Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 143 views

    Palm Oil Cultivation and Chemistry

    Uploaded by

    ccapybara
    Palm oil is a highly productive oil crop, yielding over 2,000 kg of oil per hectare. Palm trees are cultivated on plantations, with the fruit harvested to extract palm kernel oil from the kernels and crude palm oil from the fleshy mesocarp. The oil undergoes processing including sterilization, nut separation, and pressing. Crude palm oil contains triglycerides and fatty acids like palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids. Fractionation separates the oil based on properties like iodine value and melting point to produce different fractions for uses like cooking oil or margarine.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Palm Oil Cultivation and Chemistry

    Uploaded by

    ccapybara
    143 views12 pages
    Palm oil is a highly productive oil crop, yielding over 2,000 kg of oil per hectare. Palm trees are cultivated on plantations, with the fruit harvested to extract palm kernel oil from the kernels and crude palm oil from the fleshy mesocarp. The oil undergoes processing including sterilization, nut separation, and pressing. Crude palm oil contains triglycerides and fatty acids like palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids. Fractionation separates the oil based on properties like iodine value and melting point to produce different fractions for uses like cooking oil or margarine.

    Original Description:

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Palm oil is a highly productive oil crop, yielding over 2,000 kg of oil per hectare. Palm trees are cultivated on plantations, with the fruit harvested to extract palm kernel oil from the kernels and crude palm oil from the fleshy mesocarp. The oil undergoes processing including sterilization, nut separation, and pressing. Crude palm oil contains triglycerides and fatty acids like palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids. Fractionation separates the oil based on properties like iodine value and melting point to produce different fractions for uses like cooking oil or margarine.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    143 views12 pages

    Palm Oil Cultivation and Chemistry

    Uploaded by

    ccapybara
    Palm oil is a highly productive oil crop, yielding over 2,000 kg of oil per hectare. Palm trees are cultivated on plantations, with the fruit harvested to extract palm kernel oil from the kernels and crude palm oil from the fleshy mesocarp. The oil undergoes processing including sterilization, nut separation, and pressing. Crude palm oil contains triglycerides and fatty acids like palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids. Fractionation separates the oil based on properties like iodine value and melting point to produce different fractions for uses like cooking oil or margarine.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    Palm Oil Cultivation & Chemistry

    Wikipedia
    Wilmar International
    Adani Wilmar
    Presentation Outline

    World Edible Oil Production


    Palm Oil Cultivation & Oil Extraction
    Oil Structure (FFA)
    Unsaturated Fatty Acids (IV & ‘cis’/‘trans’)
    Triglyceride Distributions
    Fractionation
    World Edible Oil Production

    Raw Materials and


    Processes in Oleochemistry
    Markus Dierker
    Cognis
    Vegetable Oil Yields (kg/acre)
    2500

    2000

    1500

    1000

    500

    0
    canola corn cottonseed peanut safflower soybean sunflower coconut olive palm palm kernel

    Fats and Oils: Formulating


    and Processing for Applications
    Richard O’Brien
    Palm Oil Tree Cultivation

    1 acre
    = 4 tonnes fruit/annum
    = 1.2 MT CPO
    = 300 kg kernels
    = 200 kg kernel meal
    = 100 kg CPKO
    Palm Oil and Fractions
    Wai-Lin, Siew, J Minal
    MPOB,
    Wikipedia OFI Middle East 2007
    Wai-Lin, Siew, J Minal
    Palm Fruit Bunch Processing Tinytech

    Fresh Fruit Bunches Steam Sterilization Empty Fruit Bunches


    (90 minutes) Fruit Stripper

    CPKO

    Palm Fruits
    Kernel Cake Fibres
    CPO

    Nuts & Fibre Separator Expeller


    Oil Chemical Structure

    FFA
    - free fatty acids
    - cause bad flavours
    - promoted by water/microbes
    - controlled in deodorisation
    Oil Fatty Acid Structure & Composition
    C16:0
    Palmitic Acid
    C18:0
    Stearic Acid

    C18:1
    Oleic Acid

    C18:2
    Linoleic Acid

    UR Sahasranamam
    IOI Group, Loders Croklan
    Fats, Oils, Fatty Acids, Triglycerides
    Scientific Psychic Website
    Antonio Zamora, 2005 Fatty Acid Unsaturation

    IV (Iodine Value)
    - degree of unsaturation
    - controlled in hydrogenation

    ‘cis’ to ‘trans’ conversion also


    increases melting point
    Spent catalyst
    - promotes ‘cis’ to ‘trans’ conversion
    Oil Triglyceride Distribution
    C16:0
    S Palmitic Acid
    C18:0
    Stearic Acid

    O C18:1
    Oleic Acid

    U
    C18:2
    P Linoleic Acid

    Palm Oil Palm Olein CNO Cocoa Butter


    SSS 8 <1 84 3

    SOS 33 34.5 75
    SSU 6 6.5 12 0.5
    SPS 9 9 6.5

    SU2 37 41 4 14
    Application and Uses of Palm and
    Palm Kernel Oil in specialty products
    UUU 7 9 0 1 EM Goh, LS Berhad
    MOSTA, 2002
    Fractionation Equipment

    The Economics of Fractionation


    JD Kock, WD Greyt, M Kellens
    Ghent University, November 2005
    CPO Fractionation Pathway

    IV 52
    15 bar

    IV 33 IV 56
    Vanaspathi Frying Oil
    15 bar 15 bar

    IV < 15 IV 45 IV 47 IV 65
    Animal Feed Margarine Salad Oil
    30 bar

    IV < 36 IV 54
    Confectionary Technical Aspects of Trans
    Reduction in Modified Fats
    Gerrit Van Duijn
    OCL Vol 12 No 5-6, Sep-Dec 2005

    You might also like