Communicable Disease NRSG
Communicable Disease NRSG
Communicable Disease NRSG
Nursing
JULIUS CAEZAR S. PERIDA, RN, MAN
INFECTION
Entry &
agent potential host
multiplication
Spectrum of Disease
Forms:
• Contagious – w/ or w/o contact
• Infectious – requires direct inoculation
Epidemiology
Patterns:
1. Sporadic – on & off Agent
4. Pandemic – worldwide
CHAIN OF INFECTION
Agent
- Index / Frank
Susceptible
- Carrier
Reservoir
Host - Suspect
- Contact
- Respi-inhalation
- GIT-ingestion Portal Portal - Body secretions
- GUT-exposure of of - Blood
- Circulatory (Parenteral) Entry Exit
- Placental
Mode of
Transmission
- Contact (direct, indirect)
- Airborne
- Vehicle
- Vector-borne
GENERAL NURSING CARE
Artificial
Passive
-Tig (TAT/ATS)
-Dig
-ERIg / HRIg
PARADE OF DISEASES
JULIUS CAEZAR S. PERIDA, RN, MAN
CNS – TETANUS (Lockjaw)
culex
tritaenlorhyncus
Humans
CNS – RABIES
(Hydrophobia; Lyssa; La Rage)
E.a: Rhabdovirus
I.P: Humans – 2-8 weeks, Dogs – 10-14 days
MOT: Bite of an infected animal (canine-sylvatic)
Pathogenesis:
exoplasm of
muscle
peripheral
inoculation
nerves
multi-organ
brain
involvement
CNS – Poliomyelitis
(Heine-Medin Dse; Infantile Paralysis)
E.a: Legio debilitans
I. Brunhilde
II. Lansing
III. Leon
I.P: 7-21 days
MOT: Fecal oral mouth
Affection: Spinal, Bulbar, Bulbo-Spinal Paralysis
Dx Test: Lumbar Puncture – (+) Pandy’s Test, Stool exam
LEPROSY
(Hansen’s Dse; Hansenosis)
E.a: Mycobacterium Leprae
I.P: 6 months – 8 years or more
MOT: Droplet, Prolonged skin to skin contact
Dx Test: Slit Skin Smear, Lepromin Rxn Test
Categories:
1. Tuberculoid
2. Lepromatous
3. Borderline
Indeterminate
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
JULIUS CAEZAR S. PERIDA, RN, MAN
DENGUE
(Hemorrhagic Fever; Breakbone F. Dandy F; Infectious
Thrombocytopenic Purpura)
E.a: Flavivirus 1,2,3,4, Arbovirus Grp B, Chikungunya, O nyong nyong
I.P: 6 days to 1 week
MOT: Aedes aegypti
Pathogenesis: viremia – capillary fragility, permeability
S/Sxs: Herman’s sign
Dx Test: Torniquet Test, Rumpel – Leads Test
MALARIA
(Ague: Marsh Fever: Periodic Fever, King of Tropical
Diseases)
Pathogenesis:
microgametocyte
macrogametocyte
sporozoite
MALARIA
(Ague: Marsh Fever: Periodic Fever, King of Tropical
Diseases)
fresh H2O
miracidium
Oncomelania quadrasi
DOC:
cercaria 1. Praziquantel
Oxamniquine
Metrifonate
Dx Test: Circum-ova precipitin test
PARAGONIMIASIS
M-F microcephaly
Meds:
Bird Flu
H5N1
Influenza A
H7N7
(H1N1) MOT: Droplet
H9N2
I.P: 7-10 days
H5N6
I.P: 2-4 days
ANTHRAX
(Ragpicker’s Dse; Woolsorter’s Dse; Malignant Pustule;
Malignant Edema)
Chikenpox Shingles
I.P: Reactivation of
I.P: 3-17 days
latent infection
S/Sxs: Unilateral,
painful and clustered
S/Sxs: Scattered, vesicles that tend to
pruritic vesicles coalesce (along
distribution of
affected nerve)
PEDICULOSIS
E.a:Sarcoptes Scabiei
MOT: Contact transmission
DOC: Benzyl benzoate emulsion
GASTRO-INTESTINAL
JULIUS CAEZAR S. PERIDA, RN, MAN
TYPHOID FEVER
MOT: 5 F’s
bone
gallbladder liver spleen
S/Sxs: Ladder-like fever marrow
Splenomegaly
2⁰ Bacteremia
Rose spots
DYSENTERI
Shigella
flexneri
S. boydii
Bacillary S. sonnei
S. Dysenteriae
endotoxin
Dysenteri intestine
Entamoeba
histolytica
Amoebic
S/Sxs: Bloody mucoid stool
trophozoite
Abdominal pain
CHOLERA
(Violent Dysenteri; El Tor)
E.a:Vibrio Cholerae
S/Sxs: Rice-watery stool (24-30 L/day)
bleeding
PAROTITIS
E.a:Ascaris lumbricoides
MOT: Ingestion of viable ova
Dx Test: Kato-Thick Smear
ENTEROBIASIS
(Pinworm Infection)
E.a:Enterobius vermicularis
MOT: Ingestion of viable ova
Dx Test: Scotch-Tape Test
THRICHURIASIS
(Whipworm Infection)
E.a:Trichuris trichiura
MOT: Ingestion of viable ova
Dx Test: FECT Method
UNCINIASIS / EGYPTIAN CHLOROSIS
(Hookworm Infection)
E.a:
Ancyclostoma duodenale
Necator americanus
MOT: Skin penetration
CAPILLARIASIS
E.a: Retrovirus
I.P: 2 months to 20 years or more
MOT: Multiple Ps
S/Sxs: Fever > 1 month
Diarrhea > 1 month
Significant weight loss
AIDS
- Associated Infection
L – Lymphadenopathy
C – Chronic coughing
G – Generalized Pruritic Dermatitis
O – Oral / Genital / Systemic Fungal Infection
R – Recurrent Varicella Virus Infection
P – Progressive Disseminated Herpes Simplex
AIDS
Opportunistic infection:
Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia
Cancer: Kaposi’s Sarcoma
Dx Test: ELISA
Western Blood