SCIENCE 10-MODULE 4-Use of lenses-and-mirrors-FAJARDO, Mary Rose

SCIENCE 10
QUARTER 2
MODULE 4: USES OF
MIRRORS AND LENSES
• PREPARED BY: MARY ROSE P. FAJARDO, RN,LPT

LESSON 1:
USES OF MIRRORS
YOU’VE GOT
A MESSAGE
IN A MIRROR!
WHAT YOU NEED: PEN, SCIENCE ACTIVITY
NOTEBOOK AND A MIRROR
What you have to do:
1. Read the flipped word below by facing the

text box in front of a mirror
YOU ARE GOD’S
CREATION AND YOU
ARE BEAUTIFUL!
2. Write the
message you
deciphered on
your notebook.
• 3. Now, look at
the mirror and
read it loud and
with confidence.
Uses of Mirrors &
Lenses
•Decorating. Because mirrors
reflect light, they create an
illusion of open space by
doubling whatever is in a
room.
•Safety. People use mirrors
and lenses for safety.
•Vision. Eye doctors use
lenses to correct vision.
•Magnification and Science.
•Energy and Affirmation
Techniques.
•Photography.
•Fashion Design.
LET’S RECALL!
WHAT IS A MIRROR?
LET’S RECALL!
A mirror is a reflective surface, made

of GLASS COATED METALS, which
bounces off light that strikes its
surface and form a visual
representation or projection of an
object called image.
APPLICATIONS OF CONCAVE
AND CONVEX MIRRORS
•CONCAVE MIRROR, also

known as a converging
mirror has reflecting surface
which collects light inward
and focus them to one focal
point.
APPLICATIONS OF
CONCAVE AND
CONVEX MIRRORS
•CONVEX MIRROR, also known as a

diverging mirror is another type of
spherical mirror which has the outer
bulging surface that reflects light instead
of the inner one.
•It has a wider view field compared to a

concave mirror which makes bigger
objects appear to be smaller than their
original form.
ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY 1: “LIGHT
REFLECTORS”
MATERIALS: PROCEDURE:
• Flashlight (the one that 1. Get a flashlight and switch it on. What
do you observe about the beam it
can be dismantled) emits?
• Pen 2. Examine the part where the bulb is
positioned.
• Science activity notebook
Q1. what do you notice?
______________________________
3. Remove the reflector from the flashlight’s
body. Describe the reflector.
4. Remove the bulb and connect it to a Click icon to add picture
source such that it can be moved or
adjusted within the concave reflector.
5. Put the bulb in a position 1. connect

to the source and switch it on.
Q2. what do you observe about the
beam it emits?
______________________________
6. Repeat step 5 with the bulb at
position 2 then 3.
Q3. what are the differences of the
beam intensities?
______________________________
• 7. Summarize your observations by
writing: brightest, brighter, and
bright for the beam intensities in
the table provided below.
Position of Bulb in the Beam Intensities
Reflector
Position 1
Position 2
Position 3
8. Reassemble the flashlight that you

dismantled after use.
LESSON 2
LENSES
A lens is made of
transparent material such
as glass or plastic with a
refractive index larger than
that of air.
TWO TYPES OF
LENSES
• A convex lens is thicker at the center than at
the edges. Also called converging.
• A concave lens is thinner at then center than
at the edges. Also called diverging.
CONVEX LENS
• Sometimes called a
positive lens, a
convex lens is
characterized by its
bulging surfaces that
is directed outward
making it thicker at
the center than on its
edges.
• It is also known as converging lens because as
light passes through it, its rays bend inward and
converge at a spot located beyond the lens known
as the focal point causing the object behind the
lens to magnify or to appear bigger than it actual
size.
• Image produced by convex lenses can be a virtual
or real image.
• If only one side of the lens is • If both sides of the lens are
curved inward and the other curved inward, then that type
has a flat surface, it is called as of convex lens is called biconvex
plano-convex. typically seen in magnifying
glasses.
OPTICAL
INSTRUMENTS
• Tools that use lenses
• Examples:
– Cameras
– Telescopes
– Compound microscopes
– Projectors
MICROSCOP
ES
• Among the
applications in
which convex
lenses are used
is found in
compound
microscopes.
Have you tried to
view objects using a
microscope? What
object did you view
under it?
CAMERA
LENSES
Viewing Lens
Picture Taking
Lens
Image Bearing Swingin

