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    PHOTOSYNTHESIS

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    Arlene Santos
    There are two types of organisms - heterotrophs that consume other organisms and autotrophs that produce their own food. Autotrophs include plants that perform photosynthesis using carbon dioxide, water and light energy to produce glucose and oxygen. Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts and has two reactions - the light dependent reaction that uses light to produce ATP and NADPH in the thylakoid, and the light independent Calvin cycle that uses ATP and NADPH to reduce carbon dioxide to glucose in the chloroplast stroma.

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    PHOTOSYNTHESIS

    Uploaded by

    Arlene Santos
    121 views32 pages
    There are two types of organisms - heterotrophs that consume other organisms and autotrophs that produce their own food. Autotrophs include plants that perform photosynthesis using carbon dioxide, water and light energy to produce glucose and oxygen. Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts and has two reactions - the light dependent reaction that uses light to produce ATP and NADPH in the thylakoid, and the light independent Calvin cycle that uses ATP and NADPH to reduce carbon dioxide to glucose in the chloroplast stroma.

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    There are two types of organisms - heterotrophs that consume other organisms and autotrophs that produce their own food. Autotrophs include plants that perform photosynthesis using carbon dioxide, water and light energy to produce glucose and oxygen. Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts and has two reactions - the light dependent reaction that uses light to produce ATP and NADPH in the thylakoid, and the light independent Calvin cycle that uses ATP and NADPH to reduce carbon dioxide to glucose in the chloroplast stroma.

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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    121 views32 pages

    PHOTOSYNTHESIS

    Uploaded by

    Arlene Santos
    There are two types of organisms - heterotrophs that consume other organisms and autotrophs that produce their own food. Autotrophs include plants that perform photosynthesis using carbon dioxide, water and light energy to produce glucose and oxygen. Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts and has two reactions - the light dependent reaction that uses light to produce ATP and NADPH in the thylakoid, and the light independent Calvin cycle that uses ATP and NADPH to reduce carbon dioxide to glucose in the chloroplast stroma.

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    of 32

    Type of Organisms

    Heterotrophs
    - consumer
    - animals
    Autotrophs
    - producers
    - plants
    Kinds:
    photoautorophs and
    chemoautotrophs
    PHOTOSYNTHESIS
    6CO2 + 12H2O + light  (6C6 H12O6) + 6O2 + 6H2O
    • A LIGHT-DRIVEN PROCESS

    • THE OVERALL REACTION IS:

    6CO2 + 12H2O + light  (6C6 H12O6) + 6O2 + 6H2O

    • Raw Materials CO2 and H2O


    • Products glucose (6C6 H12O6)

    • by products H2O and O2


    REDOX Reaction

    • CO2 IS REDUCED to 6C6 H12O6


    • H2O IS OXIDIZED to O2
    PHOTOSYNTHESIS OCCURS IN
    CHLOROPLASTS
    • CHLOROPLASTS CONTAIN:
    – AN OUTER MEMBRANE
    • HIGH PERMEABILITY
    – AN INNER MEMBRANE
    • NEARLY IMPERMEABLE
    – THE STROMA
    • AQUEOUS
    • CONTAINS ENZYMES, DNA, RNA, RIBOSOMES
    – THE “THYLAKOID”
    • A MEMBRANEOUS COMPARTMENT
    – DERIVED FROM INVAGINATIONS OF INNER MEMBRANE
    • A SINGLE HIGHLY-FOLDED VESICLE
    • “GRANA” : DISK-LIKE SACS
    Grana, or singular 'granum,' are stacks of thylakoids within
    chloroplasts.
    TRY THIS!
    Light- Dependent Light- Independent
    Reaction Reaction
    Raw Materials 1. __________________ 2. __________________

