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    C Lecture#3 (22/10/2022)

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    Md. Rokibul Hassan Roki
    This document discusses the basic building blocks of C programs including characters, tokens, keywords, identifiers, and constants. It describes the C character set and different types of integer constants such as decimal, octal, and hexadecimal. Hexadecimal constants are commonly used to represent colors as they allow for more possible values than binary.

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    C Lecture#3 (22/10/2022)

    Uploaded by

    Md. Rokibul Hassan Roki
    17 views14 pages
    This document discusses the basic building blocks of C programs including characters, tokens, keywords, identifiers, and constants. It describes the C character set and different types of integer constants such as decimal, octal, and hexadecimal. Hexadecimal constants are commonly used to represent colors as they allow for more possible values than binary.

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    This document discusses the basic building blocks of C programs including characters, tokens, keywords, identifiers, and constants. It describes the C character set and different types of integer constants such as decimal, octal, and hexadecimal. Hexadecimal constants are commonly used to represent colors as they allow for more possible values than binary.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    17 views14 pages

    C Lecture#3 (22/10/2022)

    Uploaded by

    Md. Rokibul Hassan Roki
    This document discusses the basic building blocks of C programs including characters, tokens, keywords, identifiers, and constants. It describes the C character set and different types of integer constants such as decimal, octal, and hexadecimal. Hexadecimal constants are commonly used to represent colors as they allow for more possible values than binary.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    Chapter 2

    CONSTANTS, VARIABLES AND DATA TYPES


    Character Set
    • Every C program contains statements.
    • These statements are constructed using words and these words are
    constructed using characters from C character set.
    Character Set Examples

    Alphabets • Lower case Letters: a,b,c,……….,y,z.


    • Upper Case Letters: A,B,C,………….,Y,Z.
    Digits Digits - 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

    Special Characters ~@#$%^&*()_-+={}[];:'"/?.


    > , < \ | tab
    White space Characters. \b \t \v \r \f \n \\ \’ \" Double quote
    \? \0
    C Tokens
    • C tokens are the basic buildings blocks in C language which are constructed
    together to write a C program.
    • Each and every smallest individual units in a C program are known as C tokens.
    Keywords
    • All keywords have fixed meanings and these meanings cannot be changed.
    • All keywords must be written in lowercase.
    Identifiers
    • Identifiers refer to the name of variables, functions and arrays.
    • These are user-defined names and consists of a sequence of letters and digits, with a letter
    as a first character.
    Difference between Keyword and Identifier
    Constants
    • Constants refer to fixed values that the program may not alter during its
    execution.
    Integer Constants
    Integer Constants

    • Decimal constant consists of a set of digits 0 through 9,


    preceded by an optional –or + sign.
    • An octal integer constant consists of any combination of
    digits from the set 0 through 7, with an leading 0.
    • A sequence of digit preceded by Ox or OX is considered as
    hexadecimal. They may also include alphabets A through F
    or a through f. The letter A through F represent the numbers
    10 through 15.
    Why do we use hexadecimal number system?

    • It is much easier for humans to read hexadecimal numbers


    than binary numbers.
    • For example, the hexadecimal number 0x2F5B translates to
    the binary number 0010 1111 0101 1011.
    • https://www.binaryhexconverter.com/binary-to-hex-convert
    er
    • A common use of hexadecimal numbers is to describe colors
    on web pages. Each of the three primary colors (i.e., red,
    green and blue) is represented by two hexadecimal digits to
    create 255 possible values, thus resulting in more than 16
    million possible colors.

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