60
Sold for 30 pieces Zech. 11:12-13 Followers would leave Zechariah 13:7 Abused on trial & silent Isaiah 53:78 Death by crucifixion Psalm 22:1417 Crucified with two thieves Isa. 53:12 Hands and feet pierced Psalm 22:16 Cast lots for his garments Psa. 22:18 Buried in a rich mans tomb Isa. 53:9
Selected OT Prophecies and Their Fulfillment Prophecy Surrounding the Death Fulfillment of Christ
Jesus the Passover Lamb Isa. 53:7 Lifted up Numbers 21:8-9 Raised from the dead Psalm 16:811 Reign at Gods right hand Psa. 110:1 1 Corinthians 5:7-8 John 3:14-15 Mt. 28:1ff; Luke 24:1ff Mark 16:19
The Servant Presented (1:1 1:45) The Servant Opposed (2:1 8:26) The Servant Teaches (8:27 10:52) The Servant Rejected (11:1 15:47) The Servant Exalted (16:1-20)
The Final Week of Jesus Public Ministry Triumphal entry into Mark 11:1-11 Sunday Jerusalem, left for Bethany
Mark 11:12-19 Mark 11:20- 14:11
Cursing of the barren fig tree, cleansing the temple Teaching in the temple, fall of Jerusalem foretold, anointing at Bethany
Passover meal prepared and eaten, Gethsemane Betrayal, arrest, trial, scourging, crucifixion, death, burial Burial, spices prepared Resurrection, appearances to followers
The Resurrection Appearances of Jesus (Acts 1:3; 2:32; 3:15; 5:30-32; 10:40-41; 13:30-31; 1 Cor. 15:15) 1. Mary Magdalene 2. Other women 3. Peter 4. Two Emmaeus travelers 5. Ten disciples 6. Eleven disciples 7. Seven disciples fishing 8. Eleven disciples 9. 500 brethren 10. James the Lords brother 11. Disciples who watched Jesus ascension 12. Saul of Tarsus
Scripture References 1. Mark16:9-11 2. Matthew 28:9-10 3. Luke 24:34 4. Luke 24:13-35 5. John 20:19-25 6. John 20:26-31 7. John 21:1-14 8. Matthew 28:16-20 9. 1 Corinthians 15:6 10. 1 Corinthians 15:7 11. Acts 1:3-8 12. Acts 9:3-6,27
Matthew 28:1-20; Mark 16:1-20; Luke 24:1-53; John 20:1 21:23; Acts 1:1-10; 1 Corinthians 1:11 1. Mary Magdalene, Dont hold Jesus to the earth, he
John 20:11-18
2. The other women, Matthew 28:9-10; Luke 24:9-11 3. Peter, Luke 24:12,34 4. Two Emmaeus travelers, Luke 24:13-35 5. Ten disciples (Thomas absent), John 20:19-22
You may tell others the truth, but they may not believe you; tell them anyway Peter begins his journey back to faithfulness (see Luke 22:32) A burning desire to hear Gods word Unbelief is unacceptable, and fear must give way to peace
6. Eleven disciples (Thomas present), Faith is rational and reasonable; faith John 20:24-28 (see also 20:1-9) is based upon the evidence of eyewitness testimony
Matthew 28:1-20; Mark 16:1-20; Luke 24:1-53; John 20:1 21:23; Acts 1:1-10; 1 Corinthians 1:11 7. Seven disciples on the Sea of Following Jesus involves genuine love
The Lords work is not finished go into all the world and preach the gospel Five hundred eyewitness confirmed the truthfulness of the resurrection One could not fake a resurrection, but James would know what his own brother looked like Jesus is coming again just like he left!
9. Five hundred brethren at once, 1 Corinthians 15:6 10. James the Lords brother, 1 Corinthians 15:7 11. Disciples who watched Jesus ascend into heaven, Acts 1:9-11
12. Saul of Tarsus, Quit fighting against God, you wont Acts 9,22,26; 1 Corinthians 15:8- win! Change, and use your life for the 11 Lord!
He served to please His Father (1:11) He served unhindered by temptation (1:12-13) He called others to serve with him; he prepared successors (1:16-20; 2:14; 3:13-19)
He remained active (1:21; etc.) He operated within the authority of his Master (1:22,27; 2:10; 3:14-15; 6:7) He communicated regularly with his Master (1:35; 6:46; 9:29; 11:17,24; 13:33; 14:32,38)
He remained focused (1:38; 8:31-33) He had care and compassion for others (1:41; 6:34; 8:2; 9:22) He taught others to serve (2:13; 3:23; 4:1) He reached out to the lost (2:15-17)
He served unhindered by criticism, attacks, and opposition (2:7,16; 3:2,21,30; 6:3; 8:11-13) He planned ahead (3:9; 4:1) He understood what relationship is most important (3:35)
He did not stay where he was unwanted (5:17-20) He took decisive action when called upon (5:24) He believed in teamwork (6:7)
He pressed on after a great loss (6:29,31; see Mt. 14:13) He saw a need and addressed it (6:34) He taught leadership, order, gratitude, and stewardship (6:3744; 8:1-10)
He remained loyal to Gods word (7:8; 8:15) He taught and practiced true purity (7:14-23) He demanded growth of understanding (7:18; 8:18,21)
He served others outside his nation (7:24,31) He set a standard of excellence (7:37) He warned others of the wrong way (8:15)
He served despite rejection (8:31; 9:31) He practiced tough love (8:33; 10:21) He practiced and taught self-denial (8:34-37) He demanded loyalty (8:38)
He understand and taught true greatness (9:33-37; 10:35-45) He recognized and remembered great service (14:8-9) He put others before self (15:31) He sent others out to serve (16:15-20)
John 13:15 (Gr. hupodeigma) = to show under 1 Corinthians 11:1 (Gr. mimetai) = mimic 1 Peter 2:21 (Gr. hupogrammos) = to write under