    Part of Chloroplast 3. __________________ 4. __________________

    Products 5. __________________ 6. __________________

    By- Products 7. __________________ 8. __________________

    Light Requirements 9. __________________ 10. __________________


    LIGHT AND DARK
    Light - Dependent Reaction
    • occurs in the thylakoid
    • light is converted to ATP and NADPH
    • water(raw material) splits and produces
    oxygen as by-products
    Photolysis - process of spliting of water
    molecules
    Light - Dependent Reaction
    Light - Independent Reaction
    (The Calvin Cycle)
    • occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast (stroma reactions)
    • utilizes the the products of light dependent reactions,
    ATP and NADPH
    • carbon dioxide is the raw material
    • also called C3 cycle, because it produces three-carbon
    sugar PGAL( phosphoglygeraldehyde)
    • water as by- product
    Photosynthetic Adaptations
    Photorespiration-stomata closes to prevent
    water loss but prevents CO2 gas to enter the
    leaf
    C4 plants
    -has unique leaf anatomy
    CAM plants
    -opens their stomata during the night and
    closes during the day
    QUIZ
    Test I - Multiple Choices
    1. Which of the following occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast?

    a. Light Dependent Reaction b. Light Independent Reaction


    c. Electron Transport Chain
    d. Cellular Respiration
    2. Which of the following is mismatched?

    a. heterotrophs: other-eating
    b. autotrophs : self-feeding
    c. autotrophs: other-eating
    d. chemoautotrophs: bacteria
    3. The oxygen produced in photosynthesis
    comes from what molecule?

    a. glucose c. ATP
    b. Water d. Carbon Dioxide
    4. Which of the following is NOT produce in
    the Light Dependent Reaction?

    a. Oxygen c. NADPH
    b. ATP d. sugar
    5. The Light Independent Reaction requires
    each of the following inputs, EXCEPT.

    a. O2 c. NADPH
    b. ATP d. CO2
    6. Which of the following is the correct
    equation for photosynthesis?
    a. (6C6 H12O6) + 12H2O + light  6CO2 + 6O2 + 6H2O

    b. 6CO2 + 12H2O + light  (6C6 H12O6) + 6O2 + 6H2O

    C. 6CO2 + 12H2O + (6C6 H12O6) + 6O2 + 6H2O  light


    7. What photosynthetic process used by
    some plants to survive in a hot and dry
    climate, like desert?

    a.C4 Photosynthesis c. Photolysis


    b.C3 Photosynthesis d. Redox Reaction
    8. In Red-Ox reaction CO2 IS REDUCED to

    a. 6C6 H12O6 b. O2

    c. H2O d. CO2
    9. Photosynthesis is a process that converts
    light energy to _______.

    a. electrical c. sound
    b. chemical d. light
    10. Which is NOT true about
    photosynthesis?

    a. It occurs in the Choroplast.


    b. Its raw materials are CO2 and H2O
    c. Its product is glucose
    d. Its products are CO2 and H2O
    II. Complete Table
    Light- Dependent Light- Independent
    Reaction Reaction
    Raw Materials 1. __________________ 2. __________________

    Part of Chloroplast 3. __________________ 4. __________________

    Products 5. __________________ 6. __________________

    By- Products 7. __________________ 8. __________________

    Light Requirements 9. __________________ 10. __________________


    III. Complete the Diagram

    1 2

    9. _____________
    NADP+
    ADP 4
    10._______ Cycle
    3
    6
    7

    5 8 (by- products)
    ANSWERS
    I.
    1. b 6. b
    2. c 7. a
    3. b 8. a
    4. d 9. b
    5. a 10. d
    Light- Dependent Light- Independent
    Reaction Reaction

    Raw Materials 1. water 2. carbon dioxide

    Part of Chloroplast 3. thylakoid 4. stroma

    Products 5. ATP and NADPH 6. PGAL

    By- Products 7. oxygen 8. water

    Light Requirements 9. needs light 10. no light


    III. Complete the Diagram

    1. H2O 2. CO2

    9. Light Reaction
    NADP+
    ADP 4. stroma
    10.Calvin Cycle
    3. thylakoid
    6. ATP
    7. NADPH

    5. O2
    8. H2O

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