Case Study On Copd

CASE STUDY ON COPD
(CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE
PULMONARY DISEASE)
SUBMITTED BY:
REGD. NO: 82-91
2ND YEAR BSC NURSING
SMCON
INTRODUCTION
IDENTIFICATION DATA
HISTORY COLLECTION
I. Family History
1. Name of the head of the family:
2. Address:
•
II. Family characteristics
1. Type of family:
2. Size of the family:
3. Religion:
•Family composition:
III. FAMILY COMPOSITION:
Sl. Name Relationship Age Sex Educational Occupation Monthly Income Marital Health
No with HOF status status Problem

Total Income:
Per capita:
IV. FAMILY GENOGRAM
V. Marital Status
•No of eligible couple:
•Family planning status:
•
VI. Dietary practices
•Type of diet:
•Frequency of meals:
•
VII. Housing and environmental sanitation
 Type of house: (Pacca/ kachha/mixed): Own/rented:
 Number of rooms:
 Ventilation:
 Kitchen: Yes/ No
 Cooking fuel:
 Storage of cooked food (Hygienic/unhygienic):
 Hand washing facility (present/absent):
 Water supply
• Drinking: House hold purpose:
 Latrine(community/ own sanitary/open field defecation/other):
 Electricity:
 Drainage (open/closed):
• Soakage pit (present/absent):
• Water stagnation (present/absent):
 System of waste disposal:
 Live stock (cow/goat/hen/others):
 Breeding place of insects and rodents(present/absent):
•
VIII. Transport and Communication:
 Type of road-brick/mud/coal tar/others:
 Transport-Train/ bus/auto/others:
 Communication-telephone/news-paper:
 Leisure time activity:
IX. Health facilities available and used:
 Hospital (private/Govt.):
 Health Centre:
 Private practitioner (present/absent):
 Indigenous practitioner (present/absent):
 NGO/social agencies (present/absent):

X. Attitude, belief and practices of family in regards to:
 Selection of food:
 Cooking practice:
• XI. Present health status:
•XII. Health Habits:
Sl. no. Health Habits Occasional Addiction
1 Tea
2 Smoking /Tobacco
3 Alcohol
4 Drugs
5 Any others
INVESTIGATION
MEDICATION
DISEASE CONDITION
(COPD)
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION
COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) is a condition where the

airways become inflamed and the air sacs in the lungs are damaged. This
causes the airways to become narrower, which means its harder to breathe in
and out.
CLASSIFICATION
COPD is classified into two types namely:

Emphysema
Chronic bronchitis
Emphysema: It is defined as permanent enlargement of alveolar spaces because of
the destruction of alveolar walls.
Chronic bronchitis: It is defined as cough or sputum production for at least three
month per year for two or more years.
ETIOLOGY
1. Smoking
2. Environment
3. Alpha-1 deficiency
4. Emphysema
5. Chronic bronchitis
6. Other irritants
ANATOMY OF LUNGS
• Humans have two lungs, a right lung and a left lung. They are situated within
the thoracic cavity of the chest.
• The lungs are a part of the lower respiratory tract.
• Alveoli are present on the walls of the respiratory bronchioles and alveolar
ducts.
• The sacs divides each lung into section called lobes. The right lung has 3
lobes while the left has 2 lobes.
PHYSIOLOGY OF LUNGS
• The most basic function of lungs is to exchange gas from environment into
the bloodstream.
• Alveoli is the major spot for gas exchange.
• The alveoli transports the oxygen into the capillary network.
• The carbon dioxide travels in opposite direction.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
• Cough (chronic)
• Sputum production
• Dyspnea
• Shortness of breath
• Wheezing or squeaking
• Tightness in chest
• Frequent colds or flu
• Blue fingernails
• Low energy
• Losing weight
• Swollen ankles, feet or legs
• Frequent respiratory infections
RISK FACTORS
• Active smoking
• Passive smoking
• Asthma
• Occupational exposure to dusts and chemicals
• Exposure to fumes from burning fuels
• Genetics
• Age
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
• History collection
• Physical examination
• Pulmonary function studies
• Spirometry
• Arterial blood gas (ABG)
• Chest x-ray
• Alpha 1 antipyretic deficiency screening
MANAGEMENT OF COPD
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
Therapeutic strategies for the patient with COPD includes promoting smoking cessation as
appropriate prescribing medications that typically include bronchodilators and may include
corticosteroids, managing exacerbations, and providing supplemental oxygen therapy as
indicated.
i. Risk reduction
ii. Pharmacologic therapy
iii. Management or exacerbation
iv. General principals of oxygen therapy
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
Surgical options may be necessary for patients who do not demonstrate

symptom of improvement with non surgical therapies.
i. Bullectomy
ii. Lung volume reduction surgery
iii. Lung transplantation
NURSING MANAGEMENT
COMPLICATION
NCP
PROGNOSIS
HEALTH EDUCATION
SUMMARY
REFERENCE

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CASE STUDY ON COPD

III. FAMILY COMPOSITION:

COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) is a condition where the

COPD is classified into two types namely:

Surgical options may be necessary for patients who do not demonstrate

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