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    Antiplatelets & Anticoagulants

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    Josa Camille Bungay
    This document discusses drugs that affect the blood in various ways. It describes drugs that treat thrombosis, bleeding, platelet aggregation inhibitors, anticoagulants, thrombolytic drugs, and drugs that treat bleeding. Platelet aggregation inhibitors like aspirin and ticlopidine are used to treat and prevent cardiovascular diseases. Anticoagulants like heparin and warfarin are used to treat deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and prevent postoperative venous thrombosis. Thrombolytic drugs like streptokinase and alteplase dissolve blood clots by activating plasminogen to plasmin. Drugs that treat bleeding include aminocaproic acid, tranexamic acid, protamine sulfate, and vitamin

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    Antiplatelets & Anticoagulants

    Uploaded by

    Josa Camille Bungay
    36 views10 pages
    This document discusses drugs that affect the blood in various ways. It describes drugs that treat thrombosis, bleeding, platelet aggregation inhibitors, anticoagulants, thrombolytic drugs, and drugs that treat bleeding. Platelet aggregation inhibitors like aspirin and ticlopidine are used to treat and prevent cardiovascular diseases. Anticoagulants like heparin and warfarin are used to treat deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and prevent postoperative venous thrombosis. Thrombolytic drugs like streptokinase and alteplase dissolve blood clots by activating plasminogen to plasmin. Drugs that treat bleeding include aminocaproic acid, tranexamic acid, protamine sulfate, and vitamin

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    This document discusses drugs that affect the blood in various ways. It describes drugs that treat thrombosis, bleeding, platelet aggregation inhibitors, anticoagulants, thrombolytic drugs, and drugs that treat bleeding. Platelet aggregation inhibitors like aspirin and ticlopidine are used to treat and prevent cardiovascular diseases. Anticoagulants like heparin and warfarin are used to treat deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and prevent postoperative venous thrombosis. Thrombolytic drugs like streptokinase and alteplase dissolve blood clots by activating plasminogen to plasmin. Drugs that treat bleeding include aminocaproic acid, tranexamic acid, protamine sulfate, and vitamin

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    36 views10 pages

    Antiplatelets & Anticoagulants

    Uploaded by

    Josa Camille Bungay
    This document discusses drugs that affect the blood in various ways. It describes drugs that treat thrombosis, bleeding, platelet aggregation inhibitors, anticoagulants, thrombolytic drugs, and drugs that treat bleeding. Platelet aggregation inhibitors like aspirin and ticlopidine are used to treat and prevent cardiovascular diseases. Anticoagulants like heparin and warfarin are used to treat deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and prevent postoperative venous thrombosis. Thrombolytic drugs like streptokinase and alteplase dissolve blood clots by activating plasminogen to plasmin. Drugs that treat bleeding include aminocaproic acid, tranexamic acid, protamine sulfate, and vitamin

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    DRUGS AFFECTING THE

    BLOOD
     Thrombosis – formation of an unwanted clot within the blood
    vessel or the heart

     Bleeding – failure of hemostasis which may be due to


    hemophilia and Vitamin K deficiency

    Dysfuntions of  Anemia – below normal plasma hemoglobin concentration


    the blood resulting from a decreased number of circulating red blood
    cells or abnormally low total hemoglobin content per unit of
    blood volume.
     Puncture / cuts initiate a series of complex interactions
    between platelets, endothelial cells and the coagulation
    cascade.
    Response to
    Vascular  Results in the formation of a platelet – fibrin plug.

    Trauma
     Unwanted thrombus involves the same step but of a different
    stimuli which is of pathologic origin in the vascular system.
     General MOA: Decrease the formation of or the action of
    chemical signals that promote platelet aggregation.

    Platelet
    Aggregation  Indications:
     Treatment and prevention of occlusive CV diseases
    Inhibitors  Maintenance of vascular grafts and arterial patency
     Adjuncts to thrombolytic therapy in myocardial infarction
     Drugs:
     Aspirin – blocks thromboxane A2 synthesis from arachidonic acid
    in platelets by irreversible acetylation and inhibition of
    cyclooxygenase, a key enzyme in prostaglandin and thromboxane
    A2 synthesis

    Platelet
    Aggregation  Ticlopidine – inhibits the ADP pathway involved in the binding of
    platelets to fibrinogen and to each other
    Inhibitors
     Dipyridamole – increases intracellular levels of cyclic AMP by
    inhibiting cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase; inhibits
    thromboxane A2 synthesis and potentiate the effects of
    prostacyclin to antagonize platelet aggregation
     Heparin – binds to antithrombin III (heparin cofactor) to cause
    rapid anticoagulant effect by inhibiting serine proteases; limits
    the expansion of the thrombi by preventing fibrin formation

    Anticoagulants  Indications:
     Treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
     Decreases incidence of recurrent thromboembolic episodes
     Prophylactically, prevent postoperative venous thrombosis
     Warfarin / Dicumarol – antagonize the cofactor functions of
    Vitamin K, thereby preventing the synthesis of several protein
    factors (Factors II, VII, IX and X) in the liver

    Anticoagulants  Indications:
     Myocardial infarction
     Hip arthroplasty
     MOA: activate the concersion of plasminogen to plasmin, a
    serine protease that hydrolyzes fibrin and thus, dissolves clots

    Thrombolytic
    Drugs  Indication
     Treatment of myocardial infarction, massive pulmonary embolism
    and acute ischemic stroke
     Streptokinase
     Alteplase
    Thrombolytic  Anistreplase
    Drugs  Urokinase
     Aminocaproic acid / Tranexamic acid – inhibits plasminogen
    activation

    DRUGS THAT  Protamine sulfate – antagonizes the anticoagulant effects of


    TREAT heparin

    BLEEDING
     Vitamin K – acts as a cofactor in the synthesis of protein
    factors

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