The Sentence Pattern (ENG 513)
The Sentence Pattern (ENG 513)
The Sentence Pattern (ENG 513)
01 02
BASIC SENTENCE CHARACTERISTICS AND
PATTERNS PARTS OF A SENTENCE
03 04
TYPES OF SENTENCES TYPES OF SENTENCES
ACCORDING TO ACCORDING TO USE
STRUCTURE
The Art of Sentence
Sentence Length
Length
BASIC SENTENCE
PATTERNS
1
S + IV
3 2
S + TV + DO S + TV + IO + DO
Subject + Transitive Verb
Subject + Transitive Verb
+ Indirect Object + Direct
+ Direct Object
Object
4
S + TV + DO + OC
Subject + Transitive Verb
+ Direct Object + Object Sentence Patterns
Complement
5
S + LV + C
A subject refers to what or whom the An indirect object is the object to whom or
S sentence is about (noun or pronoun). IO for whom the action is done.
An intransitive verb is an action verb that never A noun complement is a noun that follows
IV has a direct or indirect object. NC/C a functional linking verb.
S IV
After their thesis defense, the students celebrated in the pastry shop.
S IV
SUBJECT + TRANSITIVE VERB +
DIRECT OBJECT
S TV DO
S TV DO
SUBJECT + TRANSITIVE VERB +
INDIRECT OBJECT + DIRECT OBJECT
S TV IO DO
S TV IO DO
SUBJECT + TRANSITIVE VERB +
DIRECT OBJECT + OBJECT
COMPLEMENT
S TV DO OC
S TV DO OC
SUBJECT + LINKING VERB +
COMPLEMENT
S LV C (NC)
S LV C (AC)
SHORT ACTIVITY
INSTRUCTIONS: Read and analyze each sentence carefully, and identify each of
the sentence patterns they respectively adhere to. Choose from S + IV, S + TV + DO,
S + TV + IO + DO, S + TV + DO + OC, S + LV + C.
1) Marco stole the diamond necklace for his tuition fee payment.
2) Joy runs along the corridor to catch up to his Physical Science class.
3) The leftover sandwich smells awfully spoiled.
4) Hyunjin offers Felix a freelance job in the midst of this health crisis.
5) Carol nominates the current secretary executive director in their annual organizational
election.
ANSWERS:
1. S + TV + DO
2. S + IV
3. S + LV + C
4. S + TV + IO + DO
5. S + TV + DO + OC
CHARACTERISTICS AND
PARTS OF A SENTENCE
WHAT IS A SENTENCE?
It is a group of words which expresses a complete idea or
thought.
It has two parts: the subject and the predicate.
SUBJECT AND PREDICATE
Examples:
SIMPLE SENTENCE
It It is a type of sentence which consists of only one independent
clause containing a subject and a verb and it expresses complete
thought.
EXAMPLES OF SIMPLE SENTENCES
• The cat chases the large rat. (simple subject and simple predicate)
• The lady and the servant were running down the street and were skipping across
the puddles. (compound subject and compound predicate)
• Ling transfers the box under the table and cleans the sink afterwards. (simple
subject and compound predicate)
• Amy and Joy approach the old woman cautiously. (compound subject and
simple predicate)
02
COMPOUND SENTENCE
It is a type of sentence which consists of two or more independent
clauses connected by a coordinating conjunction.
COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
● These are conjunctions that connect two equal parts of a sentence, especially two
independent clauses in a sentence.
● The most common ones are for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so.
● They connect sweeping ideas together, forming cohesive, comprehensive ideas.
● A semicolon (;) can also be used as a coordinating conjunction
FUNCTIONS
FUNCTIONS OF
OF COORDINATING
COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
CONJUNCTIONS
CONJUNCTION FUNCTIONS
It explains a reason or purpose.
For
It adds one thing to another.
And
It is used to present an alternative negative idea to an already stated
Nor negative idea.
It shows contrast.
But
FOR
● I always message him every morning, for I do not want him to feel that he has no one to
lean on.
AND
● The reporter carefully climbed the steep slope, and the cameramen followed her.
NOR
● Neither the culprit escapes through the window nor he blends with a disguise in a group
of nurses.
EXAMPLES
BUT
• Leon promised to come here before the sun sets, but he arrived ten minutes past
midnight.
OR
● Would you like to send the gift now or would you like to send it after Christmas break?
YET
● Pieces of garbage are scattered on the bridge yet passersby turns a cold shoulder towards
these.
SO
• I have not finished my assignments yet, so I drink three cups of coffee to keep me alert
and awake in making them now.
03
COMPLEX SENTENCE
It is a type of sentence consisting of one independent clause and one
or more dependent clauses wherein both are connected by a
subordinating conjunction.
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
● These are conjunctions that connect two unequal parts of a sentence, especially
independent clause and dependent clause
● Some common subordinating conjunctions are:
after whenever
until since
because although
though once
before whether
while while
unless that
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
● These are conjunctions that connect two unequal parts of a sentence, especially
independent clause and dependent clause
● Some common subordinating conjunctions are:
after whenever
until since
because although
though once
before whether
while while
unless that
FUNCTIONS
FUNCTIONS OF
OF SUBORDINATING
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
CONJUNCTIONS
CONJUNCTION FUNCTIONS
because It shows cause and effect.
whenever It indicates that when one event happens at any point, so does another.
