OB - Groups and Teams
OB - Groups and Teams
OB - Groups and Teams
The members have grown quite close over the weeks, and participation has
been fairly equal. Bonnie Sue, however, has not been very pleased with the
group’s performance. Only three weeks remain before the group’s report is
to be presented to management. She has been thinking about some of the
problems and wondering how to handle them. At first, the members came to
the meetings enthusiastic and came up with crazy ideas. But over time, they
lost some of the enthusiasm, even though they were developing better ideas
for improving the performance of the department.
During meeting, members have been suggesting the need for work
to be done outside the meeting, but no one seems to do it. Three of
the members cause different kinds of problems in the group. Kirt is
destructive- he is constantly putting other people’s ideas down, and
others have followed his lead. Kirt always thinks his way is better,
and he never gives an inch, even when he knows he is wrong.
Warmth and
Support
Goal Power
Accomplishment
Project Group
Committees
1. Formal Group
Composition
Status
Size
Hierarchy
Roles Cohesiveness
Norms
Composition
Small Group
Medium Group
Large Group
Size
1. Size
2. Location
3. Outside pressure
4. Status of the group
5. Success
6. Other reasons (compatible goals,
attractive leaders)
How To Increase Cohesiveness
Cohesiveness is the degree to which group members are
attracted to each other and are motivated to stay in the group.
How can we increase this?
•Make the group smaller.
•Encourage agreement with group goals.
•Increase time members spend together.
•Increase group status and admission difficultly.
•Stimulate competition with other groups.
•Give rewards to the group, not individuals.
•Physically isolate the group.
Dysfunction of highly cohesive groups and
teams is called Groupthink.
Term given by social psychologist Irving Janis.
36
The Punctuated-Equilibrium Model
Let’s stay
beside each other
no matter what the differences.
The Tortoise
And
The Hare
Once upon a time a tortoise and a
hare had an argument about who
was faster.
That’s not true.
The fastest runner is
me!
Can we have
another race?
This time, the hare went all
out and ran without stopping
from start to finish. He won
by several miles.
The moral of the story?
Sure!
They started off. In keeping with
his self-made commitment to be
consistently fast, the hare took off
and ran at top speed until he came
to a broad river. The finishing
line was a couple of kilometers Goal
on the other side of the river.
The hare sat there wondering what
to do. In the meantime the tortoise
trundled along, got into the river,
swam to the opposite bank,
continued walking and finished the
race.
What
should I do?
The moral of the story?
Working to your strengths will not only get you noticed, but will
also create opportunities for growth and advancement.
The story still hasn't ended …
The hare and the tortoise, by
this time, had become pretty
good friends and they did some
thinking together. Both realized
that the last race could have
been run much better.
So they decided to do the
last race again, but to run Great! I think we
as a team this time. could do it much
better, if we two
help each other.
Together
Everyone
Achieves
More
Work Team
A group whose individual efforts
result in a performance that is
greater than the sum of the
individual inputs
Group Versus Team Differences
Formal Work Group Team
Works on common goals Total commitment to common goals
Accountable to manager Accountable to team members
Skill levels are often random Skill levels are often complementary
Performance is evaluated by leader Performance is evaluated by
members as well as leaders
Culture is one of change and conflict Culture is based on collaboration and
total commitment to common goals
Performance can be positive, neutral, Performance can be greater than the
or negative sum of members’ contribution or
synergistic (e.g., 1 + 1 + 1 = 5)
Success is defined by the leader’s Success is defined by the members’
aspirations aspirations
Groups vs Teams
NATURE OF TEAMS
Collective Performance
Synergy
Mutual Accountability
Complementary Skills
Shared Leadership
TEAM IMPORTANCE
Team Characteristics
1. The absence of paraverbal and nonverbal cues
2. A limited social context
3. The ability to overcome time and space constraints
Five Cs of Team-member
Competencies
100
A Team-Effectiveness
Model
THANKYOU