Lec.9 - Drugs - Student V2
Lec.9 - Drugs - Student V2
Lec.9 - Drugs - Student V2
Ca+ Ca+
Ca+
Ω
• Vesicles release neurotransmitters
‘Exocytosis’
• May influence:
Regulation by
autoreceptors
- Production, storage or
release of neurotransmitters. Reuptake or
degradation of
- Pre or Postsynaptic
neurotransmitters
receptors
Binding to
- Reuptake or degradation of
postsynaptic
neurotransmitter. receptors
• Agonists • Antagonists
Depolarise
-65 -65
-70 -70
-70 -70
Antagonists
• If the neurotransmitter has an excitatory effect…
… an antagonistic drug will decrease this excitatory effect
-65 -65
-70 -70
-65 -65
-70 -70
Agonistic Effects
Neurotransmitters bind to specific Agonist drug
receptor sites on the postsynaptic
neurotransmitter
membrane.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sf1N0Zf5IqA
Agonistic Effects
Neurotransmitter molecules are made from
precursors.
enzymes
Some agonist drugs may: *
- Increase the amount of precursor. * * precursors
* *
- Activate enzymes that speed up synthesis.
More neurotransmitter is made.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sf1N0Zf5IqA
Agonistic Effects
Neurotransmitters in the cleft can be
transporter
transported back into the presynaptic neuron
(‘reuptake) or broken down by enzymes.
e.g. “chlorpromazine”
blocks dopamine Postsynaptic neuron
receptors
Antagonistic Effects
Neurotransmitter molecules are released from
the synaptic vesicles.
Agonist or
Drug Action
antagonist?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UG4VNMA8TG8
Cocaine
Inactivates presynaptic transporters responsible for reuptake of neurotransmitters.
Amphetamines and cocaine bind to — thus blocking — transporters used for the reuptake
of dopamine (and noradrenaline and serotonin) into presynaptic neurons. This causes the
level of dopamine to rise in the synapses.
Gastrointestinal tract:
- Ulcers
- Perforations
Kidneys:
- Kidney failure
Sexual dysfunction
Why do we care…
• Understand the neurochemical basis of:
• psychological functions and behaviours.
• psychological disorders.
• Develop treatments for psychological disorders.
Acetylcholine Acetylcholine
agonists improve antagonists make
memory memory worse
http://
www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2589612/Shocking-images-devast
ating-physical-toll-drugs-take.html
http://
www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-scotland-21843181/app-showing-ageing
-effects-of-alcohol-goes-global
Any questions?
Reading