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    C Programming Lab

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    Ganesh Kumar
    The document discusses the C programming language. It covers the origin of C, its features, uses, and structure. C was created in 1972 and is well-suited for system software and applications like operating systems, databases, spreadsheets, and more. A C program structure typically includes preprocessor directives, global declarations, a main() function containing local declarations, input/output statements, and ends with a semicolon. The document also discusses C keywords, variables, data types, and constants.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    C Programming Lab

    Uploaded by

    Ganesh Kumar
    42 views24 pages
    The document discusses the C programming language. It covers the origin of C, its features, uses, and structure. C was created in 1972 and is well-suited for system software and applications like operating systems, databases, spreadsheets, and more. A C program structure typically includes preprocessor directives, global declarations, a main() function containing local declarations, input/output statements, and ends with a semicolon. The document also discusses C keywords, variables, data types, and constants.

    Original Description:

    Programs for the C Programming Lab

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    The document discusses the C programming language. It covers the origin of C, its features, uses, and structure. C was created in 1972 and is well-suited for system software and applications like operating systems, databases, spreadsheets, and more. A C program structure typically includes preprocessor directives, global declarations, a main() function containing local declarations, input/output statements, and ends with a semicolon. The document also discusses C keywords, variables, data types, and constants.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    42 views24 pages

    C Programming Lab

    Uploaded by

    Ganesh Kumar
    The document discusses the C programming language. It covers the origin of C, its features, uses, and structure. C was created in 1972 and is well-suited for system software and applications like operating systems, databases, spreadsheets, and more. A C program structure typically includes preprocessor directives, global declarations, a main() function containing local declarations, input/output statements, and ends with a semicolon. The document also discusses C keywords, variables, data types, and constants.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 24

    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,

    M.K.B.NAGAR
    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,
    M.K.B.NAGAR
    Session Objectives
     Discuss the Origin of C

     Features of C

     Characteristics of C

     Current Uses of C

     “C” Programming Structure

     Character Set

    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,


    M.K.B.NAGAR
    “C” is a Middle Level language

    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,


    M.K.B.NAGAR
    “C” is a Structure & Procedure Oriented Programming
    language developed by Dennis Ritchie at AT&T Bell Laboratories
    in USA in the Year 1972

    (Basic Combined Programming Language)

    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,


    M.K.B.NAGAR
    Features of “C” Language

     Economy of Expressions
     Modern Control Flow and Structures
     Rich Set of Operators
     It is Well suited for writing both System
    Software like Operating Systems,
    Interpreters, Editors and Assembly
    Programs

    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,


    M.K.B.NAGAR
     UNIX Operating System was Developed by Using “C”

    Language
     Developing database Systems

     Graphics Packages

     Spread Sheets

     Word Processors

     Office automation

     Scientific/Engineering Applications

     CAD/CAM Applications
    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,
    M.K.B.NAGAR
    Preprocessor Directives (Incl. headerFile)
    Global Variable Declarations;
    void main()
    {
    Local Variable Declarations;
    Input/Output Statements;
    }

    Note :
    Every “C” Statements should end with Semicolon(;)
    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,
    M.K.B.NAGAR
    The C Program Structure

    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,


    M.K.B.NAGAR
     Preprocessor directives are the instructions given to the
    compiler.

     They are not translated into machine language, but are


    operated upon directly by the compiler before the
    compiling process begins.

     Preprocessor directives begin with a # (hash)

     Preprocessor directives are often placed in the beginning


    of a program before the main() is declared.

    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,


    M.K.B.NAGAR
    A lot of library functions are
    subdivided into number of groups.
    This groups are called Header files

    Syntax : #include<headerfilename.h>
    Examples: #include<stdio.h>
    #include<conio.h>
    Stdio -> Standard Input/Output
    Conio -> Console Input/Output
    Void -> Keyword. It Means Returns Nothing.
    main() -> It is a function name which can be used to
    indicate the beginning of the program
    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,
    M.K.B.NAGAR execution
    C has 32 keywords.
    These keywords combined with a formal syntax form a C
    programming language.

    Rules to be followed for all programs written in C

    All keywords are lowercased

    C is case sensitive, do while is


    different from DO WHILE
    Keywords cannot be used as a
    variable or function name

    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,


    M.K.B.NAGAR
    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,
    M.K.B.NAGAR
    Programs

    Instructions

    Keywords

    Constants,
    variables &
    Data Types

    Alphabets,
    Digits,Special
    Characters
    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,
    M.K.B.NAGAR
    A Character denotes an alphabet, digit or a special
    character. These characters can be combined to form variables.

    Lowercase Letters – A,B,C….. Z


    Uppercase Letters - a,b,c…… z

    Digits – 0,1,2,3,…7,8,9

    + Plus Sign - Minus Sign , Comma

    * Asterisk / Slash = Equal to


    @ At Symbol < Less Than : Colon
    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,
    M.K.B.NAGAR
    ; Semicolon
    10 4600.5 “A”
    ‘A’
    -356 -0.963 “CSC”
    ‘*’

    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,


    M.K.B.NAGAR
    Escape Sequence
    Escape sequences are specified as the first argument in
    Output Statement. They are always preceded with a

    backslash

    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,


    M.K.B.NAGAR
    Variables are named locations in memory that are used to
    hold a value that may be modified by the program.

    The syntax for declaring a variable is

    K5.ico ANIMATAY006.ICO
    Data type Variablename;

    Valid Examples :
    CSC avg_val m1
    Chennai Anu mark_1

    Some erroneous identifier names are - 1stsst


    oh!god
    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,
    M.K.B.NAGAR
    start….end
    RULES for framing a variable :

    The first character in the Variable name must be an alphabet


    Alphabets can be followed by a number of digits or
    underscores
    No commas or Blank spaces are allowed within a variable
    name
    No Special character other than Underscore(_) can be used in
    a variable name.
    The variable name should not be a keyword
    Variable names are case sensitive
    It should not be of length more than 31 characters

    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,


    M.K.B.NAGAR
    Character structure
    Integer Union
    Float Pointer
    Double enum

    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,


    M.K.B.NAGAR
    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,
    M.K.B.NAGAR
    1.Type Definition
    Example: Typedef int age;
    age male,female

    2.Enumerated Datatype
    Example :
    enum mon{jan,feb,mar,apr,may,jun,jul,aug,sep,oct,nov,dec };

    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,


    M.K.B.NAGAR
    Session Summary

     All variables must be declared in the program before all executable statement

     Comments statements may or may not be present in a program

     Comment statement improves the readability of a program

     A program will always begin by executing the main() function

     Every C program must contain atleast one function which must be a main()

    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,


    M.K.B.NAGAR
    EXERCISES

    1. Why it is required to include header files your C program?

    2. What is #include statement? Indicate its use?

    3. Why is the main() function is so special

    4. Write a program to calculate Simple and Compound Interest?

    5. State the use of comment symbol in a program?

    6. Describe the types of constants? Give example?

    CSC COMPUTER EDUCATION,


    M.K.B.NAGAR

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