CONJUNCTION FUNCTIONS
once It indicates that something that has only been true since the occurrence of
something else.
if It is used to set up a condition in a hypothetical situation.
in case It can be used to mean something like “for the possibility that something
might happen”
whether It is a shortened form for “whether or not.”
FUNCTIONS
FUNCTIONS OF
OF SUBORDINATING
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
CONJUNCTIONS
CONJUNCTION FUNCTIONS
although It means “despite of the fact that” or “regardless of the fact that.”
as soon as It can be used to indicate that one event happened at the same time as or
directly after another event.
as long as It can be used to indicate that one thing only under the condition that the
other thing is true
before It is used to introduce the earlier event in a pair of events.
BECAUSE
● I didn’t answer your messages because I was out of the country
SINCE
● I decided to bake cupcakes, since it was Marjorie’s birthday.
UNTIL
● We always do things together until he met Lisa, the woman he deeply fell in love with.
WHEN
● The teacher was writing on the board when the student fainted.
EXAMPLES
WHENEVER
● Whenever I get home, my dog meets me at the doorway, enthusiastically wagging his
tail.
WHILE
● I went to the convenience store to buy an instant food while Rachel stayed at home to set
the fire in the stove.
AS
● As the sun starts to rise, the rooster positioned itself on top of the block to awaken the
dormant souls of the inhabitants.
ONCE
• You can go out of the room immediately once you are done administering the test to
the children.
EXAMPLES
IF
● If I will be given a chance to be the president of our country for one term, I will first
address the prevailing problems in our education system.
AS IF
● She waves at me as if a misunderstanding did not happen last evening.
LIKE
● He spits the words at me like he no longer recognizes this face.
UNLESS
● Brie will never apply for that job unless you will accompany her during the interview.
EXAMPLES
IN CASE
● In case Ms. Villarante will immediately file a maternity leave, Mr. Castro will substitute
her in her classes.
WHETHER
● I am quite worried whether he will be able to faithfully follow the itinerary
ALTHOUGH
● Although Daniel had inflicted a serious damage to my reputation, I can still forgive him.
THOUGH
● I will still return to retrieve the keys though I am no longer allowed to enter the house.
EXAMPLES
IN CASE
● In case Ms. Villarante will immediately file a maternity leave, Mr. Castro will substitute
her in her classes.
WHETHER
● I am quite worried whether he will be able to faithfully follow the itinerary
ALTHOUGH
● Although Daniel had inflicted a serious damage to my reputation, I can still forgive him.
THOUGH
● I will still return to retrieve the keys though I am no longer allowed to enter the house.
EXAMPLES
AS SOON AS
● As soon as my father leaves for work, you can already come here to get the book I
borrowed from you.
AS LONG AS
● I will stay with you as long as you will accept me for who I really am.
BEFORE
● You should leave the house before the clock ticks midnight.
THOUGH
● We will go to the beach after we buy some pork cracklings in the market.
EXAMPLES
• While mom takes a vacation in her hometown, my brother invites his girlfriend over for we
will watch the latest episode of our favorite TV series, Sex Education.
1) Eren and Mikasa went to the park and dipped in the beach afterwards.
2) Although she earned the reputation of being the least desirable candidate, Annie really
gave the most logical answer to that question.
3) Niki arrived at the airport an hour before Yeonjun’s departure, but he left the ring he
was about to give him.
4) Although he is extremely sick, Jungwon still enters his class, and he is able to answer
the difficult questions in the examination.
5) Elena enters her brother’s room without even knocking the door.
ANSWERS:
1. Simple
2. Complex
3. Compound
4. Compound-Complex
5. Simple
TYPES OF SENTENCES
ACCORDING TO USE
01
DECLARATIVE SENTENCE
• When I was a kid, I was too excited to grow up, but now, I just want to lay in bed all day.
• Korean pop music has already widened its patronage around the globe.
02
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE
It asks a question. This type of sentence often begins with who, what,
where, when, why, how, or do, and it ends with a question mark.
EXAMPLES
• Do you know a place where we can unwind from all the heavy responsibilities without the
risk of drowning?
IMPERATIVE SENTENCE
• Please consider accepting our application since this health crisis has taken a toll on
managing our finances.
EXCLAMATORY SENTENCE
• You cannot just lead me into these intimate gestures, and tell me I am nothing to you!
1. Imperative
2. Declarative
3. Exclamatory
4. Interrogative
5. Imperative
THANKS!
Hewings, M. (2005). Advanced Grammar in Use (2nd Ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Zandvort, R. W. (1975). A Handbook of English Grammar (7th Ed.). Longman Group Limited.
https://www.time4writing.com/writing-resources/types-of-sentences-and-punctuation/
http://furman.weebly.com/uploads/5/1/7/6/5176248/diagramming.pdf