Light g Mirror INTERNAL
Film
Camera Body
EXTERNAL
The most important aspect of photography is .
No light is allowed into the camera, except for when the button is
pushed.
The and the are the two parts of the camera

that regulateisthe
The shutter light in
located that
theenters
camerathebox.
camera.
It regulates the amount
of light by allowing it to pass through for a certain amount of .
The aperture is located in the lens compartment. Its purpose is
to control the amount of light that reaches the film.
If either of these two devices doesn’t work properly, the picture will not
come out looking as it should.
THE HUMAN EYE IS A NATURAL CAMERA
• Our eyes are our
natural cameras.
Some of the basic
and fundamental
parts of a camera
functions just like
how the different
parts of our eyes
work. Among these
are the lens, the
aperture, iris
diaphragm, shutter,
and photographic
film.
• The lens, just like
the cornea of our
eyes gathers and
bends light rays
inwardly to the
camera.
• The iris diaphragm
controls the size of
the aperture
(opening) to
regulate the light
that enters.
• This duo resembles the
iris and the pupil of
our eyes.
• The shutter opens and
shuts the aperture to
avoid too much light
exposure thus helping
the photographic film
capture a beautiful
image similar to the
work done by the
eyelids and the retina.
CONCAVE LENSES AND
MYOPIA
(NEARSIGHTEDNESS)
CORRECTION
MYOPIA
•Is a condition in which light rays focus

in front of the eye’s retina instead of, on
the retina.
•The result of this condition is that it

makes distant object to appear blurry,
while near objects appear normal.
CONCAVE LENSES
SUCH AS
EYEGLASSES AND
CONTACT LENSES
ARE USED IN
CORRECTING
MYOPIA.
HYPEROPIA (FARSIGHTEDNESS)
Is the eye condition that enables someone to see
distant object clearly but makes nearby objects
seem blurry.
Converging meniscus converging lens are used to
correct hyperopia. The converging meniscus lens
converge light before it enters the eye eventually
reducing the image distance.
• REFRACTION or the bending of light and
REFLECTION the bouncing off of light.
• Mirrors come in different types. The first
one is the plane mirror, a type of mirror
with a flat surface, it produces an image
flipped vertically, this is known as
LATERAL INVERSION.
• when mirrors are placed next to each other at a
certain angle it can create more than one images,
known as MULTIPLE IMAGES . When mirrors are
placed in PARALLEL position, facing each other,
an infinite number of images is produced. The
spherical mirrors come in two: CONCAVE or the
converging mirror and CONVEX or the diverging
mirror.
• These mirrors also function differently. A mirror which
provides wider view field making distant objects
appear smaller is CONVEX MIRROR. If you want to
increase the beam that a certain source of light is
radiating, you must enclose it in a CONCAVE MIRROR.
Dentists also use this kind of mirror because it can
magnify the teeth they are checking on, and this
makes easier for them to find the hidden cavity.
• Now let us go to lenses.
• Like mirror, lenses also come in either convex lens,
known as CONVERGING LENS and concave lens,
which is also called DIVERGING LENS.
• These lenses are also useful to man, like how mirror
is. To see minute or tiny microorganisms, scientist
use MICROSCOPE which has CONVEX LENSES.
• To correct a visual problem known as myopia, an eye
expert known as Optometrist would prescribe a
myopic person to wear eyeglasses with CONCAVE
LENSES , while for the person who sees better in a far
distance, or the farsighted, a pair of eyeglasses with
MENISCUS LENSES is used.
• In our body, we do also have a natural camera with
built in lenses; these are out EYES. It enables us to see
the world around us because it has an opening that
resembles the aperture of a camera. Natural shutters
are like our EYELIDS, that opens and shuts. The IRIS
DIAPHRAGM controls the light that enters our eyes
and the photographic film is like our RETINA, recording
and capturing the beautiful views around us.
CHALLENGE: MAKE YOUR OWN
TELESCOPE!
• This activity will help you apply whatever learnings you have obtained from
the above discussion about lenses. Using materials that you can see around
you, improvise or build your own telescope.
• A telescope is an optical instrument used in viewing far objects, it is the
instrument that astronomers use in observing the sky, especially at night. Now,
imagine yourself as a budding astronomer who lived during the time that
technology has not flourished yet.
• Young Galileo, please note that your version of telescope will be assessed with
the following criteria:
Creativity 30%
Functionality 30%
Application of Scientific 40%
Knowledge
Total 100%

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SCIENCE 10

• PREPARED BY: MARY ROSE P. FAJARDO, RN,LPT

1. Read the flipped word below by facing the

A mirror is a reflective surface, made

•CONCAVE MIRROR, also

•CONVEX MIRROR, also known as a

•It has a wider view field compared to a

5. Put the bulb in a position 1. connect

8. Reassemble the flashlight that you

Image Bearing Swingin

The and the are the two parts of the camera

•Is a condition in which light rays focus

•The result of this condition is that it

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