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SYSTEM UNIT
Objectives:
1. Parts of the System Units and their
function
2. Steps in dis-assembling a system unit
3. Steps in assembling a system unit
SYSTEM UNIT
A system unit is the part of a computer that houses the primary devices that perform
operations and produce results for complex calculations. The system unit is composed
of 13 main parts:
1. Motherboard
2. Power Supply Unit
3. Hard Disk Drive
4.  Optical Disk Drive
5. RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read Only Memory)
6. CPU (Central Processing Unit)
7. CPU cooling systems
8. EIDE (Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronic) Cable
9. SATA (Serial ATA) cable
10. Video Card
11. NIC (Network Interface Card)
12.Wireless NIC
13.Sound Card
MOTHERBOARD
The Motherboard is the main circuit board for the
computer, containing both soldered,
nonremovable components along with sockets
or slots for components that can be removed.

The motherboard acts as the central

backbone of a computer on which other
modular parts are installed such as the
CPU, RAM and hard disks. The motherboard
also acts as the platform on which various
expansion slots are available to install other
devices / interfaces
POWER SUPPLY UNIT
A power supply unit (PSU) is a hardware device that converts AC
electricity into DC electricity and then distributes it to the rest of the
computer. On a standard desktop computer, the PSU is where the power
cord plugs into and usually has an I/O power switch on it

Both AC and DC describe types of current flow in a circuit. In

direct current (DC), the electric charge (current) only flows in
one direction. Electric charge in alternating current (AC), on
the other hand, changes direction periodically.
HARD DISK DRIVE
A hard disk drive (sometimes abbreviated as a hard
drive, HD, or HDD) is a non-volatile data storage
device. It is usually installed internally in a
computer, attached directly to the disk controller of
the computer's motherboard.
- A hard drive is the hardware component that stores
all of your digital content. Your documents, pictures,
music, videos, programs, application preferences, and
operating system represent digital content stored on a
hard drive. Hard drives can be external or internal.
OPTICAL DISK DRIVE
An optical disc drive is a disc drive that uses laser light
or electromagnetic waves within or near the visible
light spectrum as part of the process of reading or
writing data to or from optical discs.
- The main function of an ODD is to allow you to use
CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs to listen to music or
watch a movie.
RAM and ROM
RAM stands for random-access memory, but Read-only memory, or ROM, is a type of computer
what does that mean? Your computer RAM is storage containing non-volatile, permanent data
essentially short term memory where data is that, normally, can only be read, not written to.
stored as the processor needs it. This isn't to be ROM contains the programming that allows a
confused with long-term data that's stored on your computer to start up or regenerate each time it is
hard drive, which stays there even when your turned on.
computer is turned off
CPU • The brain of a
• Contains all the circuitry
computer
needed to process input, store
data, and output results
• is located inside the
computer case on
the motherboard.

• guides the computer

through the various steps
of solving a problem.
•  It consists of an
arithmetic and logic
unit (ALU), a control
unit, and various • the portion of a
registers. computer that retrieves
and executes
instructions.
CPU COOLING SYSTEMS
CPU coolers are designed to dissipate heat produced by the
processor that sits at the heart of your PC. The fans,
radiators, and other elements in these cooling components
allow for the accumulated heat energy to flow away from vital
working parts without damaging the hardware.

There are two primary types of CPU

coolers: air and liquid. Both work by
channeling heat from the processor through a
series of heat spreaders, thermal pastes,
conductive baseplates, and heat pipes,
eventually reaching a fan that disperses the
heat.
EIDE CABLE
Alternatively referred to as ATA-2, Fast ATA, Fast IDE,
or parallel ATA, EIDE (enhanced IDE) is an improvement
over the IDE (integrated drive electronics) storage device 
interface standard. It was developed by Western Digital and
an interface used on IBM compatible computers. EIDE
supports data rates from 4 and 16.6 MBps.

A flat ribbon cable connected the drive to the

motherboard by attaching to the IDE interfaces on
the computer and HDD.
SATA CABLE
SATA (also referred to as Serial ATA) stands for Serial
Advanced Technology Attachment, an industry-standard bus
interface for connecting a computer's host bus adapter to
storage devices such as hard disk drives (HDD), optical
drives and solid-state drives (SSD).

The SATA technology itself is a connecter interface

primarily used for computer bus connections in
storage applications. In this application, the cables
are used to connect a mass storage device to a host
bus adapter such as a motherboard
VIDEO CARD Video card, also called graphics card, integrated
circuit that generates the video signal sent to a
computer display. The card is usually located on
the computer motherboard or is a separate
circuit board but is sometimes built into the
computer display unit.

A graphics card is an expansion card which

generates a feed of output images to a display
device, such as a computer monitor. Graphics cards
are sometimes called discrete or dedicated graphics
cards to emphasize their distinction to integrated
graphics.
 NIC and WIRELESS NIC

Wireless NICs rely on

It is a circuit board installed in a an antenna to
computer that provides a dedicated communicate through
network connection to the computer. It radio frequency waves
is also called network interface on a Wi-Fi connection. 
controller, network adapter or LAN
adapter.
SOUND CARD

It provides input and

output of audio signals to
and from a computer under A sound card (also referred to as an
control of computers audio card) is a peripheral device that
program. attaches to the ISA or PCI slot on a
motherboard to enable the
computer to input, process, and
deliver sound.
STEPS IN DIS-ASSEMBLING SYSTEM
UNIT
Unplug your computer and Remove side covers Disconnect connectors
peripheral items
Remove standalone fans Remove the storage drive

Remove memory (RAM)

modules
Remove power supply unit Remove motherboard adapter or expansion cards

Remove the motherboard

STEPS IN ASSEMBLING SYSTEM UNIT
Mount the Processor Fix the Motherboard in Connect the Power Install the Drives
the Tower Case Supply

Connect Cables Mount the Memory Install the Internal Cover the Tower
Modules Cards
Connect the External
Devices and Power
THANK YOU
FOR LISTENING!
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